User:Bananakingler

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The earliest written reference that may possibly refer to the Riffians is found in an inscription from a tomb of the Eighteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt. It reports an invasion of Egypt by a Libyan group called the Mashausha. Before this, the Mashausha had subjugated the Tehenu, until then the only Libyan population group known to the Egyptians, and had incorporated them into the campaign against Egypt. The Mashausha are described as coming from the west. This account may be connected with the name of the Mazuza, a subgroup of the present-day Iqer'iyen, who are counted among the Riffians. However, it cannot be ruled out that several groups bore the name Mazuza at that time.^{[1][better source needed]}

Perhaps the only positive reference to the Riffians in the classical Roman period shows them not only unsubjugated by Rome, but actually, in the time of Marcus Aurelius, attacking the Romans and carrying the war into Spain.^[1]

Azɣenɣan is a Berber word meaning "stronghold".

According to Mercer, the words Zenaga or Znaga (from the Berber root ẓnag or ẓnaj, giving the noun Aẓnag or Aẓnaj with the additional masculine singular prefix a-, or Taẓnagt or Taẓnajt with the additional feminine singular circumfix ta--t, or Iẓnagen or Iẓnajen with the additional masculine plural circumfix i--en, or Tiẓnagen or Tiẓnajen with the additional feminine plural circumfix ti--en) are thought to be a romanized distortion of Zenata and Sanhaja from Arabic.^{[citation needed]}