Intiantiikeri

Intiantiikeri
Uhanalaisuusluokitus

Erittäin uhanalainen [1]

Erittäin uhanalainen

Tieteellinen luokittelu
Domeeni: Aitotumaiset Eucarya
Kunta: Eläinkunta Animalia
Pääjakso: Selkäjänteiset Chordata
Alajakso: Selkärankaiset Vertebrata
Luokka: Nisäkkäät Mammalia
Lahko: Petoeläimet Carnivora
Heimo: Kissaeläimet Felidae
Suku: Suurkissat Panthera
Laji: Tiikeri tigris
Alalaji: tigris
Kolmiosainen nimi

Panthera tigris tigris
(Linnaeus, 1758)

Intiantiikerin levinneisyys.
Intiantiikerin levinneisyys.
Katso myös

  Intiantiikeri Wikispeciesissä
  Intiantiikeri Commonsissa

Intiantiikeri eli bengalintiikeri (Panthera tigris tigris) on tiikerin (Panthera tigris) uhanalainen alalaji. Siitä tavataan myös valkoista värimuotoa, jota kutsutaan rewantiikeriksi.

Koko ja ulkonäkö

Intiantiikeriuroksen pituus kuonon päästä hännän päähän on 2,7–3,1 metriä ja se painaa 180–260 kilogrammaa. Säkäkorkeutta intiantiikerillä on noin 120 senttimetriä. Valkeat laikut korvien takana auttavat tiikereitä näkemään toisensa yön pimeydessä. Tiikeri on hyvin harteikas ja sen etujalat ovat suuret, joten se pystyy kaatamaan kookkaankin saaliseläimen. Vahvat leuat ja pitkät raateluhampaat helpottavat tarttumista saaliiseen. Valtavilla tassuillaan tiikeri voi kellistää saaliseläimen yhdellä iskulla.

Levinneisyys ja elinympäristö

Intiantiikereitä tavataan metsissä ja ruohoalueilla Bangladeshissa, Bhutanissa, Kiinassa, Intiassa ja Nepalissa. Se on sekä Bangladeshin että Intian kansalliseläin. On arvioitu, että bengalintiikereitä olisi 2 000–4 600 yksilöä villinä luonnossa, joten se olisi tiikerin alalajeista yleisin. Suurimmaksi osaksi nämä tiikerit asuvat Intian ja Bangladeshin alueilla.

Ravinto

Tiikerit metsästävät erilaisia saaliseläimiä, mutta erityisen taitavasti ne saalistavat sorkkaeläimiä, kuten hirvieläimiä, antilooppeja ja villisikoja. Sundarbansissa villisika on yksi merkittävimmistä saaliseläimistä. Intiantiikeri syö mielellään myös erilaisia hirvieläimiä kuten aksishirviä ja sambarhirviä. Muilla alueilla tiikerit saalistavat valtavia, jopa tonnin painoisia nautaeläimiä, gaureja.

Lähteet

  1. Chundawat, R.S., Khan, J.A. & Mallon, D.P.: Panthera tigris ssp. tigris IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1. 2011. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 15.7.2014. (englanniksi)

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