As a mathematician, Brown’s primary focus in his research is in the field of Ramsey Theory. When completing his Ph.D., his thesis was 'On Semigroups which are Unions of Periodic Groups'[2] In 1963 as a graduate student, he showed that if the positive integers are finitely colored, then some color class is piece-wise syndetic.[3]
In A Density Version of a Geometric Ramsey Theorem,[4] he and Joe P. Buhler showed that “for every there is an such that if then any subset of with more than elements must contain 3 collinear points” where is an -dimensional affine space over the field with elements, and ".
In Descriptions of the characteristic sequence of an irrational,[5] Brown discusses the following idea: Let be a positive irrational real number. The characteristic sequence of is ; where .” From here he discusses “the various descriptions of the characteristic sequence of α which have appeared in the literature” and refines this description to “obtain a very simple derivation of an arithmetic expression for .” He then gives some conclusions regarding the conditions for which are equivalent to .
He has collaborated with Paul Erdős, including Quasi-Progressions and Descending Waves[6] and Quantitative Forms of a Theorem of Hilbert.[7]