Veratrum viride

Falso eléboro verde
Taxonomía
Reino: Plantae
División: Magnoliophyta
Clase: Liliopsida
Orden: Liliales
Familia: Melanthiaceae
Género: Veratrum
Especie: Veratrum viride
Aiton

El falso eléboro verde es una planta perenne que crece de un pequeño rizoma que lanza unas hojas espectaculares. Se conoce que es extremadamente tóxico y por esta razón es considerada planta parásita por los agricultores.[1][2][3]

Ilustración
Vista de la planta

Descripción

Es una planta herbácea perenne que alcanza un tamaño de 0,7-2 m de altura, con un tallo verde. Las hojas están dispuestas en espiral, de 10-35 cm de largo y 5-20 cm de ancho, elípticas a lanceoladas amplias que terminan en un punto corto, fuertemente nervada y peluda en la parte inferior. Las flores son numerosas, producidas en una gran ramificada inflorescencia de 30-70 cm de altura; cada flor es de 5-12 mm de largo, con seis tépalos verdes a amarillo-verde. El fruto es una cápsula de 1,5 a 3 cm de largo, que se divide en tres secciones en la madurez para liberar las numerosas semillas plana de 8-10 mm de diámetro. La planta se reproduce a través de rizoma de crecimiento, así como por semillas.[1][4][5][6]

Distribución

Crece en áreas húmedas de bosques desde Alaska a California norteña y Montañas Rocosas. En el este están presentes desde Georgia a Labrador.

Propiedades

  • Planta altamente tóxica que puede causar la muerte.
  • Utilizada por los nativos en tratamientos externos.

Taxonomía

Veratrum viride fue descrita por William Aiton y publicado en Hortus Kewensis; or, a catalogue . . . 3: 422. 1789.[7]

Etimología

Veratrum: nombre genérico que deriva del latín y significa "raíces oscuras" y también el antiguo nombre de Helleborus.[8]

viride: epíteto latíno que significa "de color verde"

Variedad aceptada
Sinonimia
  • Helonias viridis (Aiton) Ker Gawl.
  • Veratrum viride var. viride[9]

Referencias

  1. a b Flora of North America: Veratrum viride
  2. USDA Plants Profile: Veratrum viride
  3. Germplasm Resources Information Network: Veratrum viride Archivado el 24 de septiembre de 2015 en Wayback Machine.
  4. Plants of British Columbia: Veratrum viride Archivado el 1 de julio de 2015 en Wayback Machine.
  5. Jepson Flora Veratrum viride
  6. Columbia River Gorge plants: Green False Hellebore
  7. «Veratrum viride». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultado el 2 de agosto de 2015. 
  8. En Nombres Botánicos
  9. «Veratrum viride». The Plant List. Consultado el 2 de agosto de 2015. 

Enlaces externos



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