Luxottica

Luxottica Group S.p.A.
Osake NYSE: LUX, BIT: LUX
ISIN IT0001479374
Perustettu 1961
Perustaja Leonardo Del Vecchio
Puheenjohtaja Leonardo Del Vecchio
Kotipaikka Milano
Toiminta-alue maailma
Toimiala silmälasikehykset ja aurinkolasit
Tuotteet Alain Mikli, Arnette, Eye Safety Systems (ESS), K&L (ent. Killer Loop), Oakley, Oliver Peoples, Persol, Ray-Ban, Sferoflex, Vogue Eyewear, Eyemed, Lenscrafters, Pearle Vision, Sears Optical, Target Optical, Sunglass Hut, Ilori-Optical Shops of Aspen, David Clulow, GMO, Laubman & Pank, OPSM, Glasses.com, Onesight
Liikevaihto 7,7 miljardia € (2014)
Henkilöstö 77 734 (2014)
Omistaja Delfin S.a.r.l. (n. 60 %)
Kotisivu luxottica.com
Luxottican tehdas Italian Laurianossa.
Yksi Luxottican tuotemerkeistä on Oliver Peoples.

Luxottica Group S.p.A. on italialainen yritys, joka on maailman suurin silmälasien valmistaja ja markkinoija. Se vastaa yli 80 prosentista tunnettujen merkkikehysten ja -aurinkolasien valmistuksesta ja myynnistä..[1][2] Luxottica omistaa tytäryhtiöt Lenscrafters, Pearle Vision, Sears Optical, Target Optical, Eyemed Vision Care Plan ja Glasses.com. Aurinkolasibrändeistä Luxottica omistaa Ray-Banin, Persolin ja Oakleyn. Luxottica valmistaa silmä- ja aurinkolaseja lisensseillä myös merkeille Chanel, Prada, Giorgio Armani, Burberry, Versace, Dolce & Gabbana, Miu Miu, Donna Karan, Stella McCartney ja Tory Burch.[3][4]

The Wall Street Journal kutsuu Luxotticaa ”yhdeksi suurimmista kulutustavaravalmistajista, josta kuluttajat eivät ole koskaan kuulleetkaan”.[3]

Luxottican tärkein kilpailija on italialainen Safilo Group, jonka omia tuotemerkkejä ovat muun muassa Carrera ja Polaroid.[5]

Historiaa

Luxottican perusti Leonardo Del Vecchio vuonna 1961[6] Italian Agordoon Bellunon maakunnassa. Nykyisin yrityksen pääkonttori on Milanossa.

Del Vecchio aloitti uransa tarkkuuskonepajan harjoittelijana, kunnes keksi soveltaa taitojaan silmälasien osiin. Hän teki ensin komponenttien alihankintaa muille merkeille, kunnes vuonna 1967 päätti alkaa myydä kokonaisia kehyksiä omalla Luxottica-merkillään. Ratkaisu oli niin onnistunut, että vuonna 1971 hän luopui osien valmistuksesta muille ja keskittyi kokonaistoimituksiin.[7] Yhdysvaltojen markkinoille Luxottica eteni vuonna 1970 tekemällä lisenssisopimuksen Avant Garde -yhtiön kanssa.[8]

Pyrkiessään vertikaaliin integraatioon eli koko toimitusketjun hallintaan Del Vecchio hankki 1974 omistukseensa silmälasien jakeluyrityksen Scarronen.[9] Vuonna 1981 Luxottica perusti tytäryhtiön Saksaan, mistä alkoi yhtiön nopea kansainvälistyminen.[9] Ensimmäinen lisenssinantaja kokonaiselle kehysmallistolle oli Giorgio Armani vuonna 1988.[10] Luxottica eteni merkkikehysten valmistajana solmimalla sopimukset Giugiaron, Gennyn ja Byblosin kanssa 1989, Valentinon 1990 ja Yves Saint-Laurentin kanssa 1991.[8]

Luxottica listautui New Yorkin pörssiin 1990 ensimmäisenä italialaisyrityksenä, joka ei ollut ennestään noteerattu Milanon pörssissä. Sinne Luxottica listautui vasta vuonna 2000. 1990-luvun puolivälissä Luxottica osti US Shoe -yrityksen saadakseen omistukseensa sen tytäryhtiön, 700 optikkoliikettä Pohjois-Amerikassa käsittävän LensCraftersin. Kenkäliiketoiminnan se myi edelleen Nine West -yhtiölle.[8]

Aurinkolaseissa Luxottica laajeni ostamalla 1999 Bausch & Lombin aurinkolasiliiketoiminnan, johon kuuluivat muun muassa merkit Ray-Ban, Revo ja Killer Loop. Luxottica suostutteli myös Chanel-yhtiön sen ensimmäiseen lisensiointisopimukseen. Vuonna 2001 Luxottica osti toisenkin pohjoisamerikkalaisen optiikkaketjun Sunglass Hut Internationalin.[8]

Vähittäiskauppa

Luxotticalla on yli 7 000 omaa vähittäismyymälää Yhdysvalloissa ja Kanadassa, Etelä-Amerikassa, Kiinassa, Australiassa, Uudessa-Seelannissa, Etelä-Afrikassa, Britanniassa ja Arabiemiraateissa..[11] Vähittäiskauppaketjun pääkonttori on Masonissa Yhdysvaltojen Ohion osavaltiossa.[11]

Kritiikkiä

Vuonna 2012 yhdysvaltalainen ajankohtaisohjelma 60 Minutes teki jutun siitä, miten Luxottica pitää hintoja korkeina määräävän markkina-asemansa ja aukottoman vertikaalisen integraationsa turvin.[12]

Yritys Suomessa

Espoossa toimii Luxottica Finland Ab Oy, jonka liikevaihto vuonna 2019 oli 1,4 miljoonaa euroa ja henkilöstömäärä 6.[13]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Luxottica to Buy a U.S. Sunglasses Maker. in The New York Times June 21, 2007, 21.6.2007. Artikkelin verkkoversio.
  2. ↑ Crutchfield, Dean: Luxottica Sees Itself As King, Raising Questions About Brand Authenticity. Forbes, November 27, 2012. Artikkelin verkkoversio.
  3. ↑ a b Brett Arends, "Are Designer Sunglasses Worth the Price?"
  4. ↑ Eyewear brands, May 1, 2015.
  5. ↑ Luxottica Net Dips, Safilo Rises, Luxottica. Viitattu 1.10.2015.
  6. ↑ World's Billionaires Leonardo Del Vecchio. Määritä julkaisu!Määritä ajankohta! Forbes March, 2011. Artikkelin verkkoversio.
  7. ↑ Santander research Borsa Italiana 2003.
  8. ↑ a b c d Luxottica (Arkistoitu – Internet Archive), Company Profiles for Students, The Gale Group, Inc. 1999. Vaatii HighBeam-tilauksen. Viitattu 30.11.2015.
  9. ↑ a b Luxottica Past and Present Luxottica Group S.p.A.. Viitattu 2.11.2009.
  10. ↑ The Armani Group and the Luxottica Group announce expiration of licence agreement in Pambianco News November 21, 2002.
  11. ↑ a b Luxottica Facts and Figures Luxottica Group S.p.A.. Viitattu 10.8.2011.
  12. ↑ Sticker shock: Why are glasses so expensive? 60 Minutes, October 7, 2012. CBS News. Artikkelin verkkoversio. Viitattu October 19, 2012.
  13. ↑ Luxottica Finland Oy Ab - Y-tunnus: 0934414-1 - Yritystiedot, taloustiedot, päättäjät & hallituksen jäsenet www.finder.fi. Viitattu 23.9.2020.

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