Syntormon

Syntormon

Syntormon
Syntormon pallipes, North Wales
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Clade: Pancrustacea
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Family: Dolichopodidae
Subfamily: Sympycninae
Genus: Syntormon
Loew, 1857[1]
Type species
Rhaphium metathesis
Loew, 1857
Synonyms[2][3]
  • Bathycranium Strobl, 1892
  • Eutarsus Loew, 1857
    (nec Hessling, 1852)
  • Plectropus Haliday, 1832
    (nec Kirby, 1826)
  • Synarthrus Loew, 1857
  • Ceratopos Vaillant, 1952[4]

Syntormon is a genus of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It includes about 110 species worldwide, more than 50 of which were described from the Palaearctic realm.[5]

Etymology

Front view of the head of S. pallipes. The small thumb-shaped projection of the second segment of the antennae, after which the genus is named, is visible.

The name Syntormon is derived from the Ancient Greek word συντορμόω (syntormóō, "I connect by inserted pins"); it refers to the second segment of the antennae, the pedicel, which has a small thumb-shaped projection going into the inner side of the postpedicel (the first unit of the third segment, the flagellum), appearing as if it were a pin inserted into a socket.[1][6][7]

Species

The following species are included in the genus:[note 1]

Subgenus Syntormon Loew, 1857:

Subgenus Drymonoeca Becker, 1907:

Unrecognised species:

  • Syntormon decoratus (Haliday, 1832)

Synonyms:

Syntormon guizhouensis Wang & Yang, 2006[18] is an unavailable name, as it does not satisfy ICZN Articles 16.1 and 16.4: the original publication does not explicitly indicate the name to be intentionally new, and the fixation of name-bearing types for the species is not explicit.[23]

Notes

  1. ^ Masculine name endings are used in this list following Grichanov (2013, 2026), who argued that Syntormon has masculine gender because Loew originally treated it as masculine.[5][8] Alternatively, the genus has been argued to have neuter gender, based on the name ending in "-on".[9] This would mean the species names would instead have neuter endings, e.g. "tarsatum" instead of "tarsatus". This does not apply to species names using nouns in apposition, such as aotearoa and macula, which retain the original spelling regardless of gender. A case on the subject of the gender of Syntormon has been submitted to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.[10][11]
  2. ^ This species is sometimes treated as a synonym of Syntormon pallipes.

References

  1. ^ a b Loew, Hermann (1857). "Neue Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Dipteren. Fünfter Beitrag". Programm der Königlichen Realschule zu Meseritz: 1–56.
  2. ^ a b Speight, M. C. D; Blackith, R. M.; Blackith, R. E. (1995). "Bathycranium : synonymised with Syntormon, distinction between Parasyntormon and Syntormon discussed and S. bicolorellus and S. luteicornis (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) redescribed". Insecta Mundi. 9 (3–4): 351–362. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  3. ^ Evenhuis, N.L.; Bickel, D.J. (2021). "Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on Dolichopodidae genus-group names (Insecta: Diptera)" (PDF). Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 141 (Systema Dipterorum Nomenclatural Notes. I): 5–11.
  4. ^ Vaillant, F. (1952). "Contribution à l'Étude des Dolichopodidae d'Algerie (Diptères) - I". Bulletin de la Société d'histoire naturelle d'Afrique du Nord. 41 (5–6): 35–40.
  5. ^ a b c d Grichanov, Igor Ya (2013). "Systematic notes on West-Palearctic species of the genus Syntormon Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)". All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection RAAS. Supplement: 1–95. ISSN 1815-3682. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  6. ^ Loew, H. (1864). "Monographs of the Diptera of North America. Part II". Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. 6: 1–360.
  7. ^ d'Assis Fonseca, E.C.M. (1978). Diptera Orthorrhapha Brachycera Dolichopodidae (PDF). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects. Vol. IX, Part 5. Royal Entomological Society of London. p. 6. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  8. ^ Grichanov, I.Ya. (2026). "A checklist of species-group names under the genus-group name Syntormon and its derivates (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)". Amurian Zoological Journal. 18 (1): 301–309. doi:10.33910/2686-9519-2026-18-1-301-309.
  9. ^ "An Update of the 1998 Checklist of Diptera of the British Isles" (PDF). Dipterists Forum. 2 January 2021. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 June 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  10. ^ ICZN (2021). "Notice of New Applications to the Commission (Case 3839–3852)". The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 78 (1): 2–3. doi:10.21805/bzn.v78.a002.
  11. ^ Drake, C. Martin; Welter-Schultes, Francisco (2025). "Case 3852 – Syntormon Loew, 1857 (Diptera, Dolichopodidae): proposed confirmation of neuter gender". The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 82 (1): 53–57. doi:10.21805/bzn.v82.a011.
  12. ^ a b c d e Bickel, D. J. (1999). "Australian Sympycninae II: Syntormon Loew and Nothorhaphium, gen. nov., with a treatment of the Western Pacific fauna, and notes on the subfamily Rhaphiinae and Dactylonotus Parent (Diptera : Dolichopodidae)". Invertebrate Taxonomy. 13 (1): 179–206. doi:10.1071/IT97028.
  13. ^ Grichanov, I.Ya. (2023). "Afrotropical Dolichopodoidae (Diptera) Catalog: Second addition with description of a new Syntormon species from Kenya". Amurian Zoological Journal. 15 (2): 308–315. doi:10.33910/2686-9519-2023-15-2-308-315.
  14. ^ Becker, Theodor (1922). "Dipterologische Studien – Dolichopodidae der Indo-Australischen Region". Capita Zoologica. 1 (4): 1–247. Archived from the original on 27 April 2023. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  15. ^ Maslova, O. O.; Negrobov, O. P.; Selivanova, O. V. (2017). "A new species of the genus Syntormon Loew, 1857 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Primorye" (PDF). Far Eastern Entomologist (334): 21–24. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 January 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
  16. ^ a b c Grichanov, I. Ya. (2001). "Afrotropical Syntormon Loew and new synonyms in the genus Rhaphium Loew (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)". International Journal of Dipterological Research. 12 (4): 181–194. Archived from the original on 23 April 2019. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  17. ^ Grichanov, I. Ya. (2020). "Afrotropical Dolichopodoidae (Diptera) catalogue: Changes and corrections". Amurian Zoological Journal. 12 (4): 406–411. doi:10.33910/2686-9519-2020-12-4-406-411. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
  18. ^ a b Wang, Mengqing; Yang, Ding; Masunaga, Kazuhiro (2006). "Note on Syntormon from Chinese Mainland (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)". Transactions of the American Entomological Society. 132 (1/2): 129–132. doi:10.3157/0002-8320(2006)132[129:NOSFCM]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 25078919. S2CID 129143070.
  19. ^ Van Duzee, M.C. (1933). "New American Dolichopidae" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (655). New York City: The American Museum of Natural History: 1–20. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 January 2017. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
  20. ^ Drake, C.M. (2020). "The identity of Syntormon pseudospicatum Strobl (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)". Dipterists Digest. Second Series. 27: 61–82.
  21. ^ Qian, X-Y.; Tang, C-F.; Wang, N.; Yang, D. (2024). "Syntormon Loew (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) from Inner Mongolia, China, with the description of a new species". ZooKeys. 1212: 143–152. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1212.119024.
  22. ^ Drake, C.M. (2021). "Comments on the taxonomic status of some British species of Syntormon Loew, 1857 (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)". Dipterists Digest. Second Series. 28: 17–44.
  23. ^ Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2017). "Alphabetic list of generic and specific names of predatory flies of the epifamily Dolichopodoidae (Diptera). 2nd ed" (PDF). Plant Protection News, Supplements (23). St.Petersburg: All-Union Research Institute of Plant Protection (VISR). doi:10.5281/zenodo.884863. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 January 2022. Retrieved 9 April 2022.

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