V419 Cephei

V419 Cephei

A light curve for V419 Cephei, plotted from Hipparcos data[1]
Observation data Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation	Cepheus
Right ascension	21^h 12^m 47.24741^s[2]
Declination	+60° 05′ 52.8017″[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)	6.54 - 6.89[3]
Characteristics
Evolutionary stage	Red supergiant
Spectral type	M2 Ib[4]
Variable type	Lc[3]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ)	RA: −2.515[5] mas/yr Dec.: −3.277[5] mas/yr
Parallax (π)	1.0342 ± 0.1022 mas[5]
Distance	1,085[6] pc
Absolute magnitude (MV)	−5.72[7]
Details
Mass	16.6 ± 2.6[8] M☉
Radius	586[9] R☉
Luminosity (bolometric)	58,300[9] L☉
Temperature	3,660[9] K
Age	10.0[8] Myr
Other designations
V419 Cep, HD 202380, HIP 104719, SAO 33232, BD+59°2342, AG+59 1417, GCRV 13343
Database references
SIMBAD	data

V419 Cephei (BD+59°2342 or HIP 104719) is an irregular variable star in the constellation of Cepheus with an apparent magnitude that varies between 6.54 and 6.89.

Distance

The Hipparcos-measured parallax of 0.63±0.29 mas is not constrained to evaluate its distance. Based on kinematic analysis, its most likely distance is 1,085±320 parsecs, equal to 3,540±1,035 light years.^[6] The Gaia Data Release 2 parallax of 1.0342±0.1022 mas is consistent with this distance.^[5] It is a member of the stellar association Cepheus OB2-A.^[6]

Characteristics

V419 Cephei is a red supergiant of spectral type M2 Ib with an effective temperature around 3,700 K and an estimated radius of 533 R_☉. The K-band angular diameter measurements equal 5.90 ± 0.70 milliarcseconds,^[10] which leads to a figure not much higher, although the uncertainty in its distance must also be taken into account. If placed at the Sun's location, it would engulf the orbits of Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, and roughly half of the asteroid belt.

V419 Cephei has a mass 16.6 solar masses, above the limit beyond which stars end their lives as supernovae. The life of such massive stars is very short. Despite its advanced evolutionary state, V419 Cephei is only 10 million years old.^[8]

Billed as an irregular variable star of type LC, V419 Cephei's brightness varies between magnitudes 6.54 and 6.89 with no apparent periodicity.^[3]

References

1. "Hipparcos Tools Interactive Data Access". Hipparcos. ESA. Retrieved 8 December 2021.
2. van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the New Hipparcos Reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–64. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600.
3. Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
4. Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1989). "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 245. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K. doi:10.1086/191373. S2CID 123149047.
5. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
6. Famaey, B.; Jorissen, A.; Luri, X.; Mayor, M.; Udry, S.; Dejonghe, H.; Turon, C. (2005). "Local kinematics of K and M giants from CORAVEL/Hipparcos/Tycho-2 data. Revisiting the concept of superclusters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 405: 165. arXiv:astro-ph/0409579. Bibcode:2005A&A...430..165F. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041272. pp. 165-186.
7. Table 4 in Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip; Olsen, K. A. G.; Plez, Bertrand; Josselin, Eric; Maeder, Andre; Meynet, Georges (August 2005). "The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not As Cool As We Thought". The Astrophysical Journal. 628 (2): 973–985. arXiv:astro-ph/0504337. Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L. doi:10.1086/430901. S2CID 15109583.
8. Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhäuser, R.; Hohle, M. M. (2011). "A catalogue of young runaway Hipparcos stars within 3 kpc from the Sun". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 410 (1): 190–200. arXiv:1007.4883. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.410..190T. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17434.x. S2CID 118629873.
9. Healy, Sarah; Horiuchi, Shunsaku; Molla, Marta Colomer; Milisavljevic, Dan; Tseng, Jeff; Bergin, Faith; Weil, Kathryn; Tanaka, Masaomi (2024-03-23). "Red Supergiant Candidates for Multimessenger Monitoring of the Next Galactic Supernova". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 529 (4): 3630–3650. arXiv:2307.08785. Bibcode:2024MNRAS.529.3630H. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae738. ISSN 0035-8711.
10. Richichi, A.; Percheron, I.; Khristoforova, M. (2005). "CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 431 (4): 773. Bibcode:2005A&A...431..773R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042039. pp. 773-777.