The Cambridge Modern History Italy in 1799, from the Atlas (1912)
Country United Kingdom Language English Publisher Cambridge University Press Published 1902–1912; 1957–1979 No. of books 14 (Cambridge Modern History ) 14 (New Cambridge Modern History )
The Cambridge Modern History is a comprehensive modern history of the world , beginning with the 15th century Age of Discovery , published by the Cambridge University Press in England and also in the United States.
The first series, planned by Lord Acton and edited by him with Stanley Mordaunt Leathes , Sir Adolphus William Ward and G. W. Prothero , was launched in 1902 and totalled fourteen volumes, the last of them being an historical atlas which appeared in 1912. The period covered was from 1450 to 1910.[ 1] Each volume includes an extensive bibliography.
A second series, with entirely new editors and contributors, The New Cambridge Modern History , appeared in fourteen volumes between 1957 and 1979, again concluding with an atlas. It covered the world from 1450 to 1945.
Planning and publishing
The dominions of
Charles V in 1558,
map from the atlas of 1912
The first discussions about creating The Cambridge Modern History took place in 1896.[ 2] [ 3]
The original Cambridge Modern History was planned by Lord Acton , who during 1899 and 1900 gave much of his time to coordinating the project, intended to be a monument of objective, detailed, and collaborative scholarship.[ 4] Acton was Regius professor of modern history at Cambridge , and a fellow of All Souls , Oxford . He had previously established the English Historical Review in 1886 and had an exalted reputation.[ 5]
Cambridge Modern History Atlas (1912), title page
The new work was published in fourteen volumes between 1902 and 1912, in the British Isles by the Cambridge University Press and in the United States by Macmillan & Co. of New York City . Written mostly by English scholars, the first twelve volumes dealt with the history of the world from 1450 up to 1870.[ 1] The final volume, numbered 12, was The Latest Age and appeared in 1910.[ 6] There then followed two supplemental volumes.[ 1]
The history was later followed by similar multi-volume works for the earlier ages, namely the Cambridge Ancient History and the Cambridge Medieval History .[ 7] As the first of such histories, it later came to be seen as establishing a tradition of collaborative scholarship.[ 8]
A second edition of the atlas (volume XIV) was published in 1924.[ 9]
Volumes published
I. The Renaissance (1902)
III. The Wars of Religion (1904)
IV. The Thirty Years War (1906)
Chapter
Title
Author
1
The Outbreak of the Thirty Years' War
Adolphus William Ward
2
The Valtelline
Horatio Robert Forbes Brown
3
The Protestant Collapse (1620–30) (1) The Bohemian and the Palatinate War (1620-3) (2) The Lower-Saxon and Danish War (1623-9) (3) The Edict of Restitution and the Dismissal of Wallenstein (1628–30)
Adolphus William Ward
4
Richelieu
Stanley Mordaunt Leathes
5
The Vasa in Sweden and Poland (1560–1630)
William Fiddian Reddaway
6
Gustavus Adolphus (1630–2)
Adolphus William Ward
7
Wallenstein and Bernard of Weimar (1632–5) (1) Wallenstein's End (1632-4) (2) Nördlingen and Prague (1634-5)
Adolphus William Ward
8
The Constitutional Struggle in England (1625–40)
George Walter Prothero
9
The First Two Years of the Long Parliament (1640-2)
George Walter Prothero
10
The First Civil War (1642-7)
George Walter Prothero, andErnest Marsh Lloyd
11
Presbyterians and Independents (1645-9)
George Walter Prothero, and Ernest Marsh Lloyd
12
The Westminster Assembly
William Arthur Shaw
13
The Later Years of the Thirty Years' War (1635–48)
Adolphus William Ward
14
The Peace of Westphalia
Adolphus William Ward
15
The Commonwealth and the Protectorate (1649–59)
William Arthur Shaw
16
The Navy of the Commonwealth and the First Dutch War
Joseph Robson Tanner
17
Scotland from the Accession of Charles I to the Restoration
Peter Hume Brown
18
Ireland from the Plantation of Ulster to the Cromwellian Settlement (1611-1659)
Robert Dunlop
19
Anarchy and the Restoration (1659–60)
Charles Harding Firth
20
The Scandinavian North (1559-1660)
William Fiddian Reddaway
21
Mazarin
Stanley Mordaunt Leathes
22
Spain and Spanish Italy under Philip III and IV
Martin Hume
23
Papal Policy, 1590-1648
Moritz Brosch
24
Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange
George Edmundson
25
The Transference of Colonial Power to the United Provinces and England
Hugh Edward Egerton
26
The Fantastic School of English Poetry
Arthur Clutton-Brock
27
Descartes and Cartesianism
Émile Boutroux
V. The Age of Louis XIV (1908)
Chapter
Title
Author
1
The Government of Louis XIV (1661–1715)
Arthur James Grant
2
The Foreign Policy of Louis XIV (1661–1697)
Arthur Hassall
3
French Seventeenth Century Literature and its European Influence
Émile Faguet
4
The Gallican Church
Stafford Harry Northcote (Viscount St Cyres)
5
The Stewart Restoration
Charles Harding Firth
6
The Literature of the English Restoration, Including Milton
Harold Hannynston Child
7
The Administrations of John de Witt and William of Orange' (1651–88)
George Edmundson
8 (1)
The Anglo-Dutch Wars: Naval Administration under Charles II and James II
Joseph Robson Tanner
8 (2)
The Anglo-Dutch Wars: The Wars (1664–74)
Christopher Thomas Atkinson
9
The Policy of Charles II and James II (1667–87)
John Pollock
10 (1)
The Revolution and the Revolution Settlement in Great Britain: England (1687-1702)
Harold William Vezeille Temperley
10 (2)
The Revolution and the Revolution Settlement in Great Britain: Scotland from the Restoration to the Union of the Parliaments (1660-1707)
Peter Hume Brown
10 (3)
The Revolution and the Revolution Settlement in Great Britain: Ireland from the Restoration to the Age of Resumptionn (1660-1700)
Robert Dunlop
11
Religious Toleration in England
Henry Melvill Gwatkin
12
Austria, Poland, and Turkey
Richard Lodge
13
The Treaties of Partition and the Spanish Succession
Wolfgang Michael
14 (1)
The War of the Spanish Succession: Campaigns and Negotiations
Christopher Thomas Atkinson
14 (2)
The War of the Spanish Succession: the Peace of Utrecht and the Supplementary Pacifications
Adolphus William Ward
15
Party Government under Queen Anne
Harold William Vezeille Temperley
16
Russia (1462–1682)
John Bagnell Bury
17
Peter the Great and His Pupils (1689–1730)
Robert Nisbet Bain
18
The Scandinavian Kingdoms
William Fiddian Reddaway
19
Charles XII and the Great Northern War
Robert Nisbet Bain
20
The Origins of the Kingdom of Prussia
Adolphus William Ward
21
The Great Elector and the First Prussian King
Adolphus William Ward
22 (1)
The Colonies and India: The Colonies
Ernest Alfred Benians
22 (2)
The Colonies and India: India
Paul Ernest Roberts
23 (1)
European Science in the Seventeenth and Earlier Years of the Eighteenth Century: Mathematics and Physical Science
Walter William Rouse Ball
23 (2)
European Science in the Seventeenth and Earlier Years of the Eighteenth Century: Other Branches of Science
Michael Foster
24
Latitudinarianism and Pietism
Moritz Kaufmann
VI. The Eighteenth Century (1909)
Chapter
Title
Author
1 (1)
Great Britain under George I: The Hanoverian Succession
Adolphus William Ward
1 (2)
Great Britain under George I: The Foreign Policy of George I (1714–21)
James Frederick Chance
2
The Age of Walpole and the Pelhams
Harold William Vezeille Temperley
3
Jacobotism and the Union
Charles Sanford Terry
4
The Bourbon Governments in France and Spain. I. (1714–26)
Edward Armstrong
5
The Bourbon Governments in France and Spain. II. (1727–46)
Edward Armstrong
6
Financial Experiments and Colonial Development
Ernest Alfred Benians
7
Poland under the Saxon Kings
Robert Nisbet Bain
8 (1)
The War of the Austrian Succession: The Pragmatic Sanction
Christopher Thomas Atkinson
8 (2)
The War of the Austrian Succession: Prussia under Frederick William I
Emil Daniels
8 (3)
The War of the Austrian Succession: The War
Christopher Thomas Atkinson
9
The Seven Years' War For a four-page addendum on naval operations see Volume XIII
Emil Daniels
10
Russia Under Anne and Elizabeth
Robert Nisbet Bain
11
The Reversal of Alliances and the Family Compact
Jean Lemoine
12
Spain and Portugal (1746–94) (1) Spain under Ferdinand VI and Charles III (2) Portugal (1750–93) (3) Brazil (Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries)
George Edmundson
13 (1)
Great Britain (1756–93): William Pitt the Elder
Wolfgang Michael
13 (2)
Great Britain (1756–93): The King's Friends
James Macmullen Rigg
13 (3)
Great Britain (1756–93): The Years of Peace and the Rise of the Younger Pitt (1782–93)
Martin J. Griffin
14
Ireland in the Eighteenth Century
Robert Dunlop
15 (1)
India: The Moghul Empire
Alfred Comyn Lyall
15 (2)
India: The English and French in India (1720–63)
Paul Ernest Roberts
15 (3)
India: Clive and Warren Hastings
Paul Ernest Roberts
16
Italy and the Papacy
Mrs. H. M. Vernon (Katharine Dorothea Ewart )
17
Switzerland from the Treaty of Aarau to the French Revolution
Johann Jacob Schollenberger
18
Joseph II
Eugène Hubert
19
Catharine II
Otto Hötsch
20 (1)
Frederick the Great and His Successor: Home and Foreign Policy (1763–97)
Emil Daniels
20 (2)
Frederick the Great and His Successor: Poland and Prussia
Otto Hötsch
21
Denmark under the Bernstorffs and Struensee
William Fiddian Reddaway
22
The Hats and Caps and Gustavus III (1721–92)
Robert Nisbet Bain
23
English Political Philosophy in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries
Arthur Lionel Smith
24
The Romantic Movement in European Literature
Charles Edwyn Vaughan
VII. The United States (1903)
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Chapter
Title
Author
1
The First Century of English Colonisation (1607-1700)
John Andrew Doyle
2
The English Colonies (1700-1763)
John Andrew Doyle
3
The French in America (1608-1744)
Mary Bateson
4
The Conquest of Canada (1744-1761)
Arthur Granville Bradley
5
The Quarrel with Great Britain (1761-1776)
John Andrew Doyle
6
The Declaration of Independence (1761-1776)
Melville Madison Bigelow
7
The War of Independence (1776-1783)
John Andrew Doyle
8
The Constitution (1776-1789)
Melville Madison Bigelow
9
The Struggle for Commercial Independence (1783-1812)
John Bach McMaster
10
The War of 1812-1815
Herbert Wrigley Wilson
11
The Growth of the Nation (1815-1828)
John Bach McMaster
12
Commerce, Expansion and Slavery (1828-1850)
John Bach McMaster
13
State Rights (1850-1860)
Woodrow Wilson
14
The Civil War: I (1861)
John George Nicolay
15
The Civil War: II (1862-1863)
John George Nicolay
16
The Civil War: III (1864-1865)
John George Nicolay
17
Naval Operation of the Civil War (1861-1865)
Herbert Wrigley Wilson
18
The North during the War (1861-1865)
John George Nicolay
19
The South during the War (1861-1865)
John Christopher Schwab
20
Political Reconstruction (1865-1885)
Theodore Clarke Smith
21
The United States as a World-Power (1885-1902)
John Bassett Moore
22
Economic Development of the United States
Henry Crosby Emery
23
The American Intellect
Barrett Wendell
VIII. The French Revolution (1904)
Chapter
Title
Author
1
Philosophy and the Revolution
Paul Ferdinand Willert
2
The Government of France
Francis Charles Montague
3
Finance
Henry Higgs
4
Louis XVI
Francis Charles Montague
5
The Elections to the States General
Francis Charles Montague
6
The National Assembly, and the Spread of Anarchy
Francis Charles Montague
7
The Constitution of 1791
Francis Charles Montague
8
The Legislative Assembly
John Ronald Moreton Macdonald
9
The National Convention to the Fall of the Gironde
John Ronald Moreton Macdonald
10
The Foreign Policy of Pitt to the Outbreak of War with France
Oscar Browning
11
The European Powers and the Eastern Question
Richard Lodge
12
The Terror
John Ronald Moreton Macdonald
13
The Thermidorian Reaction and the End of the Convention
John Ronald Moreton Macdonald
14
The General War
Richard Phillipson Dunn-Pattison
15
The Naval War
Herbert Wrigley Wilson
16
The Directory
George Knottesford Fortescue
17
The Extinction of Poland, 1788–97
Richard Lodge
18
Bonaparte and the Conquest of Italy
John Holland Rose
19
The Egyptian Expedition
John Holland Rose
20
The Struggle for the Mediterranean
Herbert Wrigley Wilson
21
The Second Coalition
John Holland Rose
22
Brumaire
Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher
23
Revolutionary Finance
Henry Higgs
24
French Law in the Age of the Revolution
Paul Viollet
25
Europe and the French Revolution
George Peabody Gooch
IX. Napoleon (1906)
Chapter
Title
Author
1
The Consulate, 1799-1804
Georges Pariset
2
The Armed Neutrality, 1780-1801
Thomas Alfred Walker and Herbert Wrigley Wilson
3
The Pacification of Europe, 1799-1802
Anton Guilland
4
France and Her Tributaries, 1801-3
Anton Guilland
5
France under the Empire, 1804–14
Georges Pariset
6
The Codes
Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher
7
The Concordats
Leopold George Wickham Legg
8
The Command of the Sea, 1803–15
Herbert Wrigley Wilson
9
The Third Coalition. I. 1805-6
Ernest Marsh Lloyd
10
The Third Coalition. II. 1806-7
Ernest Marsh Lloyd
11
The Napoleonic Empire at Its Height, 1807-9
John Holland Rose
12
The War of 1809
August Keim
13
The Continental System, 1809–14
John Holland Rose
14
The French Dependencies, and Switzerland, 1800–14
Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher (The French Dependencies), and Anton Guilland (Switzerland)
15
The Peninsular War, 1808–14
Charles William Chadwick Oman
16
Russia under Alexander I, and the Invasion of 1812
Eugen Stschepkin
17
The War of Liberation, 1813-4
Julius von Pflugk-Harttung
18
The First Restoration, 1814-5
Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher
19
The Congress of Vienna, I. 1814-5
Adolphus William Ward
20
The Hundred Days, 1815
Charles William Chadwick Oman
21
The Congress of Vienna, II. 1814-5
Adolphus William Ward
22
Great Britain and Ireland, 1792-1815
George Peabody Gooch
23
The British Empire, 1783-1815
William Holden Hutton (India and Ceylon), andHugh Edward Egerton (The Colonies)
24
St. Helena
Herbert Albert Laurens Fisher
X. The Restoration (1907)
XI. The Growth of Nationalities (1909)
Chapter
Title
Author
1
Great Britain and Free Trade (1841–52)
John Harold Clapham
2
The Fall of Constitutionalism in France (1840-8)
Émile Bourgeois
3
Liberalism and Nationality in Germany and Austria (1840-8)
Friedrich Meinecke
4
Italy in Revolution (1846-9)
Ernesto Masi
5
The French Republic
Émile Bourgeois
6
The Revolution and the Reaction in Germany and Austria. I. (1848-9)
Adolphus William Ward
7
The Revolution and the Reaction in Germany and Austria. II.
Adolphus William Ward
8
The Achievement of Swiss Federal Unity
Wilhelm Oechsli
9 (1)
Russia and the Levant: Russia under Nicholas I
Geoffrey Drage
9 (2)
Russia and the Levant: The Levant
Edward Charles Blech
10
Napoleon III and the Period of Personal Government (1852-9)
Albert Thomas
11
Great Britain and the Crimean War (1852-6)
Spencer Walpole
12
Great Britain, Last Years of Whiggism, Parliamentary Reform (1856–68)
Spencer Walpole
13
English Literature (1840–70)
Hugh Walker
14
Cavour and the Kingdom of Italy (1849–61)
Ernesto Masi
15 (1)
Austria, Prussia, and the Germanic Confederation: Reaction and Reorganisation (1852–62)
Heinrich Friedjung
15 (2)
Austria, Prussia, and the Germanic Confederation: German Literature (1840–70)
Karl Hermann Breul
15 (3)
Austria, Prussia, and the Germanic Confederation: The National Spirit in Hungarian Literature (1686-1900)
Arthur Battishill Yolland
16
Bismarck and German Unity
Gustav Roloff
17
The Liberal Empire (1859–70)
Albert Thomas
18
The Reaction against Romanticism in French Literature (1840–71)
Émile Bourgeois
19 (1)
The Completion of Italian Unity: The Successors of Cavour (1861–70)
Ernesto Masi
19 (2)
The Completion of Italian Unity: The Literature of the Risorgimento and After (1846–70)
Carlo Segré
20
The Course of the Revolution in Spain and Portugal (1845–71)
James Fitzmaurice-Kelly
21
The Franco-German War (1870-1)
Frederick Barton Maurice
22 (1)
Russia and the Levant after the Crimean War: Russia and the Period of Reform
Geoffrey Drage
22 (2)
Russia and the Levant after the Crimean War: The Balkan Lands
Edward Charles Blech
22 (3)
Russia and the Levant after the Crimean War: Russian Literasture (1800-1900)
Geoffrey Drage
22 (4)
Russia and the Levant after the Crimean War: National Influences in Bohemian and Polish Literature
Robert Nisbet Bain
23
Holland and Belgium (1839–70) (1) Holland (2) Belgium (3) The Luxemburg Question (4) Literature in the Netherlands (1800–70)
George Edmundson
24 (1)
Scandinavia (1815–70): Sweden and Norway
William Fiddian Reddaway
24 (2)
Scandinavia (1815–70): Denmark
William Fiddian Reddaway
24 (3)
Dano-Norwegian Literature
Edmund Gosse
25
Rome and the Vatican Council (1846–70)
G. Alfred Fawkes
26
India and Afghanistan (1815–69)
William Lee-Warner
27 (1)
Great Britain and Her Colonies: The New Colonial Policy (1840–70)
Harold William Vezeille Temperley
27 (2)
Great Britain and Her Colonies: The Federation of Canada
Stuart Johnson Reid
27 (3)
Great Britain and Her Colonies: The English and Dutch in South Africa (1815–70)
Archibald Ross Colquhoun
27 (4)
Great Britain and Her Colonies: The Development of Australasia (1815–70)
John Davenport Rogers
28
The Far East (1815–71) (1) China and her Intercourse with Western Powers (2) Japan
Ernest Mason Satow
XII. The Latest Age (1910)
XIII. Tables and General Index (1911)
This volume includes
A four-page addendum, written by Ernest Alfred Benians, to Chapter 9 of Volume 6: Naval Operations in the Period of the Seven Years' War
Genealogical Tables and Lists
1. Genealogical Tables of Ruling and Noble Houses (112 tables)
2. Lists of Spiritual Princes, Elected Sovereigns, Etc. (28 lists)
3. Lists of Parliaments, General Councils, Etc. (6 lists)
General Index to all volumes
XIV. Atlas (1912, 2nd ed. 1924)
This volume begins with an extensive introduction to the maps, written by Ernest Alfred Benians . It is divided into several sections:
I. Europe in the Fifteenth Century
II. The Age of Habsburg Power and of the Reformation
III. The Rise of France and Sweden
IV. The Formation of the Great Powers of the Eighteenth Century
V. The Age of the Revolution and of Napoleon
VI. Since 1815
Except for the first, each is in turn subsectioned for Europe and "Greater Europe", with the latter term referring mostly to the colonial empires. A separate index is provided for the introduction.
There are 141 maps in this volume. Two-page maps are bound in such a way as to prevent information from being lost in the gutter between pages. The concluding index gives the latitude and longitude of the places named.
Notes
^ a b c Huntley Hayes, Carlton Joseph (1922). A political and social history of modern Europe . Vol. 1. Kessinger. p. 11. ISBN 9781419102745 .
^ Clark, G. N. (1945). "The Origin of the Cambridge Modern History" . The Cambridge Historical Journal . 8 (2): 57– 64. ISSN 1474-6913 .
^ Altholz, Josef L. (1996). "Lord Acton and the Plan of the Cambridge Modern History" . The Historical Journal . 39 (3): 723– 736. ISSN 0018-246X .
^ 'John Emerich Edward Dalberg Acton, 1st Baron Acton (English historian and moralist)', in Encyclopædia Britannica
^ R. C. S. Trahair, From Aristotelian to Reaganomics: a dictionary of eponyms with biographies in the social sciences (1994), p. 5
^ "The Cambridge Modern History. Planned by the late LORD ACTON, LL.D. Edited by A. W. WARD, Litt.D., G. W. PROTHERO, Litt.D., STANLEY LEATHES, M.A. Volume XII: 'The Latest Age.' Cambridge: University Press, 1910.) Review". The English Historical Review . 26 (103): 612– 614. July 1911. JSTOR 549876 .
^ Leslie Bethell, The Cambridge history of Latin America: Latin America since 1930 (vol. 6), p. 11
^ Roberto González Echevarría, Enrique Pupo-Walker, 'Introduction', in The Cambridge History of Latin American Literature vol. 2 (1996), p. xvii: "The Cambridge history of Latin American literature draws upon a long tradition of collaborative scholarship that began with the Cambridge modern history (1902–1912)..."
^ William Robert Shepherd, Historical Atlas (1964), p. iv
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