White Walker

White Walker
A Song of Ice and Fire character
A White Walker with an ice sword, from Game of Thrones
A White Walker with an ice spear, from
Game of Thrones
First appearance
Last appearance
Created byGeorge R. R. Martin
Portrayed byVarious actors
In-universe information
AliasesThe Others
The Dead
TypeNon-human creature

White Walkers are humanoid creatures from the HBO television series Game of Thrones, and the George R. R. Martin novel series A Song of Ice and Fire on which it is based. Primarily referred to as the Others in the novels, White Walkers are a supernatural threat to mankind who dwell north of The Wall in Westeros.[1][2] The Verge named them among "the most visually iconic creatures on the show".[3] White Walkers are also featured in the show's merchandising.

Description

Martin introduces the Others in the prologue of A Game of Thrones (1996), describing them as "Tall ... and gaunt and hard as old bones, with flesh pale as milk" with eyes "deeper and bluer than any human eyes, a blue that burned like ice". Accompanied by intense cold, they wear armor that "seemed to change color as it moved", and wield thin crystal swords capable of shattering steel. The Others move silently, and they speak their own language; Martin writes that their voices are "like the cracking of ice on a winter lake".[4] In A Storm of Swords (2000), they are shown to be vulnerable to weapons made of dragonglass (obsidian),[5] as Samwell Tarly kills one this way:

The Other's armor was running down its legs in rivulets as pale blue blood hissed and steamed around the black dragonglass dagger in its throat ... where its fingers touched the obsidian they smoked ... the Other shrank and puddled, dissolving away. In twenty heartbeats its flesh was gone, swirling away in a fine white mist. Beneath were bones like milkglass, pale and shiny, and they were melting too. Finally only the dragonglass dagger remained, wreathed in steam ... Grenn bent to scoop it up and flung it down again at once. "Mother, that’s cold."[5]

In A Dance with Dragons (2011), Sam uncovers ancient record fragments which suggest that the Others are also vulnerable to something called "dragonsteel", which he and Jon Snow surmise is another term for Valyrian steel.[6]

Creatures killed by the Others soon reanimate as wights: undead with pallid skin, black hands, and glowing blue eyes similar to the Others'.[4][7] Dragonglass has no effect on wights in the books (though it kills them in the TV series).[8] Although wights can be physically injured, even dismembered parts will remain animated, but they can be destroyed by fire.[7][8] The humans who live in the north beyond the Wall—called "wildlings" by the inhabitants of Westeros—burn their dead so they will not become wights.[9] Wildlings call the Others "White Walkers", unlike others in Westeros.[10]

Novels

In 2012, Chris Lackner wrote in Dose, "Fans of the novels are eagerly awaiting Martin's final two installments of the seven-part series. In particular, they are eager to learn more about the White Walkers—or The Others—a mysterious, undead race seemingly bent on humanity's destruction."[11]

Backstory

In the novels and the 2014 companion book The World of Ice & Fire, Martin establishes that, millennia before the events of A Song of Ice and Fire series, a pact existed between the Children of the Forest (elf-like creatures) and the First Men (mankind). This was weakened by the emergence of the Others, an enigmatic and malevolent nonhuman species who inflicted a night that lasted a generation and a winter that lasted decades.[12] After the Others were pushed back, the Children and the First Men raised The Wall, a vast barrier of stone, ice and magic from one coast of northern Westeros to the other, to bar the passage of the Others south.[13]

A Game of Thrones

As A Game of Thrones (1996) begins, the general belief across Westeros is that the Others are a legend to scare children, or else "gone eight thousand years".[7][14] But the Others have re-emerged, and are gaining power—and creating wights—beyond the Wall.[4] In the Prologue, a ranging party from the Night's Watch come face to face with a group of the Others, who kill Ser Waymar Royce.[4] Reanimated as a wight, he then kills the ranger Will.[4] Out ranging beyond the Wall, Jon Snow and the Night's Watch find the corpses of two of their fallen brothers. Brought home to Castle Black, the dead men rise and kill several of their living fellows before they are destroyed.[7][15]

A Storm of Swords

Sam Tarly kills an Other with a dragonglass dagger in A Storm of Swords (2000).[5] His former comrade Small Paul is killed and reanimated as a wight. The undead Paul is immune to the dragonglass, but Sam is able to put him down with fire.[8] Bran Stark recalls the story of the Night's King, a Stark and the 13th Lord Commander of the Night's Watch who had been seduced by a female White Walker.[13] The Night's King and his queen enslaved the brothers of the Watch until the Starks and the wildlings joined forces to defeat him.[13]

The Winds of Winter

Martin said in 2012 that readers will see more of the Others in his forthcoming novel The Winds of Winter.[16] He noted in a 2012 Dose interview, "[We'll learn more about their] history, certainly, but I don't know about culture ... I don't know if they have a culture".[11]

TV adaptations

White Walker whisky

The White Walkers portrayed on HBO's Game of Thrones differ slightly in appearance from their literary counterparts, but Aaron Souppouris of The Verge named them among "the most visually iconic creatures on the show".[3] In the TV series, the primary White Walker has been portrayed by Ross Mullan.[3][17] The show calls them "White Walkers" to avoid confusing "the Others" and "others" in speech.[10]

Their apparent leader is the Night King, portrayed by Richard Brake and Vladimir Furdik, who first appeared in the episode "Oathkeeper", in which he places his hand on Craster's baby son, transforming him into a White Walker.[18][19][20] In "Hardhome", the effectiveness of Valyrian steel against the White Walkers is proven as Jon shatters one to pieces with a single stroke of his ancient sword Longclaw.[21][22] Unlike in the novels, the TV series has established that wights can be destroyed by dragonglass.[23]

In the season 6 episode "The Door" (May 2016), Bran Stark experiences a vision of the creation of the Night King by Leaf, one of the Children of the Forest, by stabbing a human prisoner in the chest with a dragonglass dagger. Leaf explains to an incredulous Bran that the Children were at war with the First Men at the time of the Night King's creation.[24][25] In season 7, when Jon kills a White Walker, the wights under its control are also destroyed. The Night King kills Daenerys Targaryen's dragon Viserion in the seventh season episode "Beyond the Wall", and then reanimates him as a wight. In the season finale episode "The Dragon and the Wolf", the Night King uses the dragon to breach the Wall.

In the eighth season premiere, "Winterfell", a group of survivors from the Wall's destruction discover that Last Hearth, the home of House Umber, has been attacked by the Army of the Dead in their conquest of the North, with all of its inhabitants killed. The Night King has also left a message in the form of the deceased Ned Umber impaled on a wall and surrounded by a spiral of severed limbs. In the second episode "A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms", the inhabitants of Winterfell make plans for defending the castle against the Army of the Dead. Bran states that the Night King is seeking an "endless night", as he plans to cleanse the world of all life and memory and intends to kill Bran as a major step towards this goal. The White Walkers are later seen viewing Winterfell from a distance as the living prepare to fight them.

In the third episode "The Long Night", the Army of the Dead marches on Winterfell and nearly wipes out the combined armies of the living. The Night King eventually reaches the Godswood, kills Theon Greyjoy, and prepares to strike down Bran. However, the Night King is ambushed and killed by Arya Stark with the Valyrian steel dagger that Bran had previously given her ("The Spoils of War"), which causes both him and the other White Walkers to shatter and results in the complete obliteration of the Army of the Dead.

In House of the Dragon, the TV adaptation of Fire & Blood, it is revealed in the first episode "The Heirs of the Dragon" (August 2022) that Aegon the Conqueror was inspired to unify Westeros by a dream in which he saw the end of the world of the living coming from the cold northernmost reaches of the continent.[26] Daemon Targaryen has a vision of a White Walker in the episode "The Queen Who Ever Was" (August 2024).[27]

Merchandising

In 2012, Funko released a White Walker figure as part of their POP! Television line, which are 4.5 inch vinyl figures in the Japanese super deformed style.[28] The company later produced a Mystery Mini Blind Box figurine of a stylized White Walker.[29] Dark Horse released a 9-inch White Walker bust statue in 2013,[30][31] and later a 9-inch full figure statue.[32] In 2014, Funko released a 6.5 inch articulated White Walker action figure (with spear accessory) as part of their HBO-licensed Legacy Collection line, which features "some of the series’ most popular characters".[33][34] In 2018, Johnnie Walker released White Walker, the first of several Game of Thrones-inspired whiskies.[35]

See also

References

  1. ^ Egner, Jeremy (May 11, 2015). "On Game of Thrones, an Awkward Dinner and a Stony Encounter". The New York Times. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
  2. ^ Egner, Jeremy (June 1, 2015). "Game of Thrones Q. and A.: Birgitte Hjort Sorensen on Playing a Wildling Mother". The New York Times. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
  3. ^ a b c Souppouris, Aaron (June 17, 2014). "Becoming a White Walker: how one man turns into a terrifying Game of Thrones villain". The Verge. Retrieved June 1, 2015.
  4. ^ a b c d e Martin, George R. R. (1996). "Prologue". A Game of Thrones. Random House Publishing. pp. 7–10. ISBN 978-0-553-89784-5.
  5. ^ a b c Martin, George R. R. (2000). "Chapter 18: Samwell". A Storm of Swords. Random House Publishing. p. 208. ISBN 978-0-553-89787-6.
  6. ^ Martin, George R. R. (2011). "Chapter 7: Jon". A Dance with Dragons. Random House Publishing. pp. 99–100. ISBN 978-0-553-90565-6.
  7. ^ a b c d Martin. "Chapter 52: Jon". A Game of Thrones. pp. 533–536, 545–548.
  8. ^ a b c Martin. "Chapter 46: Samwell". A Storm of Swords. pp. 534–535.
  9. ^ Martin, George R. R. (1998). "Chapter 13: Jon". A Clash of Kings. Random House Publishing. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-553-89785-2.
  10. ^ a b Baird, Scott (2017-08-24). "Game of Thrones: 15 Things You Didn't Know About the White Walkers". Screen Rant. Retrieved 2020-05-03.
  11. ^ a b Lackner, Chris (March 23, 2012). "Interview: Author George R.R. Martin eager to see his world again on Game of Thrones". Dose. Archived from the original on March 3, 2013. Retrieved June 7, 2015.
  12. ^ Martin. "Chapter 24: Bran". A Game of Thrones. pp. 232–234.
  13. ^ a b c Martin. "Chapter 56: Bran". A Storm of Swords. pp. 761, 770–771.
  14. ^ Martin. "Chapter 2: Catelyn". A Game of Thrones. pp. 21–22.
  15. ^ Martin. "Chapter 60: Jon". A Game of Thrones. p. 635.
  16. ^ Roberts, Josh (April 1, 2012). "Game of Thrones Exclusive! George R.R. Martin Talks Season Two, The Winds of Winter, and Real-World Influences for A Song of Ice and Fire". Smarter Travel. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
  17. ^ Finestone, Nathaniel (August 12, 2014). "Manchester Comicon – How to catch a White Walker in his Natural Habitat". The Prince Arthur Herald. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
  18. ^ Fleming, Mike Jr. (June 27, 2016). "Game Of Thrones David Benioff & D.B. Weiss On Shocking Season 6 Finale". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved October 2, 2016.
  19. ^ Shanley, Patrick (June 1, 2015). "Game of Thrones ventures beyond books in a big way". CNN. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
  20. ^ Poladian, Charles (June 1, 2015). "Game Of Thrones Season 5 Spoilers: Night's King, White Walker Meaning And Jon Snow's Fate After 'Hardhome'". International Business Times. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
  21. ^ Robinson, Joanna (May 31, 2015). "Why Does the Night's King Matter on Game of Thrones?". Vanity Fair. Retrieved September 18, 2015.
  22. ^ Trumbore, Dave (June 11, 2015). "GAME OF THRONES Decoded: Valyrian Steel, White Walkers, and the Night's King". Collider. Retrieved September 18, 2015.
  23. ^ Prokop, Andrew (August 21, 2017). "Game of Thrones season 7: the White Walker twists of 'Beyond the Wall', explained". Vox. Retrieved October 15, 2017.
  24. ^ VanDerWerff, Emily (May 22, 2016). "Game of Thrones season 6, episode 5: 5 winners and 7 losers behind "The Door"". Vox. Retrieved October 6, 2019.
  25. ^ Egner, Jeremy (May 22, 2016). "Game of Thrones Season 6, Episode 5: Hold the Door". The New York Times. Retrieved May 22, 2016.
  26. ^ Louis, Brandon (August 22, 2022). "Aegon's White Walkers Dream in House of the Dragon Came from GRRM". Screen Rant. Retrieved October 10, 2022.
  27. ^ Hunt, James (August 5, 2024). "Game of Thrones Season 8 Looks So Much Worse Now (& I've Always Defended It)". Screen Rant. Retrieved August 5, 2024.
  28. ^ Lenihan, Nick (September 5, 2012). "Game of Thrones Funko Pop". ActionFigureFury.com. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  29. ^ "2014 Funko Game of Thrones Mystery Minis Vinyl Figures". CardboardConnection.com. 2014. Retrieved June 8, 2015.
  30. ^ "Dark Horse Officially Unveils the Game of Thrones White Walker Statue!". Dark Horse Comics. June 19, 2013. Retrieved June 8, 2015.
  31. ^ "Dark Horse Comics Reveals Game of Thrones White Walker Statue". Cosmic Book News. June 17, 2013. Retrieved June 8, 2015.
  32. ^ "Review of White Walker - Game of Thrones figure". MWC Toys. November 7, 2014. Retrieved June 8, 2015.
  33. ^ Pickett, Daniel (February 11, 2014). "Funko To Launch Game of Thrones Legacy Collection". ActionFigureInsider.com. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  34. ^ Lenihan, Nick (February 11, 2014). "Game of Thrones Legacy Collection 6-inch Figures Announced by Funko". ActionFigureFury.com. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  35. ^ Cioletti, Jeff (September 15, 2019). Drink Like a Geek: Cocktails, Brews, and Spirits for the Nerd in All of Us. Mango Media Inc. ISBN 9781642500127. Retrieved January 31, 2020.

Further reading

Read other articles:

Ten artykuł dotyczy cmentarza na Woli. Zobacz też: cmentarz Powstańców Warszawy w Powsinie. Cmentarz Powstańców Warszawy nr rej. A-1057 z 29.02.2012 Widok ogólny cmentarza Państwo  Polska Miejscowość Warszawa Adres ul. Wolska 174/17601-258 Warszawa Typ cmentarza wojenny Stan cmentarza nieczynny Powierzchnia cmentarza 1,5 ha Liczba pochówków 104 105 Liczba grobów 177 Data otwarcia 25 listopada 1945 Architekt Romuald Gutt, Alina Szoltz (1946)Tadeusz Wyrzykowski (1960) Położe...

 

Kode telepon di Indonesia memiliki sistem yang berbeda untuk telepon rumah dan telepon seluler: telepon rumah menggunakan kode area, sedangkan telepon seluler tidak. Untuk kode area sambungan telepon rumah, angka 0 ditambahkan di depan saat melakukan panggilan jarak jauh domestik dari dalam Indonesia, tetapi selalu dihilangkan saat menelepon dari luar negeri. Sebagai gantinya, penelepon akan menggunakan kode negara Indonesia +62, diikuti dengan kode area, tanpa 0. Nomor telepon domestik di ko...

 

1984 Czech novel by Milan Kundera This article is about the novel. For the 1988 film, see The Unbearable Lightness of Being (film). The Unbearable Lightness of Being First edition (French)AuthorMilan KunderaOriginal titleNesnesitelná lehkost bytíCountryFranceLanguageCzechGenrePhilosophical fiction, Magical realismPublisherGallimard (France)68 Publishers (Czech language)Harper & Row (US)Faber & Faber (UK)Publication date1984 (French translation)1985 (original Czech)Published...

Pertempuran PrahaBagian dari Perang Tiga Puluh TahunLukisan yang menggambarkan pasukan Swedia di Jembatan Karl, Kota Praha, karya Karel dan Adolf Liebscher tahun 1891Tanggal25 Juli – 1 November 1648LokasiPraha, Kerajaan Bohemia, Monarki Habsburg (kini di Republik Ceko)50°05′11″N 14°24′44″E / 50.08639°N 14.41222°E / 50.08639; 14.41222Koordinat: 50°05′11″N 14°24′44″E / 50.08639°N 14.41222°E / 50.08639; 14.41222Hasil Penja...

 

Bilateral relationsIran–Syria relations Iran Syria Iranian pilgrims in the Umayyad Mosque, Damascus Syria and Iran are strategic allies. Syria is usually called Iran's closest ally,[1] with ideological conflict between the Arab nationalism ideology of Syria's secular ruling Ba'ath Party and the Islamic Republic of Iran's pan-Islamist policy notwithstanding. Iran and Syria have had a strategic alliance ever since the Iran–Iraq War, when Syria sided with non-Arab Iran against neighb...

 

Спортінг — термін, який має кілька значень. Ця сторінка значень містить посилання на статті про кожне з них.Якщо ви потрапили сюди за внутрішнім посиланням, будь ласка, поверніться та виправте його так, щоб воно вказувало безпосередньо на потрібну статтю.@ пошук посилань с

Keluarga ChigiFamiglia ChigiKeluarga Chigi-Della Roverekeluarga bangsawan gelapMotto: Micat In Vertice(Indonesia: Bersinar di atas)Negara Italia Bekas negara  Kerajaan Italia  Negara Gereja Kadipaten Firenze Kelompok etnisItaliaDidirikan1492; 530 tahun lalu (1492) (sebagai keluarga bangsawan)PendiriMariano ChigiKepala saat iniMario Chigi[1]Gelar Paus (non-warisan) Pangeran Kekaisaran Romawi Suci Adipati Ariccia Pangeran Farnese Pangeran Campagnano EstatVilla Farnes...

 

Palaeoloxodon antiquus Tengkorak dan model Status konservasi Punah Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Chordata Kelas: Mammalia Ordo: Proboscidea Famili: Elephantidae Genus: Palaeoloxodon† Spesies: P. antiquus† Nama binomial Palaeoloxodon antiquus(Falconer & Cautley, 1847) Palaeoloxodon antiquus adalah spesies gajah yang telah punah. Spesies ini berhubungan erat dengan gajah asia dan tinggal di Eropa pada masa Pleistosen pertengahan dan akhir (781.000–50.000 tahun yang...

 

Du FuTidak ada potret Du Fu, gambar ini hanya rekaan pelukis.Lahir712Gongyi, Henan, TiongkokMeninggal770 (umur 57–58)Tanzhou, Hunan, TiongkokPekerjaanPenyair, politisiAnakDu ZongwenDu ZongwuDu Feng'erKerabatDu Shenyan (kakek)Du Xian (ayah) Du Fu Du Fu dalam aksara Han Nama Tionghoa Hanzi: 杜甫 Alih aksara Mandarin - Hanyu Pinyin: Dù Fǔ - Wade-Giles: Tu4 Fu3 - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Duh Fuu Min Nan - Romanisasi POJ: Tō͘ Hú Yue (Kantonis) - Romanisasi Yale: Douh Fú - Jyutping: Dou6 Fu2 Zime...

Indian esports player Ankur DiwakarBorn (1991-04-19) 19 April 1991 (age 32)Bombay, IndiaNationalityIndianOther namesJauntyTankOccupationEsports Athlete Ankur Diwakar (born 19 April 1991) better known by his alias Jauntytank, is an Indian professional esports player. He is the winner of UCypher MTV India Season 1 tournament in India.[1] He represented India in Asian Games 2018[2] and won the South Asian Championship.[3] Esports career Diwakar plays FIFA, Pro E...

 

1963 French filmLandruDirected byClaude ChabrolWritten byFrançoise SaganProduced byGeorges de BeauregardCarlo PontiStarringCharles DennerMichèle MorganDanielle DarrieuxHildegard KnefCinematographyJean RabierEdited byJacques GaillardMusic byPierre JansenProductioncompaniesCompagnia Cinematografica ChampionRome Paris FilmsDistributed byLux Compagnie Cinématographique de FranceRelease date 25 January 1963 (1963-01-25) Running time119 minutesCountriesFranceItalyLanguageFrench La...

 

PT PLN Indonesia PowerSebelumnyaPT PLN Pembangkitan Tenaga Listrik Jawa-Bali I (1995 - 2000)PT Indonesia Power (2000 - 2022)JenisPerseroan terbatasIndustriKetenagalistrikanDidirikan3 Oktober 1995; 28 tahun lalu (1995-10-03)KantorpusatJakarta, IndonesiaWilayah operasiIndonesiaTokohkunciM. Ahsin Sidqi[1](Direktur Utama)Mohamad Oemar[1](Komisaris Utama)JasaPembangkitan listrikPengoperasian pembangkit listrikPemeliharaan pembangkit listrikPendapatanRp 38,520 triliun (2021) ...

Guatemala vehicle license plates GuatemalaCurrent seriesSloganCENTRO AMÉRICASize6 in × 12 in150 mm × 300 mmIntroduced1988; 35 years ago (1988)HistoryFirst issued1988; 35 years ago (1988)vte Guatemala requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates.[1] Current plates are North American standard 6 × 12 inches (152 × 300 mm).[2][3] In January 2021, G...

 

Hot in the Shade LPВиконавець KissДата випуску 17 жовтня 1989Записаний липень-серпень 1989Жанр хард-рокТривалість 58:39Мова англійськаЛейбл MercuryПродюсер Gene Simmons & Paul StanleyХронологія Kiss Попередній Smashes, Thrashes and Hits Revenge Наступний Hot in the Shade — музичний альбом гурту Kiss. Виданий 17 жовтня 1989 р...

 

Major thoroughfare from Caloocan to Quezon City, Philippines Mindanao AvenueC-5Looking south towards Tandang Sora AvenuePart of C-5 C-5 from NLEX to Congressional Avenue N128 from North Avenue to P. Dela Cruz Street[1] NamesakeMindanaoMaintained byDepartment of Public Works and Highways - Quezon City 1st District Engineering Office[2] and Metro Manila 3rd District Engineering Office[3]LocationQuezon City, Valenzuela, and CaloocanNorth endMGM Road in Kaybiga, Caloo...

Picudos de ManzanilloDatos generalesNombre Club de Fútbol Soccer Manzanillo A.C.Apodo(s) PicudosFundación 2000 (23 años)Presidente Abel Salazár VillaseñorEntrenador Miguel Ángel Arruga El PadillaInstalacionesEstadio Gustavo VasquezCapacidad 4,000Ubicación Manzanillo, Colima, MéxicoInauguración 1999 (24 años) Titular Alternativo Última temporadaLiga 5.Tercera División(2016/2017) 15o. Grupo X Página web oficial[editar datos en Wikidata] El Club de Fútbol Soccer...

 

Jordanian-American musician (1950–2020) Hani Naserهاني ناصرBackground informationBirth nameHani Nassar NaserBorn(1950-03-02)March 2, 1950Ermameen, JordanOriginYonkers, New York, U.S.DiedNovember 16, 2020(2020-11-16) (aged 70)Ojai, CaliforniaGenresWorld musicOccupation(s)Multi-instrumentalist, percussionistInstrument(s)Oud, goblet drum, djembeYears active1968–2020Websitewww.haninaser.comMusical artist Hani Naser (Arabic: هاني ناصر; March 2, 1950 – November 16, 2020) ...

 

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento centri abitati dell'Alaska non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. WasillacityWasilla – VedutaMunicipio di Wasilla, 2008 LocalizzazioneStato Stati Uniti Stato federato Alaska BoroughMatanuska-Susitna AmministrazioneSindacoVerne E. Rupright TerritorioCoordinate61°34′56.7″N 149°26′33.2″Wþ...

콜 오브 듀티: 모던 워페어 리부트Call of Duty: Modern Warfare개발사인피니티 워드배급사액티비전작가 브라이언 블룸 저스틴 해리스 테일러 쿠로사키 벤 체이니 작곡가세라 섀크너시리즈콜 오브 듀티플랫폼 마이크로소프트 윈도우 플레이스테이션 4 엑스박스 원 출시일2019년 10월 25일장르1인칭 슈팅 게임모드일인용, 다인용 《콜 오브 듀티: 모던 워페어 리부트》(영어: Call of Du...

 

ХуторЛозовая Рудка 50°26′14″ с. ш. 35°54′54″ в. д.HGЯO Страна  Россия Субъект Федерации Белгородская область Муниципальный район Борисовский Сельское поселение Берёзовское История и география Основан нач.-середина 19 в. Тип климата умеренно-континентальный, лесо...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!