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Tea with Mussolini
Tea with Mussolini
	U.S. theatrical release poster
Directed by	Franco Zeffirelli
Screenplay by	John Mortimer; Franco Zeffirelli
Story by	Franco Zeffirelli (autobiography)
Produced by	Clive Parsons; Riccardo Tozzi; Giovannella Zannoni; Frederick Muller; Marco Chimenz; Pippo Pisciotto
Starring	Cher; Judi Dench; Joan Plowright; Maggie Smith; Lily Tomlin; Charlie Lucas; Baird Wallace; Massimo Ghini; Paolo Seganti; Michael Williams;
Cinematography	David Watkin
Edited by	Tariq Anwar
Music by	Stefano Arnaldi; Alessio Vlad
Production; companies	Cattleya; Cineritmo; Medusa Film; Film and General Productions
Distributed by	Medusa Film (Italy); Universal Pictures (Select territories; through United International Pictures)
Release dates	26 March 1999 (Italy); 2 April 1999 (UK);
Running time	112 minutes
Countries	United Kingdom; Italy
Languages	English; Italian
Budget	$12 million
Box office	$45,566,200 (worldwide)

Tea with Mussolini (Italian: Un tè con Mussolini) is a 1999 semi-autobiographical comedy-drama war film directed by Franco Zeffirelli,^[2] scripted by John Mortimer, telling the story of a young Italian boy's upbringing by a circle of British and American women before and during the Second World War.^[2]

At the 53rd British Academy Film Awards, Tea with Mussolini won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role (Maggie Smith). The film also nominated for BAFTA Award for Best Costume Design but lost to Sleepy Hollow.

Plot

The film begins in 1935 in Florence, where a group of cultured expatriate English women – the Scorpioni – meet for tea every afternoon. Young Luca is the out-of-wedlock son of an Italian businessman who has little interest in his son's upbringing; the boy's seamstress mother has recently died.

Mary Wallace, the man's secretary, steps in to care for Luca, seeking support from her Scorpioni friends, including eccentric would-be artist Arabella. They teach Luca about life and the arts. Elsa Morganthal, a rich young American widow who Scorpioni matron Lady Hester Random barely tolerates, sets up a financial trust for Luca when she hears his mother has died, as she was fond of her and still owes her money for her dressmaking services.

One day, when the ladies are having afternoon tea, Italian Fascists attack the café, reflecting the increasingly uncertain position of the expatriate community. Lady Hester, widow of Britain's former ambassador to Italy, retains an admiring faith in Benito Mussolini. She visits him, receiving his assurances of their safety, and proudly recounts her "tea with Mussolini".

As the political situation continues to deteriorate, the Scorpioni find their status and liberties diminishing. Luca's father decides Italy's future is with Germany rather than Britain, so sends Luca to an Austrian boarding school.

Five years later, Luca plans to study art in Florence with Elsa's trust fund. He finds that most British nationals are fleeing the country, anticipating Mussolini's declaration of war on Great Britain, and that Mary has moved in with Lady Hester and the other English hold-outs. Arriving at the house just as they – and Hester's grandson Wilfred, disguised as a woman – are being transported to the Tuscan town of San Gimignano, he follows.

As the U.S. is not at war, Elsa and her American compatriot Georgie Rockwell, an openly lesbian archaeologist, remain free. Elsa uses Luca to deliver forged orders and funds to have the ladies moved from their barren quarters to an upper class hotel. Believing that Mussolini helped, Lady Hester is delighted, proudly brandishing the newspaper photo of her tea with Il Duce.

As the war progresses, Jewish oppression increases and the Jewish Elsa – protected somewhat by her citizenship and wealth – gets a group of Italian Jews fake passports, enlisting Luca – who is enamored of her – to deliver them. However he becomes jealous when seeing she's involved with Italian lawyer Vittorio.

When the U.S. enters the war in 1941, Elsa and Georgie are interned with the British women. Elsa has been tricked by Vittorio, who embezzles her art collection and money, and who plans to deliver her to the German Gestapo in a phony escape to Switzerland. Luca knows but tells no one out of jealous spite. Mary learns of it from Elsa's art dealer and scolds him.

Luca's attitude changes and he gives his trust fund money to the Italian resistance movement, which Wilfred has joined. Elsa refuses to believe Vittorio's betrayal until Lady Hester who had just been scolded by Mary who had finally had enough of Hester's praise for Mussolini and also told her what Elsa has done for all of them, so Hester repents and offers gratitude and help. Elsa's escape plan is hatched by Mary, Luca and Wilfred. Before leaving, she tells Luca she supported his young mother to go through with her pregnancy, so he could be there for her.

In July 1944, as the British Army advances toward San Gimignano, Arabella defends her frescoes from demolition by German troops, heroically joined in the line of fire by Georgie and the English women, including Lady Hester. They are saved when the Germans retreat, leaving the women and the towers untouched.

The city rejoices as the Scots Guards arrive, with Luca now serving as their Italian interpreter. The major has orders to evacuate the Scorpioni but Lady Hester refuses, resolved that they will resume their former lives in Italy. Mary is delighted to see that Luca – now in British uniform – has become the "English gentleman" his father wished him to be.

Closing texts explain the mostly happy fates of the characters, concluding with the remark that Luca has become an artist and helped with the making of the film.

Cast

Joan Plowright as Mary Wallace, a British expatriate who becomes a surrogate mother for Luca
Maggie Smith as Lady Hester Random, widow of the former British ambassador to Italy
Cher as Elsa Morganthal Strauss-Armistan, a wealthy American socialite
Judi Dench as Arabella, an aspiring artist and art lover
Lily Tomlin as Georgina 'Georgie' Rockwell, an openly lesbian American archaeologist
Tessa Pritchard as Connie Raynor, a journalist for The Morning Post
Baird Wallace as Luca Innocente, as a teenager
Charlie Lucas as Luca Innocente, as a child
Paul Chequer as Wilfred 'Lucy' Random, Lady Hester's grandson
Paolo Seganti as Vittorio Fanfanni, a lawyer and Elsa's lover
Mino Bellei as Cesare, an art dealer and close friend of Elsa
Massimo Ghini as Paolo Guarnieri Innocente, Luca's father
Michael Williams as the British Consul
Claudio Spadaro as Benito Mussolini
Pino Colizzi as Dino Grandi
Paula Jacobs as Molly

Michael Williams, who was married to Judi Dench in real life, died not long after the film was finished. This film marks his last screen appearance.

Production

Angela Lansbury was offered the role of Mary Wallace, but had to drop out when her husband became ill. Lady Hester Random is based upon a real resident of Florence whom Zeffirelli knew in his childhood. Zeffirelli mentions her and a couple of other ladies of the Scorpioni in his autobiography. He said: "I don't remember if she was called Hester, but I remember this terrible, fantastic woman. She was the dowager of the community. I remember the many outrageous things she did because she could afford to be arrogant and bossy."^[3]

Reception

The film opened tenth at the U.S. box office with $1,633,183 for the weekend, eventually grossing a worldwide total of $45,566,200, considerably more than its budget. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a rating of 65% from 40 reviews with the consensus: "Tea with Mussolini contains few surprises, but this amiably ambling drama is too likeable – and well-cast – to completely resist."^[4] Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "There are some scary, somber moments in this lushest of period pieces, yet Zeffirelli wisely sustains a gallant, predominantly blithe spirit throughout. Tea with Mussolini leaves you feeling that, if in reality not everything that Zeffirelli recalls had quite so much dash, whimsy and gallantry, it's the way it should have been."^[5]

Awards and nominations

Won

2000 – BAFTA Awards – Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role; Maggie Smith.^[6]
2000 – Hollywood Makeup Artist and Hair Stylist Guild Awards – Best Period Hair Styling Feature; Vivian McAteer.^{[citation needed]}
2000 – Italian National Syndicate of Film Journalists – Best Costume Design (Migliori Costumi); Anna Anni, Alberto Spiazzi.^[7]