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William Donn de Burgh,
3rd Earl of Ulster
William Donn de Burgh,; 3rd Earl of Ulster
Uilleag Donn de Búrca
	Arms of William Donn de Burgh:; Or, a cross gules.
Lieutenant of Ireland
	In office; 3 March 1331 – 5 November 1331
Preceded by	John Darcy
Succeeded by	Anthony de Lucy
Personal details
Born	13 September 1312
Died	6 June 1333 (aged 20)
Spouse	Maud of Lancaster
Children	Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster
Parent(s)	John de Burgh; Elizabeth de Clare

William de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster and 4th Baron of Connaught (English: /dəˈbɜːr/ də-BUR; 17 September 1312 – 6 June 1333) was an Irish noble who was Lieutenant of Ireland (1331) and whose murder, aged 20, led to the Burke Civil War.

Background

The grandson of the 2nd Earl Richard Óg de Burgh via his second son, John, William de Burgh was also Lord of Connaught in Ireland, and held the manor of Clare, Suffolk.

He was summoned to Parliament from 10 December 1327 to 15 June 1328 by writs addressed to Willelmo de Burgh. He is considered the first Baron Burgh. In March 1331 he was appointed Lieutenant of Ireland, serving until November 1331.^[2]

Marriage and issue

The 3rd Earl of Ulster married, before 16 November 1327 (by a Papal Dispensation dated 1 May 1327), Maud of Lancaster, daughter of Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and Maud Chaworth. They had one surviving child, Elizabeth, who was 13 months old when her father was murdered.

She married Lionel of Antwerp, third son of Edward III of England.

Maud remarried to Sir Ralph Ufford, Justiciar of Ireland 1344–46, and had further issue. She was said to have had great influence over her second husband.

Murder

In February 1332, at Greencastle, near the mouth of Lough Foyle, he had his cousin Sir Walter Liath de Burgh starved to death. In revenge, Sir Walter's sister, Gylle de Burgh, wife of Sir Richard de Mandeville, planned his assassination.

In June 1333, he was killed by de Mandeville, Sir John de Logan, and others. His widow, Maud (or Matilda), offered a reward for the capture of de Mandeville and his wife.^[3]

The Annals of the Four Masters noted that

"William Burke, Earl of Ulster, was killed by the English of Ulster. The Englishmen who committed this deed were put to death, in divers ways, by the people of the King of England; some were hanged, others killed, and others torn asunder, in revenge of his death."^[4]

Maud fled to England, where she remarried, was again widowed in 1346, and then became an Augustinian canoness at Campsey Priory in Suffolk, where she is buried. Upon his death, the various factions of the de Burghs, now called Burke, began the Burke Civil War for supremacy.^[5]

Ancestry

Ancestors of William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster

8. Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster

4. Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster

9. Aveline FitzGeoffrey

2. John de Burgh

10. Sir John de Burgh

5. Margaret de Burgh

11. Hawise of Lanvaley

1. William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster

12. Richard de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford

6. Gilbert de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford

13. Maud de Lacy

3. Elizabeth de Clare

14. Edward I of England

7. Joan of Acre

15. Eleanor of Castile

References

Citations

^ Burke, Bernard (1884). The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time. University of California Libraries. London: Harrison & sons.
^ O'Mahony, Charles (1912). The Viceroys of Ireland. London: John Long Limited. p. 16.
^ "Close Rolls, Edward III: August 1337 Pages 151-172". British History Online. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
^ Annala Rioghachta Eireann: Annals of the kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters, from the earliest period to the year 1616. Edited from MSS in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy and of Trinity College Dublin with a translation and copious notes. Vol. 5. Translated by O'Donovan, John (1st ed.). 2016 [1851]. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
^ Frame, Robin (2004). "Burgh, William de, third earl of Ulster [called the Brown Earl] (1312–1333), magnate". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/4001. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 21 December 2021. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

Bibliography

Archer, Thomas Andrew (1886). "Burgh, William de" . In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 7. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
Burke, Bernard (1884). The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time. London: Harrison & sons.
O'Mahony, Charles (1912). The Viceroys of Ireland. London: John Long Limited.
Harbison, Sheelagh (1995), "Rindown Castle: a royal fortress in Co. Roscommon", Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society, 47
Hayden, Alan (1988), "Excavation on the line of the medieval town defences of Loughrea, Co. Galway", Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society, 41 JSTOR 25535575
Holland, Patrick (1993), "Anglo-Norman Galway; rectangular earthworks and moated sites", Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society, 46
Holland, Patrick (1988), "The Anglo-Normans in Co. Galway: the process of colonization", Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society, 41 JSTOR 25535573
Holland, Patrick (1997), "The Anglo-Norman landscape in County Galway; land-holdings, castles and settlements", Journal of the Galway Archaeological and Historical Society, 49
Knox, Hubert T. (1908). The History of the County of Mayo to the close of the sixteenth century. Dublin: Hodges, Figgis and Company.
MacLysaght, Edward (1978), The Surnames of Ireland, Dublin{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Moody, T. W.; Martin, F. X.; Byrne, F. J., eds. (1989). A New History of Ireland: IX: Maps, Genealogies, Lists, A Companion to Irish History, Part II. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-959306-4.
- Earls of Ulster and Lords of Connacht, 1205–1460 (De Burgh, De Lacy and Mortimer), p. 170.
O'Donovan, John (1843), The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many, commonly called O'Kelly's Country, Dublin: Irish Archaeological Society
Annala Rioghachta Eireann: Annals of the kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters, from the earliest period to the year 1616. Edited from MSS in the Library of the Royal Irish Academy and of Trinity College Dublin with a translation and copious notes. Vol. 5. Translated by O'Donovan, John (1st ed.). 2016 [1851]. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
Weiss, Frederick, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700, pp. Lines 73-30, 177B-8, 177B-9

External links

Annals of Ulster at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
Revised edition of McCarthy's synchronisms at Trinity College Dublin.

Government offices
Preceded by John Darcy	Lieutenant of Ireland 1331	Succeeded by Anthony de Lucy
Peerage of Ireland
Preceded by Richard Óg de Burgh	Earl of Ulster 1326–1333	Succeeded by Elizabeth de Burgh