Thomas Hoving

Thomas Hoving
Director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art
In office 1967–1977
Preceded by	James J. Rorimer
Succeeded by	Philippe de Montebello
Parks Commissioner of New York City
In office 1966–1967
Appointed by	John V. Lindsay
Preceded by	Newbold Morris
Succeeded by	August Heckscher II
Personal details
Born	Thomas Pearsall Field Hoving (1931-01-15)January 15, 1931 New York City, New York, U.S.
Died	December 10, 2009(2009-12-10) (aged 78) New York City, New York, U.S.
Spouse	Nancy Bell ​ ​ (m. 1953)​
Children	Petrea Hoving
Parent(s)	Walter Hoving Mary Osgood Field
Education	Buckley School Eaglebrook School Phillips Exeter Academy Hotchkiss School
Alma mater	Princeton University

Thomas Pearsall Field Hoving (January 15, 1931 – December 10, 2009) was an American museum executive and consultant and the director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.^[1]

Early life

He was born in New York City to Walter Hoving, the head of Tiffany & Company, and his wife, Mary Osgood Field, a descendant of Samuel Osgood.^[2] Hoving grew up surrounded by New York's upper social strata. As recounted in his memoir, Making the Mummies Dance, these early experiences would be invaluable in his later dealings with the Met's donors and trustees.

After schooling at Manhattan's Buckley School, Eaglebrook School in Massachusetts and a brief stint at Exeter, Hoving graduated from the Hotchkiss School in 1949.^[1] He received a B.A. in 1953, an M.F.A. in 1958, and a Ph.D. in 1959, all from Princeton University.

Career

As an undergraduate he majored in art and archaeology and supplemented his studies with regular trips to New York City to draw at the Art Students League.^[3] He went to work for the Met in 1959, serving on the staff of the medieval department at The Cloisters until 1965, when he became curator of the department.^[4]

He left the Met in 1966 to become New York mayor John V. Lindsay's parks commissioner, but in 1967 returned to the Met as director after the incumbent, James J. Rorimer, died suddenly on May 11, 1966.^[5] He assumed the directorship on March 17, 1967, and presided over a massive expansion and renovation of the museum, adding many important collections to its holdings.^[1]

Career at the Metropolitan Museum of Art

The Treasures of Tutankhamun exhibition, which travelled for nearly a decade through North America and Europe, was an important cultural event.

Hoving wrote about his 1960s acquisition for the Met of the controversial Cloisters Cross in a book called King of the Confessors.

His tenure at the Metropolitan Museum of Art was characterized by his distinctive approach to expanding the Met's collections. Rather than build more comprehensive holdings of relatively modest works, he pursued a smaller number of what he termed "world-class" pieces, including the Euphronios Krater depicting the death of Sarpedon (returned to Italy in 2008), Velázquez's Portrait of Juan de Pareja, and the Temple of Dendur.^[6]

The expansion of the Met during Hoving's directorship was not confined to its collections. Hoving also spearheaded a number of building projects and renovations of the Met itself, from a controversial expansion of its galleries into Central Park to the construction of its underground parking garage.^[6]

Two of the building's most characteristic features—the huge exterior banners announcing current shows, and the broad plaza and steps leading from Fifth Avenue to the Met's entryway—are products of Hoving's tenure. At one point, he even floated a plan to remove the Met's "great staircase" leading from the central lobby to the second-floor galleries. That particular project remains unrealized.^{[6]: 156–163}

Hoving described the negotiations between the Metropolitan Museum, the Cairo Museum, Egypt's Organization of Antiquities, and the U.S. State Department to bring the exhibition The Treasures of Tutankhamun to the Met as "the high point of my Metropolitan career."^[6] The exhibition was the result of years of negotiations, including plans for a variety of cross-cultural collaborations, galvanized by President Richard M. Nixon's June 1974 trip to Egypt and finalized in an accord signed by Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger and Foreign Minister Ismail Fahmi in October 1975. In July 1976, Hoving visited Egypt to negotiate terms of the traveling exhibition and finalize details of the Museum's collaboration with officials there.^[7]

Hoving was the director of the controversial "Harlem On My Mind" exhibit, curated by Allon Schoener, which garnered significant protests from local activists and artists for its exclusion of black artists, as well as for the inclusion of an anti-Semitic essay in the catalogue. Hoving apologized and included disclaimers before the essay in the catalogue, but did not remove it.^[8]

In his memoirs he revealed 2009 that Leonardo da Vinci's masterpiece Mona Lisa was sprinkled for several hours inside the Metropolitan Museum.^[9]

Later career

He left the Met on June 30, 1977, to start an independent consulting firm for museums, Hoving Associates. From 1978 to 1984 he was an arts correspondent for the ABC newsmagazine 20/20.^[10] His debut in its second-ever installment on June 13, 1978 was a feature about the making of Jaws 2.^[11] In 1978, he published Tutankhamun. The Untold Story, a non-fiction book about the discovery of the Egyptian tomb, with particular attention to its discoverer, Howard Carter. He edited Connoisseur Magazine from 1981 to 1991; along with his memoirs of his time at the Met, he is also the author of books on a number of art-related subjects, including art forgeries, Grant Wood, Andrew Wyeth, Tutankhamen, and the 12th-century walrus ivory crucifix known as the Bury St. Edmunds Cross. Additionally, in 1999, he wrote the text for the Art For Dummies book in the "...For Dummies" series.^[12]

Personal life

In 1953, Hoving was married to Nancy Bell, a Vassar College graduate whom he met at a house party in Princeton.^[13] She was the daughter of Elliott V. Bell (1902–1983), a writer for The New York Times who managed the two successful gubernatorial campaigns for his friend, Thomas E. Dewey.^[13] They had a daughter.^[1]

Hoving died of lung cancer at his home in Manhattan, New York City, on December 10, 2009.^[1]

In popular culture

Hoving appeared in Who the *$&% Is Jackson Pollock?, a 2006 documentary by Harry Moses about a supposed "lost" Jackson Pollock painting, where he dismissed the claims, believing that true connoisseurs are the only ones who can identify the real from fake paintings and that fingerprints and forensic evidence are secondary. The clincher, he stated, was that the 'Pollock' painting had a gesso ground, something that Pollock never used. ^[14]

He was the subject of the titular profile in A Roomful of Hovings and Other Profiles, a 1969 collection of biographical pieces by John McPhee.

Works

• Hoving, Thomas (2005). Master Pieces: The Curator's Game. W. W. Norton Company. ISBN 9780393328387.
• Hoving, Thomas (1999). Art for Dummies. IDG Books Worldwide. ISBN 978-0764551048.
• Hoving, Thomas (1997). False Impressions: The Hunt for Big-Time Art Fakes. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-81134-0.
• Hoving, Thomas (1993). Making the Mummies Dance: Inside the Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-88075-0.
• Hoving, Thomas. King of the Confessors: A New Appraisal. cybereditions.com: Christchurch, NZ, 2001.
• Hoving, Thomas. King of the Confessors. Simon & Schuster: New York, 1981.
• Hoving, Thomas. Tutankhamun. The Untold Story. Simon & Schuster: New York, 1978.
• Artful Tom, A memoir // Artnet

Bibliography

• Watson, Peter (2007). The Medici Conspiracy. New York: Public Affairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-438-5.
• "Outdoorsman of the Big City", Life, April 29, 1966.
• McPhee, John (1969). A Roomful of Hovings. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 9780374515010.

References

1. Kennedy, Randy (December 11, 2009). "Thomas Hoving, Who Shook Up the Met, Dies at 78". The New York Times. Retrieved September 17, 2010. Thomas Hoving, the charismatic showman and treasure hunter whose tenure as director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art from 1967 to 1977 fundamentally transformed the institution and helped usher in the era of the museum blockbuster show, died on Thursday at his home in Manhattan. He was 78.
2. McPhee, John (2011). The John McPhee Reader. Macmillan. p. 131. ISBN 9780374708580. Retrieved July 12, 2016 – via Google Books.
3. McPhee, John (May 1, 1979). A Roomful of Hovings and Other Profiles. Macmillan. ISBN 0374708665.
4. "New City Parks Chief; Thomas Pearsall Field Hoving". The New York Times. December 2, 1965. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
5. "Hoving Bowing Out as City's Parks Chief Today; His Exuberance Left a Mark, but Serious Problems Remain for Successor Heckscher to Succeed Hoving As Chief of City Parks Today". The New York Times. March 16, 1967. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
6. Hoving, Thomas (1993). Making the Mummies Dance: Inside the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 9780671880750.
7. Hartmann, Celia (July 3, 2013). "Finding aid for the Irving MacManus records related to "Treasures of Tutankhamun" exhibition, 1975–1979" (PDF). Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
8. Arnold, Martin (January 22, 1969). "Hoving Accepts Onus for Furor". The New York Times. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
9. "The Diary: Mona Lisa; Stewart Copeland; Bright Star; Looking for Eric". The Independent. May 14, 2009.
10. Hoving, Thomas (June 10, 2009). "Chapter 29: 20/20". Artful Tom, A Memoir. Artnet Magazine. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
11. Brown, Les (June 13, 1978). "Downs Named 20/20 Host". The New York Times. Retrieved May 27, 2023.
12. Hoving, Thomas (July 20, 1999). "My Eye". Artnet Magazine. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
13. "MISS NANCY BELL BRIDE IN PAWLING; Dewey Attends Her Wedding to Lieut. Thomas P. Hoving, Son of Bonwit Teller Head". The New York Times. October 4, 1953. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
14. Kennedy, Randy (November 9, 2006). "Could Be a Pollock; Must Be a Yarn". The New York Times. Retrieved June 24, 2023.

External links

• "Tom Hoving" (obituary), The Daily Telegraph (London, UK), Friday 11 December 2009.
• Thomas Hoving records at the Metropolitan Museum of Art Archives.

Cultural offices
Preceded by James J. Rorimer	Director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art 1967–1977	Succeeded by Philippe de Montebello
Political offices
Preceded by Newbold Morris	Parks Commissioner of New York City 1966–1967	Succeeded by August Heckscher II