Dickinson was born near Nashville, Tennessee, in 1931,[4] and grew up in Travellers Rest, a historic plantation house built by his great-great-grandfather Judge John Overton in 1799.[5] Dickinson's family operated an Arabian horse farm on the property until 1946, when they relocated the family and horse farm to Santa Barbara, California. Dickinson's experience as a young adult riding on horseback through the nearby Santa Ynez Mountains, and observing the geography, inspired his interest in geology. Dickinson enrolled at Stanford University in 1948, and graduated with a Bachelor's of Science in petroleum engineering in 1952 and a Ph.D in geology in 1958.[5]
Dickinson's research includes studying the potsherds (historic or prehistoric fragments of pottery) of Pacific Oceana. Over the years, he visited hundreds of Pacific Islands collecting and dating sherds.
In later life, Dickinson resided in Tucson, Arizona, where he continued to do research and teach at the University of Arizona. He died on July 21, 2015, while on a field expedition to Nuku'alofa, Tonga.[6]