Penelope (mitologia)

Penelope (mitologia)
Greziar mitologia
Ezaugarriak
Sexuaemakumezkoa
Familia
AitaIcarius of Sparta (en) Itzuli
AmaPeriboea (en) Itzuli eta Polycaste (en) Itzuli
Ezkontidea(k)Odiseo eta Telegonus (en) Itzuli
Seme-alabakPoliporthes (en) Itzuli, Italus (en) Itzuli, Arcesilaos (en) Itzuli eta Telemako
Anai-arrebakThoon (en) Itzuli

Penelope[1] (grezieraz Πηνελοπεια) Odiseako pertsonaia bat da, Homerori ematen zaizkion bi olerki epiko handietako bat (bestea Iliada). Penelope, istorio honetako pertsonaia nagusi den Odiseo edo Ulises, Itakako erregearen emaztea da. Penelope, hogei urtez zain geratzen da bere senarra Troiatik itzuli arte. Arrazoi honegatik, egundaino, ezkon leialtasun ikurtzat hartzen da. Bere senarra kanpoan den bitartean, Peneloperi ezkongai mordoa agertzen zaio. Bere senarra ez dagoen bitartean bere kastitatea mantentzeko, ideia bat burutzen du.[http://webs.ucm.es/info/amaltea/revista/cero/15_Manas.pdf 1] Ezkongaiei, Odiseoren desagerpena onartu, eta ondorioz, beste batekin ezkontzea promes egin zien lanean ari zen krobitxet bat ehuntzen amaitzen zuenean, Laertes errege ohia hiltzen zenerako. Ehun hau ahal den denbora gehien lanean izateko, gauez, egunez egindakoa desegin zuen, eta honela jasaten ditu 20 urte horiek. Justu Odiseo etxera heltzen denean, Penelopek bere lana amaitzen du eta Odiseok ezkongaiak hiltzen ditu, bere emaztearen ondoan geratuz.[2]

Peneloperi buruzko beste elezahar batzuk

Badaude zenbait elezahar, Odiseo Itakara itzuli ondoren gertatu zena kontatzen dutenak, laburpen motzetan bilduak Apolodoro Atenaskoaren Liburutegi Mitologikoan.[3][4][5]

  • Horietako batean, Odiseo, tesprotiarren herrialdera joan zen, Tiresiasek esandako sakrifizioak egitera (Odisea, XI), non Kalidize erreginarekin ezkonduta amaitu zuen. Baina, Kalidize hil zenean, Itakara itzuli zen, non Penelopek Poliportes erditu zuen. Beranduago, Telegonok, Zirtze eta Odiseoren semea, Itakara heldu eta Odiseo hil zuen (hiltzen ari zena bere aita zela jakin gabe) leiha batean, baina, ezagutu ondoren, gertatutakoaz damutu eta Odiseoren gorpa eta Penelope, Zirtzeren ondora eraman zituen, non Telegono Peneloperekin ezkondu zen, eta Telemako Zirtzerekin, honek, Telemako eta Penelope hilezkor bihurtuz.
  • Beste bertsio batek dio Penelope, Antinoo izeneko ezkongai batek liluratu zuela; horregatik, Odiseok, haren aita Ikariogana itzuli zuela; eta gainera, ondoren, Hermesekin, Pan jainkoaren ama izan zela.
  • Beste elezahar batek dio Antinoo izeneko beste ezkongai batek liluratu zuela; eta, horregatik, Odiseok hil zuela.

Erreferentziak

  1. Euskaltzaindiaren 82. araua: Grezia eta Erromako pertsonaia mitologikoak
  2. Ruth Piquer Sanclemente. PENÉLOPE y el tejido del tiempo. XVI Seminario de Arqueología Clásica, UCM.
  3. (Gaztelaniaz) «Penélope (personaje de La Odisea) - EcuRed» www.ecured.cu (Noiz kontsultatua: 2020-05-04).
  4. (Ingelesez) «Apollodorus, Epitome, book E, chapter 3» www.perseus.tufts.edu (Noiz kontsultatua: 2020-05-11).
  5. Txantiloi:GR «Apollodorus, Epitome, book E, chapter 3» www.perseus.tufts.edu (Noiz kontsultatua: 2020-05-11).

Kanpo estekak


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