Idioma karayá

Karayá, Karajá, Carajá
Hablado en BrasilBandera de Brasil Brasil
Región Río Araguaia
Hablantes c. 3600 (1999)
Puesto No en los 100 mayores (Ethnologue, 2013)
Familia

Macro-yê (?)

 Karayá
Códigos
ISO 639-3 kpj

El karayá o ynã (también llamado karajá o carajá) es una lengua indígena hablada por unos 3600 miembros de la etnia Karajá en unas 30 aldeas en Brasil central. Existen diversas variantes o dialectos: karajá septentrional, karajá meridional, xambioá y javaé. Existe un estilo especial para el habla de los hombres y otro para el habla de las mujeres; siendo una de las principales diferencias que los hombres eliden el sonido /k/, que las mujeres si pronuncian.

Descripción lingüística

Fonología

El karayá tiene nueve vocales orales /i e ɛ, ɨ ə a, u o ɔ/ y dos vocales nasales /ə̃ õ/. /a/ se nasaliza al inicio de palabra cuando va precedida por /h/ o una oclusiva sonoa: /aθi/[ãθi] 'hierba, pasto', /ɔha/[ɔhã] 'armadillo'; secundariamente este proceso nasaliza una /b/ o una /d/ que la precedan: /bahadu/[mãhãdu] 'grupo', /dadi/[nãdi] 'mi madre'.

En cuanto al sistema consonántico, este está formado por solo 12 consonantes, de las cuales dos tercios son consonantes coronales:

Labial Alveolar Post-
alveolar
Velar Glotal
obs. no-continua sorda k
obs. no-continua sonora b (~m) d (~n)
implosiva ɗ
fricativa θ ʃ h
aproximante w l, ɾ

Habla de hombres y mujeres

El karayá es una de las lenguas donde existen diferencias sistemáticas entre el dialecto de los hombres y el dialecto de las mujeres, el siguiente cuadro comparativo muestra algunas diferencias:

Mujeres Hombres GLOSA
kɔɗu ɔɗu 'tortuga'
kɔlukɔ ɔluɔ 'piercing labial'
kaɾitʃakɾe aɾiakɾe 'caminaré'*
bɛɾaku beɾo 'río'
adõda aõda 'cosa'
dõbĩku dõbĩu 'Domingo'
(présamo del portugués)

* The /itʃa/ deriva históricamente de *ika

Gramática

El karayá es una en el que el orden preferente del verbo va al final de la frase. Como la mayoría de lenguas macro-yê tiene una morfología nominal muy simple y una morfología verbal sólo un poco más compleja, que incluye la incorporación nominal. La conjungación verbal incluye direccionales así como marcas de persona sujeto, modo, persona objeto y voz.

Bibliografía

  • Ribeiro, Eduardo Rivail. (2002) "Direction in Karajá". In Rosa María Ortiz Ciscomani, ed., Vi encuentro internacional de lingüística en el noroeste.
  • Ribeiro. (2000) "[ATR] vowel harmony and palatalization in Karajá". Santa Barbara Papers in Linguistics. 10: Proceedings of wail 2000. pp. 80–89.

Enlaces externos

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