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Tōkai

東海市
Tōkai 東海市
City
	; Upper stage:Amida Buddha(Shurakuen Park); Lower stage:Nagoya iron and steel works
	Flag Seal
	Location of Tōkai in Aichi Prefecture
	Tōkai Location in the Kansai region Tōkai
	Coordinates: 35°01′23″N 136°54′7.9″E / 35.02306°N 136.902194°E
Country	Japan
Region	Chūbu (Tōkai)
Prefecture	Aichi
Government
• Mayor	Atsuo Suzuki
Area
• Total	43.43 km2 (16.77 sq mi)
Population (October 1, 2019)
• Total	113,698
• Density	2,600/km2 (6,800/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time)
- Tree	Camphor laurel
- Flower	Satsuki azalea
Phone number	052-603-2211, 0562-33-1111
Address	1-1, Chūōmachi, Tōkai-shi, Aichi-ken 476-8601
Website	Official website

Tōkai (東海市, Tōkai-shi) is a city located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2019^[update], the city had an estimated population of 113,698 in 51,035 households,^[1] and a population density of 2,618 persons per km². The total area of the city was 43.43 square kilometres (16.77 sq mi).

Geography

Tōkai is located in the far northwestern neck of Chita Peninsula in southern Aichi Prefecture, and is bordered by Ise Bay to the east, and the metropolis of Nagoya to the north. It extends 8.06 kilometers from east to west and 10.97 kilometers from north to south. Much of the city is near sea level in altitude.

Climate

The city has a climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and relatively mild winters (Köppen climate classification Cfa). The average annual temperature in Tōkai is 15.7 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1730 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.9 °C, and lowest in January, at around 4.5 °C.^[2]

Climate data for Tōkai (1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	16.8 (62.2)	20.2 (68.4)	24.9 (76.8)	29.9 (85.8)	32.3 (90.1)	36.2 (97.2)	38.7 (101.7)	39.2 (102.6)	38.8 (101.8)	30.1 (86.2)	26.1 (79.0)	21.3 (70.3)	39.2 (102.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	9.5 (49.1)	10.5 (50.9)	14.1 (57.4)	20.1 (68.2)	24.3 (75.7)	27.4 (81.3)	31.2 (88.2)	32.9 (91.2)	28.6 (83.5)	23.3 (73.9)	17.6 (63.7)	12.2 (54.0)	21.0 (69.8)
Daily mean °C (°F)	4.9 (40.8)	5.6 (42.1)	8.9 (48.0)	14.4 (57.9)	18.9 (66.0)	22.6 (72.7)	26.4 (79.5)	27.8 (82.0)	24.2 (75.6)	18.3 (64.9)	12.5 (54.5)	7.3 (45.1)	16.0 (60.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	0.7 (33.3)	1.2 (34.2)	4.1 (39.4)	9.2 (48.6)	14.0 (57.2)	18.6 (65.5)	22.7 (72.9)	23.9 (75.0)	20.4 (68.7)	14.1 (57.4)	8.0 (46.4)	2.8 (37.0)	11.7 (53.1)
Record low °C (°F)	−6.3 (20.7)	−6.2 (20.8)	−3.5 (25.7)	−0.2 (31.6)	5.8 (42.4)	11.9 (53.4)	16.6 (61.9)	16.6 (61.9)	11.1 (52.0)	4.0 (39.2)	−0.8 (30.6)	−3.7 (25.3)	−6.3 (20.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	45.7 (1.80)	62.0 (2.44)	114.5 (4.51)	123.5 (4.86)	149.9 (5.90)	200.5 (7.89)	173.9 (6.85)	119.7 (4.71)	236.7 (9.32)	137.9 (5.43)	82.2 (3.24)	43.2 (1.70)	1,489.6 (58.65)
Mean monthly sunshine hours	157.6	163.6	186.5	197.0	183.8	144.4	164.6	208.9	158.5	164.8	156.1	161.9	2,052.1
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency^[3]

Demographics

Per Japanese census data,^[4] the population of Tōkai greatly expanded in the 1960s, and has continued to grow at a reduced rate from that period over the past 50 years.

Historical population
Year	Pop.	±%
1940	22,512	—
1950	29,888	+32.8%
1960	33,965	+13.6%
1970	86,608	+155.0%
1980	96,048	+10.9%
1990	97,358	+1.4%
2000	99,921	+2.6%
2010	107,704	+7.8%

Neighboring municipalities

Aichi Prefecture

Chita
Higashiura
Nagoya (Minami-ku, Minato-ku, Midori-ku)
Ōbu

History

Early modern period

During the Edo period, the area around Tōkai consisted of a number of fishing settlements and was governed as part of Owari Domain under the Tokugawa shogunate.

Late modern period

With the establishment of the modern municipalities system after the start of the Meiji period, the area was organized into a number of villages within Chita District, Aichi.

Contemporary history

The city of Tōkai was established on April 1, 1969, through the merger of the former towns of Yokosuka and Ueno within Chita District.

Government

Tōkai has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 22 members. The city contributes two members to the Aichi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Aichi District 8 of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Sister cities

International

Nilüfer, Bursa Province, Turkey, since May 10, 2007^[5]
Shire of Macedon Ranges, Victoria, Australia, since October 16, 2014^[5]

National

Yonezawa, Yamagata Prefecture, since October 20, 1999
Kamaishi, Iwate Prefecture, since March 24, 2007
Okinawa, Okinawa Prefecture, since November 20, 2009

Economy

Secondary sector of the economy

Manufacturing

Tōkai has a strong industrial base along its coastline, dominated by a large steel mill owned by Nippon Steel and by Aichi Steel, which has its headquarters and three manufacturing plants in the city.^[6]

Education

Universities

Nihon Fukushi University – Tokai campus
Seijoh University

Schools

Tōkai has twelve public elementary schools and six public middle schools operated by the city government and three public high schools operated by the Aichi Prefectural Board of Education.