Nasogastraalsond

Nasogastraalsond

Nasogastraalsond ehk NG sond on umbes 120 cm pikk nina kaudu makku kulgev peenike õõnes toru, mille abil on võimalik patsienti toita, ravimeid manustada või magu tühjendada.[1][2]

Nasogastraalsondi abil hoitakse magu tühjana, ühendades selle aspiraatoriga või ühekordse kogumiskotiga. [1]

Nasogastraalsondi kasutamine

NG sondiga toitmine

Nasogastraalsondiga toidetakse siis, kui

  • suu kaudu söömine ei õnnestu (näiteks isutus, iiveldus, teadvusetus);
  • patsiendil on tõusnud toitainete vajadus, mida ei ole võimalik kätte saada suukaudselt toiduga (põhjuseks põletused, trauma, sepsis ja vähk);
  • toitainetevarud on vähenenud ja kaal on kiiresti langenud.

NG sondiga toitmiseks tilgutatakse toitesegu sondi või kasutatakse toitmispumpa, mis võimaldab ühtlast tilkumiskiirust.[1]

NG sondiga mao tühjendamine

Nasogastraalsondiga tühjendatakse magu, kui ilmneb oksendamine, patsiendi magu on opereeritud või söögitoru on vigastatud.[1]

NG sondiga ravimite manustamine

Suu kaudu manustatavad ravimid antakse toitmissondi kaudu, kui patsient ei ole võimeline neid neelama. Tabletid peenestatakse ja lahustatakse vees.[1]

Ohud ja tüsistused

Peamised nasogastraalsondiga kaasnevad ohud ja tüsistused:

  • sondi ummistumine;
  • limaskestade kahjustus;
  • aspiratsioon;
  • Dumping-sündroom;
  • soolestiku spasmid;
  • kõhulahtisus;
  • kõhukinnisus;
  • oksendamine;
  • kõrge vererõhk;
  • asoteemia;
  • vedelikupeetus ja tursed;
  • ninaõõne vigastus ja verejooks;
  • lamatised.[1]

Nasogastraalsondi puudused

Nasogastraalsondiga saab manustada patsiendile ainult vedelat toitu. Sond võib tekitada valuaistingut neelus ja põletikku nina kõrvalurgetes. Sondi kasutamist peab vältima, kui söögitorus on laialdased vigastused.[1]

Viited

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 Ansa Iivanainen, Mari Jauhiainen, Pirjo Pikkarainen (2003). Õendusoskused. Tallinn: AS Medicina. Lk 239-248.{{raamatuviide}}: CS1 hooldus: mitu nime: autorite loend (link)
  2. ↑ Jane Freimann, Liina Raal. "Intensiivravi osakonna infoleht patsiendi lähedastele" (PDF). Kliinikum.ee. Vaadatud 06.04.2019.

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