Maarianohdakkeet

Maarianohdakkeet
Maarianohdake (Silybum marianum)
Maarianohdake (Silybum marianum)
Tieteellinen luokittelu
Kunta: Kasvit Plantae
Kladi: Putkilokasvit Tracheophyta
Kladi: Siemenkasvit Spermatophyta
Kladi: Koppisiemeniset Magnoliophytina
Kladi: Aitokaksisirkkaiset
Lahko: Asterales
Heimo: Asterikasvit Asteraceae
Alaheimo: Carduoideae
Suku: Maarianohdakkeet Silybum
Adans.
Katso myös

  Maarianohdakkeet Wikispeciesissä
  Maarianohdakkeet Commonsissa

Maarianohdakkeet (Silybum) on asterikasvien (Asteraceae) heimoon kuuluva pieni kasvisuku. Sukuun luetaan kuuluvaksi kaksi lajia. Niiden lisäksi sukuun on kuvattu muutamia muitakin lajeja, mutta niiden taksonominen asema on toistaiseksi epäselvä.[1]

Maarianohdakkeet ovat yksi- tai kaksivuotisia ruohovartisia kasveja. Niiden varsi on kasvutavaltaan pysty, usein haarainen, piikitön ja tavallisesti ruskehtavanvärinen. Lehdet ovat liuskoittuneita ja hammaslaitaisia sekä väriltään vihreitä, mutta niissä on vaaleita läiskiä. Ylimmät lehdet ovat sepiviä. Kukinnot ovat munanmuotoisia mykerökukintoja, jotka sijaitsevat yksittäin. Kukat ovat kaksineuvoisia, torvimaisia ja väriltään punavioletteja tai joskus valkoisia. Hedelmä on haivenellinen.[2]

Sukuun kuuluvista lajeista maarianohdaketta (Silybum marianum) on havaittu Suomessa reilulta kymmeneltä paikalta eri puolilta maata.[3]

Lajit

Lähteet

  1. ↑ The Plant List (Silybum) The Plant List. 2013. Viitattu 30.7.2018. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ Anna-Lena Anderberg: Den virtuella floran: Mariatistlar (Silybum) Den virtuella floran. 1999. Naturhistoriska riksmuseet. Viitattu 30.7.2018. (ruotsiksi)
  3. ↑ Raino Lampinen & Tapani Lahti: Kasviatlas 2017: Maarianohdake (Silybum marianum) Kasviatlas. Luonnontieteellinen keskusmuseo. Viitattu 30.7.2018.

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