Yanling County, Henan

Yanling County
鄢陵县
Yenling
County
Yanling in Xuchang
Yanling in Xuchang
Xuchang in Henan
Xuchang in Henan
Coordinates: 34°06′07″N 114°10′37″E / 34.102°N 114.177°E / 34.102; 114.177
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHenan
Prefecture-level cityXuchang
Towns12
Area
[1][2][3]
 • Total
866 km2 (334 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)[4]
 • Total
574,100
 • Density660/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
461200
Websitewww.yanling.gov.cn (in Chinese)

Yanling County (simplified Chinese: 鄢陵县; traditional Chinese: 鄢陵縣; pinyin: Yānlíng Xiàn) is a county in the central part of Henan province, China. It is the easternmost county-level division of the prefecture-level city of Xuchang.

History

Historical map including Yanling (labeled as YEN-LING 鄢陵) and surrounding region (AMS, 1954)

Human habitation of the area began around 6000 BC.[1][better source needed]

In the early Zhou dynasty, the area became the state of Yan (鄢國).[1][2]

In the Eastern Zhou dynasty, the area became known as Yan Yi (鄢邑) after the destruction of the state of Yan under Duke Wu of Zheng (鄭武公)[1][2] in the early part of the reign of King Ping of Zhou (after 770 BC).[5]

In the fifth month of 722 BC, Duke Zhuang of Zheng defeated his younger brother Gongshu Duan (共叔段) north of present-day Yanling County.[1][2][6][7]

The famous Battle of Yanling (575 BC) took place in Yanling County.

Yanling County was established during the Western Han dynasty in the year 201 BC.[1][2][8]

In 2014, six men in Yanling County were fined 2,000 yuan each for their roles in catching 1,689 wild geckos in Zhangqiao.[9]

Administrative divisions

The county is made up of twelve towns:[8][10][11]

Towns:

Climate

Climate data for Yanling (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 18.8
(65.8) 		23.7
(74.7) 		29.3
(84.7) 		32.8
(91.0) 		38.7
(101.7) 		40.5
(104.9) 		40.7
(105.3) 		37.6
(99.7) 		36.3
(97.3) 		35.6
(96.1) 		27.8
(82.0) 		20.5
(68.9) 		40.7
(105.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 6.0
(42.8) 		9.8
(49.6) 		15.4
(59.7) 		21.7
(71.1) 		27.2
(81.0) 		32.0
(89.6) 		32.2
(90.0) 		30.7
(87.3) 		27.0
(80.6) 		22.1
(71.8) 		14.5
(58.1) 		8.1
(46.6) 		20.6
(69.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.5
(32.9) 		3.9
(39.0) 		9.3
(48.7) 		15.4
(59.7) 		21.0
(69.8) 		25.7
(78.3) 		27.3
(81.1) 		25.8
(78.4) 		21.2
(70.2) 		15.5
(59.9) 		8.4
(47.1) 		2.4
(36.3) 		14.7
(58.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −3.8
(25.2) 		−0.8
(30.6) 		4.0
(39.2) 		9.6
(49.3) 		15.3
(59.5) 		20.3
(68.5) 		23.3
(73.9) 		22.1
(71.8) 		16.8
(62.2) 		10.5
(50.9) 		3.5
(38.3) 		−1.9
(28.6) 		9.9
(49.8)
Record low °C (°F) −17.7
(0.1) 		−17.9
(−0.2) 		−8.4
(16.9) 		−1.9
(28.6) 		2.2
(36.0) 		11.1
(52.0) 		16.8
(62.2) 		12.1
(53.8) 		6.4
(43.5) 		−1.6
(29.1) 		−16.4
(2.5) 		−15.4
(4.3) 		−17.9
(−0.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 12.7
(0.50) 		16.4
(0.65) 		27.2
(1.07) 		41.4
(1.63) 		65.8
(2.59) 		89.0
(3.50) 		172.2
(6.78) 		134.5
(5.30) 		82.1
(3.23) 		42.7
(1.68) 		33.0
(1.30) 		12.6
(0.50) 		729.6
(28.73)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 4.3 5.1 5.6 6.0 7.8 7.7 11.3 11.0 8.7 6.5 6.1 3.8 83.9
Average snowy days 3.6 3.1 1.2 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.1 2.3 11.4
Average relative humidity (%) 67 66 66 70 70 68 81 85 80 74 72 68 72
Mean monthly sunshine hours 121.8 132.1 171.3 199.8 212.0 195.8 188.2 173.2 157.7 149.2 134.7 127.6 1,963.4
Percent possible sunshine 39 42 46 51 49 45 43 42 43 43 44 42 44
Source: China Meteorological Administration[14][15]

Economy

The county's primary agricultural products include wheat, beans, sweet potatoes, cotton and tobacco among others.[2] The county is known for growing flowers which began during the Tang dynasty and flourished during the Song dynasty.[1][16] The county is therefore known as 'Flower County' (花县, or also 花都 and 花乡).[1][2] Industries in the county include machinery manufacturing, fertilizer, concrete and wine making among others.[2]

In 2017, the value of the county's output in the flower and plant industry reached 7.1 billion yuan (1.03 billion U.S. dollars).[17][better source needed]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
2000564,477—    
2010551,611−0.23%
[3][8]

The population of the county decreased between the 2000 census and 2010 census.

Transportation

People from Yanling County

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h 鄢陵概况 [Yanling Overview]. 鄢陵人民政府网 (in Simplified Chinese). 2 May 2018. Retrieved 4 January 2019. 鄢陵县隶属河南省许昌市，现辖12个镇，386个行政村（社区），总人口66.7万人，总面积866平方公里（耕地99.6万亩）。{...}早在8000年前，先民们便开始在此繁衍生息，周初封为鄢国，东周改称鄢邑，汉初置县。郑伯克段于鄢、晋楚鄢陵之战、唐雎不辱使命等事件均发生于此。{...}鄢陵是"南花北移、北花南迁"的天然驯化基地，花木栽培始于唐、兴于宋，素有"花都""花乡"的美称，享有"鄢陵蜡梅冠天下"的盛誉。
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h 夏征农; 陈至立, eds. (September 2009). 辞海：第六版彩图本 [Cihai (Sixth Edition in Color)] (in Chinese). 上海. Shanghai: 上海辞书出版社. Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House. p. 2632. ISBN 9787532628599. 鄢（yān）1古国名、邑名。西周封国。妘姓，在今河南鄢陵西北。春秋初被郑武公灭后为郑邑。《春秋》隐公元年（公元前722年）："郑伯克段于鄢。"即此。后改称鄢陵。{...}面积866平方千米。{...}西汉置县。{...}农产以小麦、大豆、甘薯、棉花、烟草等为主，并产花卉，有"花县"之称。工业有机械、化肥、水泥、酿酒等。
  3. ^ a b 许昌市历史沿革 [Xuchang City Historical Evolution] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 19 December 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2020. 1996年，鄢陵县面积871.6平方千米{...}2000年第五次人口普查，许昌市常住总人口4124086人，其中，魏都区373387人，许昌县737384人，鄢陵县564477人，襄城县679863人，禹州市1122669人，长葛市646306人。{...}2010年第六次人口普查，许昌市常住总人口4307488人，其中，魏都区498087人，许昌县767449人，鄢陵县551611人，襄城县671315人，禹州市1131896人，长葛市687130人。
  4. ^ 最新人口信息 www.hongheiku.com (in Chinese). hongheiku. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
  5. ^ 靳蓉鏡, ed. (1936). File:鄢陵縣志 - 民國二十五年 (1936) - 卷00-15.pdf [File: Yanling County Annals - 25th year of the Republic (1936) Chapter 00-15.pdf] (in Traditional Chinese). p. 37 – via Wikimedia Commons. 平王初鄭武功滅鄢
  6. ^ 新譯古文觀止（增訂五版） [New Translation of Guwen Guanzhi (Expanded and Revised, 5th edition)] (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Translated by Hsieh Ping-ying, Hsiao-yu Chang (張孝裕) (5 ed.). Taipei: San Min Book Co., Ltd. 2012. pp. 1, 2. ISBN 978-957-14-5607-2. 鄭伯克段于鄢{...}鄢，鄭國邑名，在今河南鄢陵北。
  7. ^ Stephen Durrant, Wai-yee Li, David Schaberg (2016). Zuo Tradition / Zuozhuan: Commentary on the "Spring and Autumn Annals". University of Washington Press. pp. 6, 7. ISBN 9780295806730 – via Google Books. 6 Yan 鄢 was located north of present-day Yanling County 鄢陵縣, Henan.{...}LORD YIN 1 (722 BCE) ANNALS{...}In summer, in the fifth month, the Liege of Zheng overcame Duan (Gongshu Duan) at Yan.6{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ a b c 鄢陵县历史沿革 [Yanling County Historical Evolution] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 20 August 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2020. 西汉高祖六年（公元前201）置鄢陵县。{...}2000年第五次人口普查，鄢陵县总人口564477人，{...}2012年，大马乡、陶城乡、张桥乡撤乡设镇。调整后，全县辖8个镇、4个乡：安陵镇、马栏镇、柏梁镇、陈化店镇、望田镇、大马镇、陶城镇、张桥镇、南坞乡、只乐乡、彭店乡、马坊乡。
  9. ^ Zhuang Pinghui (22 December 2014). "Chinese men fined for catching almost 1,700 protected wild geckos in one night". South China Morning Post. Beijing. Retrieved 4 January 2020.
  10. ^ 乡镇政府 [Township-level Division Governments]. 鄢陵人民政府网 (in Simplified Chinese). Retrieved 4 January 2020. 大马镇{...}马坊镇{...}只乐镇{...}安陵镇{...}望田镇{...}陶城镇{...}陈化店镇{...}彭店镇{...}柏梁镇{...}南坞镇{...}张桥镇{...}马栏镇
  11. ^ 2018年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：鄢陵县 [2018 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Yanling County] (in Simplified Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2018. Retrieved 4 January 2020. 统计用区划代码 名称 411024100000 安陵镇 411024101000 马栏镇 411024102000 柏梁镇 411024103000 陈化店镇 411024104000 望田镇 411024105000 大马镇 411024106000 陶城镇 411024107000 张桥镇 411024108000 彭店镇 411024109000 只乐镇 411024110000 南坞镇 411024111000 马坊镇
  12. ^ "NI 50-5 K'AI-FENG" (in English and Chinese). Washington, D. C.: Army Map Service. July 1958 – via Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection. Ma-lan-chen
  13. ^ a b "NI 50-9 HUAI-YANG" (in English and Chinese). Washington, D. C.: Army Map Service. January 1965 – via Perry–Castañeda Library Map Collection. Chih-lo-chi{...}Chang-ch'iao 張橋{...}T'ao-ch'eng 陶城
  14. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  15. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  16. ^ 王玉燕 (15 August 2019). 美都鄢陵縣 美哉花博園 [Beautiful City Yanling County Beautiful Flower Expo Park]. United Daily News (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 4 January 2020. 許昌是大陸花木之鄉，有1千多年的種花歷史；其轄下鄢陵縣，素有「花都」美譽，花木產業歷史悠久，古有「鄢陵蠟梅冠天下」，今有「江北花卉數鄢陵」。
  17. ^ Liangyu, ed. (5 October 2018). "Flower and plant industry boosts rural economy in China's Henan". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on October 5, 2018. Retrieved 4 January 2020.

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