Template:Pie chart

villages: 45.0%
cities: 55.0%

Template documentationview edit history purge

This template is used on approximately 8,200 pages and changes may be widely noticed. Test changes in the template's /sandbox or /testcases subpages, or in your own user subpage. Consider discussing changes on the talk page before implementing them.

This template uses Lua:

Module:Piechart (sandbox)

This template uses TemplateStyles:

Template:Pie chart/styles.css^[e] (sandbox) ^[e]

This template draws pie charts with HTML, CSS, and a Lua module. It can accept data formatted as:

Enumerated values: |value1=123 |value2=456 (classic) or
A simple array: |1=[{"value":123, "value":456}] (easy to re-order)

Usage

This template offers several different ways to draw pie charts. It can accept data as enumerated parameters (like many templates do). It can also accept data as an array. When placing the pie chart, the template can "float" it to either side of the body text (how image thumbnails are positioned). It can also place the chart as body content (how most tables are positioned).

Thumb (floating)

By default, the template generates charts as floating thumbnails.

Enumerated parameters

Default colors

#1b7837 (7.70%)
#7fbf7b (7.70%)
#d9f0d3 (7.70%)
#762a83 (7.70%)
#af8dc3 (7.70%)
#e7d4e8 (7.70%)
#d73027 (7.70%)
#fc8d59 (7.70%)
#fee090 (7.70%)
#4575b4 (7.70%)
#91bfdb (7.70%)
#e0f3f8 (7.70%)
other: #fff (7.60%)

The labels, values, and colors of slices may be specified. All the parameters for six slices are included in the example below. To add more slices, copy the code for an existing line and change the digit at the end of each parameter's name. Order the values by size, from largest to smallest. This will order the chart's slices in a clockwise direction, with the largest slice at 12 o'clock.

{{Pie chart
| thumb  = 
| radius = 
| caption= 
| footer = 

| label1 = | value1 = | color1 = 
| label2 = | value2 = | color2 = 
| label3 = | value3 = | color3 = 
| label4 = | value4 = | color4 = 
| label5 = | value5 = | color5 = 

| other  = 
| other-color = 
| other-label =
}}

Enumerated values

|other=: If any value is given (even "0" or "no"), an "Other" item will appear in the legend, corresponding to the final slice that makes the values add up to 100.^[1]
|other-color=: Specify a color to override the default white for the "Other" slice.^[2]
|other-label=: Give a name to override the default text from "Other" to any string.
|labelN=: This string of text appears in the legend entry for each slice. Omitting it will cause a legend to be automatically generated.
|valueN=: This should be the percentage that the slice represents or an actual value. Use |autoscale=true to automatically scale values to a percentage of the total. Values that add up to more than 100 will be scaled down automatically.
|colorN=: Each slice can have a CSS color code or name. If omitted, the default color palette will be used. The default color palette is designed with accessibility and printing in mind.

Even though you could use as many values and labels as you want, at some point values will be too small to be readable. Values less than 1% don't make much sense. You could change the radius, but ultimately you should just use a wikitable instead. Pie chart should typically only have 2-10 values and the "Other" value.

Common parameters

|thumb=: By default the chart is floated to the right of the body content, as with image files. To make the chart appear on the left side specify |thumb=left. To place the chart as body content (similar to how tables are placed by default), specify |thumb=none.
|radius= You can specify a desired radius in pixels. Do not include a "px" suffix. The chart defaults to |radius=100.
|caption=: The caption is a string of wikitext displayed above the legend.
|footer=: The footer is a string of wikitext displayed below the legend.
|autoscale=true:^[3] This means that the sum of values will be automatically scaled to 100%. So for values: 5, 15, the slices will be "5 (25%)" and "15 (75%)". If the total is over 100, this defaults to true.
|legend=true:^[3] A legend will be added. Defaults to true if thumb is used.
|direction=: When the chart is positioned as body content, this parameter changes the placement of the legend. Possible values are:
- row: the order is a list, chart (default for thumb=none);
- row-reverse: the reverse order, i.e., chart, list;
- column: column arrangement (vertical);
- column-reverse: column arrangement, reversed (chart on top; default for thumb=right/left).
|width=: In most cases, you probably don't want to use this. It changes the width of the box. Normally, the box will be automatically scaled (for thumb=right or thumb=left, to pie radius; for thumb=none, to full available width).

Array of values

The template can also accept a JSON array of data, labels, and colors in the first unnamed parameter or |1=. An array is more strict in how the data must be formatted, but offers extra flexibility because you can easily rearrange the rows. This can simplify charts where the values will be frequently updated. It also simplifies the process of syncing charts across multiple articles or wikis.

|1=[]: This parameter holds an array of all values for a chart. Each value can have a label and color.
- just value: {"value": 1},
- value and a label: {"label": "drinks", "value": 1},
- with custom color: {"label": "drinks", "value": 1, "color":"#ccf"},
To specify other:
- you just add braces to the end of the array of values {} (this will mean the value is to be calculated automatically);
- you can add a label {"label": "other citizens"};
- you can add a custom color {"label": "other citizens", "color": "silver"}.

In the example below, the same lines of text are used to create charts arranged from most to least and from least to most. Only the order has changed:

Most to least

Least to most

Large to small^[4]

sweets: 5 (45.5%)
sandwiches: 3 (27.3%)
cookies: 2 (18.2%)
drinks: 1 (9.09%)

Small to large^[5]

drinks: 1 (9.09%)
cookies: 2 (18.2%)
sandwiches: 3 (27.3%)
sweets: 5 (45.5%)

{{Pie chart
|[
 {"label": "sweets", "value": 5, "color":"darkred"},
 {"label": "sandwiches", "value": 3, "color":"wheat"},
 {"label": "cookies", "value": 2, "color":"goldenrod"},
 {"label": "drinks", "value": 1, "color":"#ccf"},
]
| autoscale = true
| legend = true
| thumb  = left
| radius = 100
| caption= Large to small<ref>References should work fine in captions</ref>
| footer = 
}}

{{Pie chart
|[
 {"label": "drinks", "value": 1, "color":"#ccf"},
 {"label": "cookies", "value": 2, "color":"goldenrod"},
 {"label": "sandwiches", "value": 3, "color":"wheat"},
 {"label": "sweets", "value": 5, "color":"darkred"},
]
| autoscale = true
| legend = true
| thumb  = right
| radius = 100
| caption= Small to large<ref>References should work fine in captions</ref>
| footer = 
}}

Body content

Pie charts can also be positioned as body content. This is how most table are positioned in articles.

Minimal

The smallest possible definition of a graph that makes sense is below.

{{Pie chart| [ {"value":25},  {} ] |thumb=none}}

Labels with formatted value

You can add labels to values as shown below.

town: 25.0%
city: 75.0%

{{Pie chart
| [ 
 {"value":25, "label": "town"},
 {"label": "city"},
]
|thumb=none
|legend=true
}}

Note that a formatted value is added to each label.

See how the value adapts when large values are auto-scaled:

town: 2,500 (25.0%)
city: 7,500 (75.0%)

{{Pie chart
| [ 
 {"value":2500, "label": "town"},
 {"value":7500, "label": "city"},
]
|thumb=none
|legend=true
|autoscale=true
}}

Labels and advanced formatting templates

As shown above, a typical label: "Abc" will result in:

"Abc: 23%" — when values are percentages (and sum up to 100)
"Abc: 123,456,789 (23%)" — when values are auto-scaled

Label format

One can use labelformat option for formatting labels of all items. In most cases, the default format is the best choice as it automatically adapts to different contexts and makes chart more uniform.

Name	Example usage	Example render	Notes
$label	"$label - $value"	"Abc - 123"	In most case you will want to use $label with other variables.
$value	"$label - $value"	"Abc - 123"	"123" is just a value, but thousand separators will be added for larger numbers.
$percent	"($percent) $label"	"(10.5%) Abc"	Using $percent makes most sense when autoscale is on.
$percent with $value	"($percent) $label: $value mln"	"(10.5%) Abc: 123 mln"	Using $value explicitly allows you to easily add units (like "mln").
$auto	"$label: $auto"	"Abc: 123 (10.5%)"	This specific format is actually default.

Label format examples

Example of adding units in format (note $value in label and autoscale=true):

{{Pie chart
|1= [
	{"value":600, "label": "Flour"},
	{"value":300, "label": "Milk"},
	{"value":120, "label": "Butter"},
	{"value":100, "label": "Egg powder"},
	{"value":80, "label": "Sugar"},
]
|labelformat=$label $value g
|thumb=none
|legend=true
|autoscale=true
}}

Flour 600 g
Milk 300 g
Butter 120 g
Egg powder 100 g
Sugar 80 g

Example of showing precision of data:

{{Pie chart
|1= [
	{"value":500, "label": "Cappuccino"},
	{"value":420, "label": "Latte"},
	{"value":280, "label": "Espresso"},
	{"value":160, "label": "Tea"},
	{"value":90, "label": "Pastries"},
]
|labelformat=($percent) $label: $value ± 5
|thumb=none
|legend=true
|autoscale=true
}}

(34.5%) Cappuccino: 500 ± 5
(29.0%) Latte: 420 ± 5
(19.3%) Espresso: 280 ± 5
(11.0%) Tea: 160 ± 5
(6.21%) Pastries: 90 ± 5

Legend position

When drawing the chart as body content, the legend is positioned to the left of the chart by default. You can change the display position using the |direction= parameter. Possible values include:

Using "direction" to position the legend
Direction	Example
`\|direction=row` (default) The legend is to the left of the chart.	cookies: 2 (18.2%) drinks: 1 (9.09%) sweets: 5 (45.5%) sandwiches: 3 (27.3%)
`\|direction=row-reverse` (reverse order) The legend is to right of the chart.	cookies: 2 (18.2%) drinks: 1 (9.09%) sweets: 5 (45.5%) sandwiches: 3 (27.3%)
`\|direction=column` (vertical) The legend is above the chart.	cookies: 2 (18.2%) drinks: 1 (9.09%) sweets: 5 (45.5%) sandwiches: 3 (27.3%)
`\|direction=column-reverse` (vertical, reversed) The legend is below the chart.	cookies: 2 (18.2%) drinks: 1 (9.09%) sweets: 5 (45.5%) sandwiches: 3 (27.3%)

More examples

The following code generates the pie chart shown at right. Note that the default chart size and colors are used.

1 (4.76%)
2 (9.52%)
3 (14.3%)
4 (19.0%)
5 (23.8%)
6 (28.6%)

{{Pie chart
|value1 = 1
|value2 = 2
|value3 = 3
|value4 = 4
|value5 = 5
|value6 = 6
|autoscale = true
}}

Here's a more real-world example with custom colors.

Religion in the Czech Republic in 2001.

Atheists and agnostics (59.0%)
Catholics (26.8%)
Protestants (2.50%)
Other (11.7%)

{{Pie chart
| caption= [[Religion in the Czech Republic]] in 2001.
| label1 = [[Atheist]]s and [[agnostic]]s
| value1 = 59
| color1 = darkgreen
| label2 = [[Catholic]]s
| value2 = 26.8
| color2 = brown
| label3 = [[Protestant]]s
| value3 = 2.5
| color3 = #08f
| other  = yes
| other-color = silver
}}

Limitations

Some browsers might have problems with anti-aliasing borders properly, so the lines might be a bit jagged.
Due to how the graphing is implemented, it is not possible to save a copy of the chart using the browser's "Save Image" function (however, a screenshot can be taken).
The default color palette is limited to 12 colors. It will loop, but a wikitable is more readable than a pie chart with too many slices.

Warnings and errors

Some warnings are shown in the preview when the data supplied is invalid or suspicious.

Script warning: pie chart: Σ (value) = 102% (0.12 ... 45.6)

The sum of the supplied values is a bit greater than 100%, which probably means some of them are invalid (the sum is close to 100%, but not close enough). The first and last values are there to help you locate the invalid chart.

Two possible ways to deal with this problem:

Double-check the data provided — there might be significant rounding errors (or a typo). Check with the source of the data or re-calculate.
If you are using raw quantities you might want to let the template calculate proper percentages, add |autoscale=true to the template (see also: Template:Pie chart#param--autoscale).

Script warning: pie chart: Value too small ↆ 0.0001% (label of this small value): One of the values is extremely small — too small to be drawn. Consider combining such small values into an "other" category or grouping your data differently.
Script warning: pie chart: Unknown variable (wrong format of your label): $valve: Indicates that an unknown variable was used in the label format. This might indicate a typo — for example, you may have meant to write $value but typed $valve instead. See also: Template:Pie chart#Label format.

Notes

^ If the total of all values is greater than 100%, no final slice will be added, and "other" will not be added to the legend even if it is specified, as it would not correspond to any aspect of the visible chart.
^ Web colors can be specified by name or hex value.
^ ^a ^b Instead of true, you can use yes, on, or 1.
^ References should work fine in captions
^ References should work fine in captions

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. See a monthly parameter usage report for Template:Pie chart in articles based on its TemplateData.

TemplateData for Pie chart

Template to create pie charts (proportionally divided circles). Note that values are approximate and may be automatically scaled to 100%.

Template parameters[Edit template data]
This template prefers block formatting of parameters.
Parameter		Description	Type	Status
Chart items	`1`	Array of chart items, each being a set of properties for a slice: value, label, and color. For most items, only "value" is required (for the last item, even value can be omitted). Colors can be omitted and will be assigned automatically. Instead of this parameter, you can also use "value1", "label1", "color1"... Example {"label": "sweets", "value": 5, "color": "darkred"}	String	suggested
labelformat	`labelformat`	Format of values in JSON mode. $auto is resolved differently when auto-scaling is on. Suggested values `$label: $auto` `$percent [$value]: $label` Default $label: $auto	Line	suggested
thumb	`thumb`	Specifies whether the chart is floated to the left or right, similar to an image. Suggested values `right` `left` `none` Default right	Line	suggested
legend	`legend`	If set to true, a legend will be added. Defaults to true if the thumb parameter is used. Suggested values `true` `false` Default true	Line	suggested
direction	`direction`	Determines the placement of the legend. The chart and legend can be arranged in a column or a row. Suggested values `row` `row-reverse` `column` `column-reverse` Default column-reverse	Line	optional
autoscale	`autoscale`	If set to true, the sum of values will be automatically scaled to 100%. Autoscale is always enabled when the sum of values exceeds 100. Suggested values `true` `false` Default false	Line	suggested
precision	`precision`	Percentage number formatting precision (number of digits). Suggested values `-1` `0` `1` `2` Default -1	Number	optional
caption	`caption`	Specifies the chart's caption, which appears before the legend. Only use this parameter if the legend is enabled. The caption can contain references.	Line	optional
footer	`footer`	Specifies the chart's footer, which appears after the legend. Only use this parameter if the legend is enabled.	Line	optional
radius	`radius`	Specifies the radius of the pie chart in pixels. If omitted, the default is 100.	Number	optional
width	`width`	Specifies the box size in pixels. Remove this parameter to allow the size to adjust automatically (based on labels and graph size).	Number	optional
value1	`value1`	Value for the first item (used instead of the chart items array).	Unknown	optional
label1	`label1`	Label for the first item (used instead of the chart items array).	Unknown	optional
color1	`color1`	Color for the first item/slice (used instead of the chart items array).	Unknown	optional
value2	`value2`	no description	Unknown	optional
label2	`label2`	no description	Unknown	optional
color2	`color2`	no description	Unknown	optional
value3	`value3`	no description	Unknown	optional
label3	`label3`	no description	Unknown	optional
color3	`color3`	no description	Unknown	optional
value4	`value4`	no description	Unknown	optional
label4	`label4`	no description	Unknown	optional
color4	`color4`	no description	Unknown	optional
value5	`value5`	no description	Unknown	optional
label5	`label5`	no description	Unknown	optional
color5	`color5`	no description	Unknown	optional
value6	`value6`	no description	Unknown	optional
label6	`label6`	no description	Unknown	optional
color6	`color6`	no description	Unknown	optional
value7	`value7`	no description	Unknown	optional
label7	`label7`	no description	Unknown	optional
color7	`color7`	no description	Unknown	optional
value8	`value8`	no description	Unknown	optional
label8	`label8`	no description	Unknown	optional
color8	`color8`	no description	Unknown	optional
value9	`value9`	no description	Unknown	optional
label9	`label9`	no description	Unknown	optional
color9	`color9`	no description	Unknown	optional
value10	`value10`	no description	Unknown	optional
label10	`label10`	no description	Unknown	optional
color10	`color10`	no description	Unknown	optional
other-label	`other-label`	no description	Unknown	optional
other-color	`other-color`	no description	Unknown	optional
other	`other`	no description	Unknown	optional