Zephyr (1790 ship)

For other ships with the same name, see Zephyr (ship).

History
Great Britain
Name	Zephyr
Owner	Kensington & Co.[1]
Builder	Thames
Launched	1790
Captured	1798
General characteristics
Tons burthen	286,[2][1] or 300[3] (bm)
Propulsion	Sail
Complement	18[3]
Armament	1793:8 × 6-pounder guns + 2 swivel guns[3] 1797:10 × 6-pounder + 2 × 12-pounder guns[4]

Zephyr was built on the River Thames in 1790 as a West Indiaman. From c.1796 she started to serve the British East India Company (EIC) as a packet ship. However, a French privateer captured her in 1798.

Career

Zephyr entered Lloyd's Register in 1791 with T. Scott, master, and trade London-St Vincent.^[2]

After the commencement of the French Revolutionary Wars in 1793, Captain Thomas Scott received a letter of marque on 9 March.^[3]

On 30 December 1795, Messrs. St Barbe, Green, and Bignell offered Zephyr, and another brig, Aurora, to the Committee of Shipping of the EIC.^[5] The next day the Committee replied that as the EIC had decided not to engage any vessels of under 400 tons burthen, it would decline the offer.^[6]

Lloyd's List reported on 11 October 1796 that Zephyr had arrived at Dover from Demerara. As she arrived in English waters she saw a brig founder at Lands End.^[7]

The next year the EIC reversed its earlier policy and engaged Zephyr as a packet. Lloyd's Register for 1797 shows her trade changing from Cork—San Domingo to London—East India.^[4]

Loss

On 20 February 1798 as Zephyr was returning to Britain from Bengal and the Cape of Good Hope, the French privateer Vengeance captured her at 45°35′N 37°10′W. Zephyr, which was under the command of Captain John Scott, was no match for Vengeance, which was armed with 24 guns and had a crew of 215 men.^[a] Vengeance sent Zephyr into Bordeaux.^[9] The EIC valued its cargo on Zephyr at £2,554.^[10]

Notes

1. Vengeance was 300-ton (French; "of load"), 20-gun privateer corvette commissioned in Bordeaux in October 1797. Her first cruise started in October 1797. Second cruise, Captain Limousin, with 5 officers and 74 men, lasted from circa August 1798 to circa February 1799. Her third cruise took place in 1800 under a Captain Grandier.^[8]

Citations

1. Hackman (2001), p. 246.
2. Lloyd's Register Seq.№Z16.
3. "Letter of Marque, p.93 - accessed 25 July 2017" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
4. Lloyd's Register (1797), Seq. №Z18.
5. Proceedings..., p.943.
6. Proceedings..., pp.816-7.
7. Lloyd's List №2862.
8. Demerliac (1999), p. 270, N°2373.
9. Lloyd's List №2998.
10. House of Commons (1830), p. 977.

References

• Demerliac, Alain (1999). La Marine de la Révolution: Nomenclature des Navires Français de 1792 á 1799 (in French). Éditions Ancre. ISBN 2-906381-24-1.
• Hackman, Rowan (2001). Ships of the East India Company. Gravesend, Kent: World Ship Society. ISBN 0-905617-96-7.
• House of Commons, Parliament, Great Britain (1830). Reports from the Select Committee of the House of Commons appointed to enquire into the present state of the affairs of the East India Company, together with the minutes of evidence, an appendix of documents, and a general index. Vol. 2. Printed by order of the honourable court of directors, by J.L. Cox.
• Proceedings Relative to Ships Tendered for the Service of the United East-India Company, from the Twenty-sixth of March, 1794, to the Sixth of January, 1795: With an Appendix.