Frederick Douglass

Frederick Douglass (umbes 1879)

Frederick Douglass (sünninimega Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey; veebruar 1817 või 1818 Talboti maakond, Marylandi osariik – 20. veebruar 1895 Washington) oli afroameeriklasest abolitsionist, kirjanik, kõne- ja riigimees. Ta oli 19. sajandi üks tuntumaid orjusevastaseid.

Ta sündis orjana. Ta eraldati oma emast imikuna. Kuni kuueaastaseks saamiseni kasvatas teda vanaema. Noorena töötas ta koduteenijana Baltimore'is, kus ta õppis lugema. 16-aastaselt töötas ta istanduses. Aastal 1838 põgenes ta New Yorki ja sealt Massachusettsi osariigis asuvasse New Bedfordi, kus muutis oma nime, et teda ei tabataks. Aastal 1841 toimunud orjusevastaste kokkutulekul antud kõne innustas teda liituma orjusevastase seltsiga.[1]

Aastal 1845 ilmus tema autobiograafia "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave". Vältimaks oma peremehe kätte langemist, keda oli jutustuses mainitud, suundus Douglass Inglismaale ja Iirimaale (1845–1847). Pärast Ameerikasse naasmist oli tal võimalus ennast vabaks osta. Ta hakkas välja andma orjusevastast ajalehte "North Star", mida ta avaldas New Yorgi osariigis Rochesteris kuni 1860. aastani. Aastal 1851 lahknesid tema arvamused radikaalse abolitsionisti William Lloyd Garrisoniga ning ta liitus James G. Birney juhitud mõõdukatega.[1]

Hiljem toetas ta naiste valimisõigust ja mustanahaliste õigusi ning töötas aastatel 1889–1891 Ameerika Ühendriikide suursaadikuna Haitis.

Viited

  1. 1,0 1,1 Britannica Concise Encyclopedia. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. 2008. Lk lk 568. ISBN 1-593394-92-6.

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