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Input to a cryptographic primitive In cryptography, an initialization vector (IV) or starting variable[1] is an input to a cryptographic primitive being used to provide the initial state. The IV is typically required to be random or pseudorandom, but sometimes an IV only needs to be unpredictable or unique. Randomization is crucial for some encryption schemes to achieve semantic security, a property whereby repeated usage of the scheme under the same key does not allow an attacker to ...

Artikel utama: Piala Dunia FIFA 2010 dan Babak penyisihan grup Piala Dunia FIFA 2010 Pertandingan di Grup F Piala Dunia FIFA 2010 akan diadakan dari tanggal 15 Juni sampai dengan 25 Juni 2010.[1] Grup ini terdiri dari Brasil, Korea Utara, Pantai Gading, dan Portugal. Grup ini juga dianggap sebagai Group of Death.[2] Pemenang grup ini, Brasil, melaju melawan Chili, runner-up Grup H di babak gugur. Runner-up grup ini, Portugal, melaju melawan Spanyol, pemenang grup H. Klasemen P...

Rodrigo de Castro Pereira Rodrigo de Castro Pereira (* 22. Juli 1887; † 1983) war ein portugiesischer Tennisspieler. Werdegang De Castro Pereira gehörte zu den stärksten Spielern in der Anfangszeit des Tennis in Portugal. 1924 nahm er an den Olympischen Sommerspielen in Paris teil, wo er in der ersten Runde dem Argentinier Arturo Hortal unterlag. 1931 wurde er portugiesischer Meister und 1934 Präsident des Tennisverbands Federação Portuguesa de Lawn-Tennis. Von 1957 bis 1967 war er Pr�...

Lou Henry HooverIbu Negara Amerika SerikatMasa jabatan4 Maret 1929 – 4 Maret 1933PendahuluGrace CoolidgePenggantiEleanor Roosevelt Informasi pribadiLahir(1874-03-29)29 Maret 1874Waterloo, IowaMeninggal7 Januari 1944(1944-01-07) (umur 69)Sebab kematianserangan jantungMakamWest Branch, IowaSuami/istriHerbert HooverAnakHerbert Charles dan Allan HenryPekerjaanIbu Negara Amerika SerikatTanda tanganSunting kotak info • L • B Louise Henry Hoover (29 Maret 1874 ...

يتفاوت استخدام الطاقة وتنميتها في إفريقيا بشكل كبير في أنحاء هذه القارة، حيث تصدّر بعض البلدان الأفريقية الطاقة إلى الدول المجاورة أو السوق العالمية، بينما تفتقر دول أخرى في القارة إلى البنى التحتية الأساسية أو الأنظمة التي تمكّنها من الحصول على الطاقة.[1] وقد ذكر الب�...

Huevo del decimoquinto aniversario Autor Henrik WigströmCreación 1911Ubicación Museo Fabergé en San Petersburgo (Rusia) y Palacio de Alejandro (Rusia)Material Oro, Esmalte, Diamante, Cristal de roca, Acuarela y MarfilDimensiones 13,2 centímetros de alto[editar datos en Wikidata] El huevo del decimoquinto aniversario es uno de los huevos imperiales de Fabergé, un huevo enjoyado que el último zar de Rusia, Nicolás II, le regaló a su esposa la zarina Alejandra Fiodorovna Roman...

Wapen van de familie de Bonhome Geschiedenis De familie stamt af van Jean Bonhome (1583-1636), van wie ook een oudste (en uitgedoofde) stam De Bounam de Ryckholt voortkwam. In 1653 verleende keizer Ferdinand III adel van het Heilige Roomse Rijk aan Jean Bonhome. In 1691 verleende keizer Leopold I de titel ridder aan Jean-Maximilien de Bounam, heer van Ryckholt. In 1789 verleende keizer Jozef II de titel baron aan Leopold de Bonhome (1712-1797). Genealogie Jean Bonhome (1583-1667), x Jeanne Me...

Human settlement in EnglandGuarlfordPenny CloseGuarlfordLocation within WorcestershirePopulation261 (2021)Civil parishGuarlfordDistrictMalvern HillsShire countyWorcestershireRegionWest MidlandsCountryEnglandSovereign stateUnited KingdomPost townMalvernPostcode districtWR13PoliceWest MerciaFireHereford and WorcesterAmbulanceWest Midlands UK ParliamentWest Worcestershire List of places UK England Worcestershire 52°06′23″N 2°16′23″W / 52.106505�...

Artikel ini bukan mengenai elevasi. Perbandingan jarak vertikal dalam penerbangan Altitudo adalah posisi vertikal (ketinggian) suatu objek dari suatu titik tertentu (datum). Datum yang biasa digunakan adalah permukaan laut dan permukaan geoid WGS-84 yang digunakan oleh GPS. Oleh karena itu, altitudo sering kali dinyatakan sebagai ketinggian dari permukaan laut (biasa disingkat dpl). Di Amerika Serikat dan Britania Serikat, altitudo aviasi biasa diukur dalam satuan kaki, sedangkan di seluruh b...

Species of fish Cyprinodon nevadensis California Conservation status Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1)[1] Imperiled (NatureServe)[2] Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Cyprinodontiformes Family: Cyprinodontidae Genus: Cyprinodon Species: C. nevadensis Binomial name Cyprinodon nevadensis(C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1889) Subspecies C. n. nevadensis C. n. amargosae C. n. mionectes C. n. pector...

Overview of television in Ukraine This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (April 2022) Television has a long history in Ukraine, where regular television broadcasting started during the Soviet years in 1951. However the first ever TV broadcast took place on 1 February 1939 in Kyiv. Since then TV broadcasting has expanded, particularly after the fall of Communism in 1989, and now there are many different channel...

American judge (1878–1970) George Austin WelshSenior Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of PennsylvaniaIn officeAugust 29, 1957 – October 22, 1970Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of PennsylvaniaIn officeMay 20, 1932 – August 29, 1957Appointed byHerbert HooverPreceded byJoseph Whitaker ThompsonSucceeded byThomas C. EganMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Pennsylvania's 6th district...

Film subgenre Rape and revengeYears active1970s - presentCountryInternational; started in Sweden and AmericaMajor figuresIrréversible, Promising Young Woman, The Virgin SpringInfluencesEuropean art cinema, Exploitation filmInfluencedFeminist film, New French Extremity Rape and revenge, or revenge rape, is a film subgenre used in black comedy, horror, thriller, and vigilante films, all of which bear great similarities to the subgenre, which is characterized by violent revenge for crimes commi...

This article is an orphan, as no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; try the Find link tool for suggestions. (July 2023) RestaurantMary Street BakeryRestaurant informationWebsitehttps://www.marystreetbakery.com.au/ Mary Street Bakery is a chain store bakery and cafe located in Western Australia.[1][2][3] Description The venue has been described as a 'Perth institution' by The West Australian.[4] It is well known...

6e cérémonie des César César du cinéma Organisé par l'Académie des arts et techniques du cinéma Détails Date 31 janvier 1981 Lieu Salle Pleyel, Paris France Présentateur Pierre Tchernia Diffusé sur Antenne 2 Site web www.academie-cinema.org Résumé Meilleur film Le Dernier Métro Meilleur réalisateur François TruffautLe Dernier Métro Meilleur acteur Gérard DepardieuLe Dernier Métro Meilleure actrice Catherine DeneuveLe Dernier Métro Chronologie 5e cérémonie des C...

Parliamentary democratic republic This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Politics of Lebanon – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Lebanese Republic الجمهورية اللبنانية (Arabic)Al-Jumhūrīyah al-Lubnānī...

20th episode of the 2nd season of The Simpsons The War of the SimpsonsThe Simpsons episodeEpisode no.Season 2Episode 20Directed byMark KirklandWritten byJohn SwartzwelderProduction code7F20Original air dateMay 2, 1991 (1991-05-02)Episode featuresChalkboard gagI will not do anything bad ever againCouch gagHomer squeezes everyone off the couch one by one until he has the couch all to himself.CommentaryMatt GroeningMike ReissMark Kirkland Episode chronology ← PreviousL...

The Sims 2Informasi produksiPengembangMaxisPenerbitElectronic Arts[a]PengarahCharles LondonProduserJonathan KnightMargaret NgPemrogramDavid GregoryMatthew M. BrownSenimanDavid PatchGoopy RossiLeo HourvitzKomponisMark Mothersbaugh Data permainanSeriThe SimsMesinCustomPlatformMicrosoft Windows, macOS, Game Boy Advance, GameCube, Nintendo DS, PlayStation 2, Xbox, PlayStation Portable, Java MEGenrePermainan simulasi kehidupanModePemain tunggal, Pemain jamak PerilisanTanggal rilisMicrosoft...

British TV drama series (2017 & 2020) LiarGenreDramaMysteryThrillerCreated by Harry Williams Jack Williams Starring Joanne Froggatt Ioan Gruffudd Zoë Tapper Warren Brown Richie Campbell Jamie Flatters Shelley Conn Danny Webb Katherine Kelly Composers Glenn Gregory Berenice Scott Country of originUnited KingdomOriginal languageEnglishNo. of series2No. of episodes12ProductionExecutive producers Harry Williams Jack Williams James Strong ProducerEliza MellorCinematographyMatt Gray BSCRunning...

Dutch politician (1971–2020) Kartika Liotard Kartika Tamara Liotard (June 26, 1971 – August 1, 2020)[1] was a Dutch politician who served as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since 2004. She was formerly a member of the Socialist Party, was vice-chair of the EUL–NGL group, and sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development. She was also a substitute member of the Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality, the Committee on the Enviro...