Vrishakapi

Vrishakapi

Vrishakapi (Sanskrit: वृषाकपिः, IAST: Vṛṣākapi) is an epithet that is used in Hinduism to describe the gods Surya, Vishnu, Shiva and Indra.[1] But the word first appears in the Rig Veda where is it refers to a friend of the god Indra. The character has been described as a prototype of the later Hanuman.[2][3] The term itself translates to "virile" or "large" monkey.[4]

Summary

The character first appears in the Rig Veda (verse 10:86) where Indrani, the wife of Indra, complains to Indra about him. She states that Vrishakapi has stolen offerings meant for Indra. However, Indra defends his friend and praises him. The verses end with characters seemingly reconciling.[4][5]

References

  1. ^ Vaman Shivaram Apte. "vṛṣākapiḥ". The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Retrieved 30 May 2026.
  2. ^ Mrinalini Mitra (2019). "Keeping Up With Hanuman: Reimagining the Myth of Hanuman through Animation". Denison Journal of Religion. 18.
  3. ^ Dwight Edward Bushey (2001). "Hanuman and the "Hanuman Chalisa": The diachrony of a deity". ProQuest Learning.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  4. ^ a b Philip Lutgendorf (1997). "Monkey in the Middle: The Status of Hanuman in Popular Hinduism". Religion. 27: 311–332. Retrieved 30 May 2026.
  5. ^ Rig Veda. Translated by Ralph T.H. Griffith. Wikisource. pp. 10:86.
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