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Wensleydale
Wensleydale
Country of origin	England
Region	Wensleydale, North Yorkshire
Source of milk	Cows (formerly ewes)
Texture	Medium, crumbly
Aging time	3–6 months
Certification	PGI 2013 (Yorkshire Wensleydale)
Named after	Wensleydale
	Related media on Commons

Wensleydale is a style of cheese originally produced in Wensleydale, North Yorkshire, England, but now mostly made in large commercial creameries throughout the United Kingdom. The term "Yorkshire Wensleydale" can only be used for cheese that is made in Wensleydale.^[2]^[3] The style of cheese originated from a monastery of French Cistercian monks who had settled in northern England, and continued to be produced by local farmers after the monastery was dissolved in 1540. Wensleydale cheese fell to low production in the early 1990s, but its popularity was revitalized by frequent references in the Wallace and Gromit series.

Flavour and texture

Wensleydale is a medium cheese that is supple and crumbly. It has a slight honey aroma.^[4]^[5]

Common flavour combinations

The flavour of Wensleydale is suited to combination with sweeter produce, such as sweet apples. Many restaurants and delicatessens serve a version of the cheese that contains cranberries.^[6]

In Yorkshire and North East England, the cheese is often eaten with fruit cake or Christmas cake.^[7]^[8]

History

Wensleydale cheese was first made by French Cistercian monks from the Roquefort region, who had settled in Wensleydale. They built a monastery at Fors, but some years later the monks moved to Jervaulx in Lower Wensleydale. They brought with them a recipe for making cheese from sheep's milk.^[9] During the 14th century cows' milk began to be used instead, and the character of the cheese began to change. A little ewes' milk was still mixed in since it gave a more open texture, and allowed the development of the blue mould. At that time, Wensleydale was almost always blue with the white variety almost unknown. Nowadays, the opposite is true, with blue Wensleydale rarely seen.^[10] When the monastery was dissolved in 1540, the local farmers continued making the cheese^[11] until the Second World War, during which most milk in the country was used for the making of "Government Cheddar".^[12] Even after rationing ceased in 1954, cheese making did not return to pre-war levels.^[11]

The first creamery to produce Wensleydale commercially was established in 1897 in the town of Hawes. Wensleydale Dairy Products, who bought the Wensleydale Creamery in 1992, sought to protect the name Yorkshire Wensleydale under an EU regulation; Protected Geographical Indication status was awarded in 2013.^[1]^[13]^[14]

References in culture

George Orwell rated Wensleydale second behind Stilton in his 1945 essay "In Defence of English Cooking".^[15]

In the 1990s, sales of Wensleydale cheese from the Wensleydale Creamery had fallen so low that production in Wensleydale itself was at risk of being suspended.^[16] The cheese experienced a boost in its popularity after being featured in the Wallace and Gromit series. The main character of the series, Wallace, a cheese connoisseur, most notably mentions Wensleydale as a particularly favourite cheese in the 1995 short A Close Shave. Animator and creator Nick Park chose it solely because it had a good name that would be interesting to animate the lip sync to rather than due to its origins in northern England where the shorts were set. He was also unaware of the financial difficulties that the company was experiencing.^[17] The company contacted Aardman Animations about a licence for a special brand of Wensleydale cheese called, "Wallace and Gromit Wensleydale", which sold well.^[18] When the 2005 full-length Wallace and Gromit film, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit, was released, sales of Wensleydale cheeses increased by 23%.^[19]

Wensleydale is one of the cheeses mentioned in the Cheese shop sketch of Monty Python's Flying Circus that Mr. Mousebender attempts to purchase, without success. There is a glimmer of hope the shop may have this variety of cheese, only for the proprietor to reveal that his name is Arthur Wensleydale, and he thought he was being personally addressed.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ ^a ^b "Denomination Information Yorkshire Wensleydale". OJEU. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
^ Torrance, Jack (29 December 2017). "We'll go somewhere there's cheese, Gromit!". The Telegraph. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
^ "The Wensleydale Creamery unveils seasonal Yorkshire Wensleydale & Cranberries packaging". Wensleydale Blog. 15 November 2017. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
^ "Wensleydale Cheese". Lawsons Cheeses Direct. Archived from the original on 13 May 2008. Retrieved 3 July 2008.
^ "Wensleydale Creamery - Artisan Cheeses". Wensleydale Creamery. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
^ "Cheese.com: Wensleydale". Retrieved 23 August 2017.
^ The rough guide to England (6th ed.). London: Rough Guides. 2004. p. 948. ISBN 1843532492. OCLC 59321351.
^ Gundrey, Elizabeth (1992). Staying off the beaten track (12th ed.). Arrow. p. 353. ISBN 0099864002. OCLC 655867327.
^ Rance, Patrick (1982). The Great British Cheese Book. Macmillan. ISBN 9780333486986.
^ Jenkins, Steven W. (1 January 1996). Cheese Primer. Workman Publishing Company. pp. 308–311. ISBN 978-0-89480-762-6.
^ ^a ^b "History of Wensleydale Cheese". Wensleydale Creamery. Archived from the original on 11 November 2009. Retrieved 3 July 2008.
^ "Government Cheddar Cheese". CooksInfo.com. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
^ "Uniquely Yorkshire". Yorkshire Post. Archived from the original on 3 January 2011. Retrieved 31 July 2008.
^ "EU Application for Yorkshire Wensleydale". Retrieved 16 April 2009.
^ Orwell, George (15 December 1945). "In Defence of English Cooking". www.orwellfoundation.com.
^ Waites, Mike (17 June 2006). "Wensleydale is big cheese in world awards". Yorkshire Post. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2008. In 1992 the 100-year-old creamery was in danger of closing, along with the threat that virtually all Wensleydale Cheese production would move out of its traditional home
^ "A Grand Day Out (1989)—Trivia". uk.imdb.com. Retrieved 31 July 2008.
^ Krumbach, Elizabeth. "Wensleydale". www.wallaceandgromit.com. Retrieved 23 February 2019.
^ Reardanz, Karen (15 November 2005). "Wallace & Gromit Boost Cheese Sales". SFgate.com. Retrieved 3 July 2008.