Sydney Football Stadium (1988)

Sydney Football Stadium
Map
AddressDriver Avenue
Moore Park
Australia
Coordinates33°53′21″S 151°13′31″E / 33.88917°S 151.22528°E / -33.88917; 151.22528
OwnerGovernment of New South Wales via the Sydney Cricket Ground Trust
OperatorSydney Cricket Ground Trust
Executive suites65
Capacity
  • 45,500 (venue capacity)
  • 44,000 (seated capacity)
Record attendance44,380 – Sydney Roosters vs South Sydney Rabbitohs, 22 September 2018
Field size140 metres × 79 metres
SurfaceGrass
ScoreboardYes
ScreensYes
Construction
Broke ground1986 (1986)
Opened24 January 1988; 36 years ago (1988-01-24)
Closed5 October 2018; 6 years ago (2018-10-05)
Demolished18 December 2019; 4 years ago (2019-12-18)
Construction cost$68 million
ArchitectPhilip Cox
Richardson & Taylor
Tenants

The Sydney Football Stadium, commercially known as Allianz Stadium and previously Aussie Stadium, was a football stadium in the Moore Park suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Built in 1988 next to the Sydney Cricket Ground, the stadium was Sydney's premier rectangular field venue for rugby league, rugby union and football.

Australia's national football teams, the Kangaroos, the Wallabies, and the Socceroos occasionally played at the stadium, while the Eastern Suburbs/Sydney City/Sydney Roosters, NSW Waratahs, and Sydney FC were the ground's major tenants. The stadium usually held both National Rugby League semi finals and one preliminary final, and also held the annual pre-season Charity Shield football match between South Sydney and St George Illawarra for a number of years. It hosted all New South Wales Rugby League/Australian Rugby League rugby league grand finals, as well as the first grand final under the NRL banner, between 1988 and 1998.

The NSW Government announced plans in November 2017 for the stadium to be demolished and rebuilt. The stadium closed on 5 October 2018, with the last event being a Michael Bublé concert. Demolition began in early 2019, continuing after several legal challenges and becoming a major issue during the 2019 state election. It was ultimately replaced by the stadium of the same name opening on 28 August 2022.

History

Background

Sydney Sports Ground in 1937

Prior to its construction, major events were usually held at the Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG), as it was the largest stadium in Sydney. Although it was used many times for such events, the SCG's oval shape meant it was not ideal for sports like soccer, rugby league and rugby union that require a rectangular field.

Sydney Football Stadium was built upon the former Sydney Sports Ground in Moore Park, and the former SCG No 2 adjacent to the existing SCG. Both were owned by the Sydney Cricket Ground Trust. It was built by Civil & Civic[1] and officially opened by Premier Barrie Unsworth on 24 January 1988. The first sporting event was a rugby league match between the Eastern Suburbs Roosters and St George Dragons on 4 March 1988.

Its seating capacity was 41,159, but after numerous expansions, finally stood at 45,500 [citation needed], although the record attendance for a sporting event was 44,380 [citation needed], set on 22 September 2018 for, ironically, the last sporting event it ever held: the 2018 NRL Finals Series match between the Sydney Roosters and South Sydney Rabbitohs.

Use

An aerial view of the stadium and its surrounds

The Sydney Football Stadium was the Sydney Roosters' home ground from 1988. It was built on the site of the old Sydney Sports Ground which served as the Roosters home ground for decades, and the old SCG No 2 which served as a secondary ground for some state cricket matches, an additional training ground, and athletics. Both grounds were demolished in 1986 to make way for the SFS.

The first event held at the venue marked the beginning of the 1988 rugby league season, with a match between the then Eastern Suburbs Roosters and the St George Dragons on Friday 4 March 1988. St George won the game 24–14. The Roosters had to wait until Round 5 that season for their first win at the venue, defeating the Gold Coast Giants 28–10.

From 1988 to 1999 and from 2002 to 2005, it also served as the home ground for the South Sydney Rabbitohs.[2] The Rabbitohs returned to the ground with a one-off game against the Broncos in Round 25 of the 2015 NRL season.[3]

The SFS has hosted rugby league football test matches since its opening in 1988 starting with two matches in Australia's 1988 Ashes series win against Great Britain. The first game of the series saw the Wally Lewis captained, Don Furner coached Australians christen their new Sydney home with a 17–6 win in front of 24,480 fans. That game was also the 100th test match between Australia and either Great Britain or England. The record international Rugby League crowd at the stadium was set for the first Ashes against Great Britain on their 1992 Australasian Tour when Australia won 22–6 in front of 40,141 in what was the first time a test in Sydney had attracted over 40,000 fans since 1974. The stadium has also hosted the Rugby League Tri-Nations, including the Final of the 2006 tournament in which Australia triumphed 16–12 over New Zealand in Golden point extra-time thanks to a try by captain Darren Lockyer.

Rugby league also had some memorable moments including: The first grand final in 1988 saw Canterbury-Bankstown defeat Balmain 24–12 in front of 40,000 fans to send former club captain Steve Mortimer into retirement with a premiership. The match had its controversial moment when Bulldogs Five-eighth Terry Lamb hit Tigers English import Centre Ellery Hanley with a high tackle out of the game before the 30th minute: The 1989 NSWRL grand final which was won by the Canberra Raiders over the Balmain Tigers 19-14 thanks to a try by replacement forward Steve Jackson in extra-time for their first premiership: The 1991 NSWRL grand final won by the Penrith Panthers over Canberra 19–12 in which Penrith's Royce Simmons scored 2 tries in his final match giving the Panthers their first title: Brisbane's maiden premiership with a 28–8 win over St. George in 1992 NSWRL grand final, highlighted by a 95-metre try to Broncos Centre Steve Renouf: and the 1997 ARL Grand Final between the Newcastle Knights and the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles, with the Knights winning their first title with a 22–16 win following a try to Darren Albert in the dying seconds of the game after the Knights had trailed Manly since early in the game. Manly had won their previous 11 games against the Knights prior to that Grand Final.

The last grand final played at the SFS was the 1998 NRL Grand Final between Canterbury and Brisbane. In front of 40,857 fans, the Broncos ran out easy 38-12 winners to win their fourth premiership from four grand Final appearances.

Two standout State Of Origin matches in which Queensland triumphed over New South Wales with last-minute victories in 1994 and 1998, as well as Michael O'Connor's sideline conversion in driving rain for a NSW win in Game 2 of the 1991 series. Also of note was Queensland's backs to the wall win in Game 2 of the 1989. Despite losing Allan Langer to a broken leg, Mal Meninga with a fractured eye socket and Paul Vautin with an elbow injury in the first half, plus losing winger Michael Hancock to a shoulder injury in the second half, the Maroons triumphed 16–12 to wrap up the series. It was also found out after the game that Queensland's lock forward Bob Lindner had played most of the second half with a fractured ankle.[4]

The Sydney Football Stadium has been the venue of some of Australian sport's greatest matches and moments. The final of the 1993 World Youth Cup between Brazil and Ghana was also held at the SFS, Brazil winning 2–1. The 1994 FIFA World Cup qualifier between Australia and Argentina featuring Argentine association football legend Diego Maradona, finishing in a 1–1 draw with goals to Aurelio Vidmar for Australia and Abel Balbo for Argentina. Despite the grounds increase in capacity since 1993, this match retains the record sporting attendance at the SFS and many more were actually in attendance as the gates were thrown open close to kick-off as a safety measure.

It was used as the venue for the 2000 Summer Olympics Women's association football gold medal match between Norway and the United States. Norway defeated the USA 3–2 in front of 22,848 fans.[5]

In 2002, the naming rights were purchased by Aussie Home Loans in a 5-year + 5-year deal. Due to this, the stadium was renamed Aussie Stadium. On 7 July 2007 the stadium reverted to its original Sydney Football Stadium name after Aussie Home Loans and the SCG Trust mutually elected not to extend the naming rights deal.

In 2003, the SFS hosted several matches in the Rugby World Cup: (Ireland v Namibia), (Argentina v Romania), (Scotland v Fiji), (South Africa v Georgia), (Georgia v Uruguay; this match was notable for attracting a crowd of 28,576, despite the low profiles of both teams).

In 2007 the Sydney Roosters High Performance Centre and Administrative departments set up their headquarters at the Sydney Football Stadium.[6]

The 2008 Rugby League World Cup's opening ceremony and Group A match between Australia and New Zealand was played at the Stadium. The SFS also hosted one game from the knockout stage: the second semi-final between Australia and Fiji.

In 2012, Allianz Insurance secured the rights to the naming of the Sydney Football Stadium; the venue is now known as Allianz Stadium.[7]

In 2018, Allianz Stadium hosted one of three AFL pre-season mini competitions called AFLX.[8]

Development

Pre-match formalities taking place prior to the Dragons vs Roosters Anzac Day clash in 2018.

In 2012 Sydney Cricket Ground Trust announced a master plan to redevelop Sydney Football Stadium, as well as Sydney Cricket Ground and the surrounding area, with a vision "for the SCG and Allianz Stadium is to create an exciting new concept for Sydney’s central sporting precinct - a revitalised, world-class, sports and recreation facility for NSW and Australia". The development of Sydney Football Stadium would have included a new fully covered roof and a new LED facade mesh for the stadium which would allow the exterior to change colours to suit the home team, similar to Munich's Allianz Arena. As well, development to the surrounding area would have included a new public plaza between the Sydney Cricket Ground and Sydney Football Stadium, new transport infrastructure, new underground car parks (4,100 cars) and development of the surrounding parkland. The scheduled start date for the project would have commenced after the completion of the Sydney Cricket Ground redevelopment, in January 2014.[citation needed] In early 2015, the video screens were replaced with large High Definition screens similar to the one at the Dally Messenger Stand at the SCG.

In September 2015, the New South Wales Government announced a proposal to replace the SFS with a new 50,000 to 55,000 seat venue.[9][10] The proposed new stadium was cancelled in April 2016, with the SFS to be refurbished instead.

On 8 March 2019, the NSW government announced that the stadium would be demolished

Rebuilding

In 2017 the NSW Government announced that the Sydney Football Stadium along with Stadium Australia will be demolished and rebuilt at the cost of $2.3 billion.[11] The final event at the stadium was a Michael Bublé concert on 5 October 2018. Demolition began in early 2019. In December 2019, the NSW Government awarded the construction contract for the new Sydney Football Stadium to the John Holland Group, with a planned completion date in time for the September 2022 NRL Grand Final.[12]

Sporting events

Panorama of Sydney Football Stadium from the north-west corner before an A-League game between Sydney FC and Melbourne Victory, 14 Feb 2010

Concerts

Other events

  • 2005: the Edinburgh Military Tattoo - A Salute to Australia.
  • February 2007: the stadium was recently under renovation, during which the capacity was expanded to 45,500, and a second video screen was added. Renovations were completed.
  • March 2015: The two video screens were replaced with much larger screens. [citation needed]

Attendance records

Record Attendance Date Result Event
Rugby league 44,380 22 September 2018 Sydney Roosters def. South Sydney 12–4 2018 NRL Finals Series
Rugby union 44,085 23 June 2018  Ireland def.  Australia 20–16 Lansdowne Cup
Soccer 43,967 31 October 1993 Australia  1–1  Argentina 1994 FIFA World Cup qualifier
As of 23 September 2018[17]

Grand finals

From its opening in 1988, until 1998, the Sydney Football Stadium was the venue for the NSWRL/ARL/NRL grand final, and has also hosted three A-League grand finals.

Rugby league

Year Date Result Attendance
1988 11 September Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs def. Balmain Tigers 24–12 40,000
1989 24 September Canberra Raiders def. Balmain Tigers 19–14 (ET) 40,500
1990 23 September Canberra Raiders def. Penrith Panthers 18–14 41,535
1991 21 September Penrith Panthers def. Canberra Raiders 19–12 41,815
1992 27 September Brisbane Broncos def. St George Dragons 28–8 41,560
1993 26 September Brisbane Broncos def. St George Dragons 14–6 42,329
1994 25 September Canberra Raiders def. Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs 36–12 42,234
1995 24 September Sydney Bulldogs def. Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles 17–4 41,127
1996 29 September Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles def. St George Dragons 20–8 40,985
1997 28 September Newcastle Knights def. Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles 22–16 42,482
1998 27 September Brisbane Broncos def. Canterbury Bulldogs 38–12 40,857

* Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs and Canberra Raiders hold the record for the most grand Final appearances at the stadium with four each. The Bulldogs appeared as Canterbury-Bankstown in 1988 and 1994, as the Sydney Bulldogs in 1995 and as the Canterbury Bulldogs in 1998
* Canberra and the Brisbane Broncos hold the record for most grand final wins at the stadium with three each.
* Brisbane and the Newcastle Knights are the only teams to win each of their grand finals played at the stadium.
* St George and Balmain are the only clubs who failed to win in any of their grand Final appearances at the stadium.
* Canterbury-Bankstown appeared in the first and last grand finals at the SFS.
* Brisbane's 26 point win over Canterbury-Bankstown in 1998 is the biggest grand final winning margin at the SFS. Canberra's 4 point win over Penrith in 1990 is the smallest winning margin.

A-League

Since the A-League's first season in 2006, the Sydney Football Stadium has hosted the A-League grand final on four occasions, including the inaugural grand final between Sydney FC and the Central Coast Mariners.

Year Date Result Attendance
2006 5 March Sydney FC 1–0 Central Coast Mariners 41,689
2008 24 February Central Coast Mariners 0–1 Newcastle Jets 36,354
2013 21 April Western Sydney Wanderers 0–2 Central Coast Mariners 42,102
2017 7 May Sydney FC 1–1 (4–2) Melbourne Victory 41,546

Rugby league test matches

The Football Stadium has hosted twelve Australia internationals and one involving the Australian Super League. The results were as follows;[18]

Date "Home" "Away" Result Attendance Part of
11 June 1988 Australia Australia  Great Britain 17–6 24,480 1988 Ashes series
100th test match between Australia and Great Britain / England
9 July 1988 12–26 15,944 1988 Ashes series
1985–1988 Rugby League World Cup group stage
27 July 1988 Rest of the World 22-10 15,301 1988 Bicentenary
24 July 1991 New Zealand New Zealand 44–0 34,911 1991 Trans-Tasman Test series
12 June 1992 United Kingdom Great Britain 22–6 40,141 1992 Ashes series
7 July 1995 New Zealand New Zealand 20–10 27,568 1995 Trans-Tasman Test series
25 April 1997* New Zealand New Zealand 34–22 23,829 1997 Anzac Test
12 July 2002 United Kingdom Great Britain 64–10 31,844
25 July 2003 New Zealand New Zealand 48–6 30,605
4 November 2006 United Kingdom Great Britain 12–23 24,953 2006 Rugby League Tri-Nations
25 November 2006 New Zealand New Zealand 16–12 27,325 2006 Rugby League Tri-Nations Final
26 October 2008 30–6 34,157 2008 Rugby League World Cup Group A
16 November 2008 Fiji Fiji 52–0 15,855 2008 Rugby League World Cup Semi-final
2 May 2014 New Zealand New Zealand 30–18 25,459 2014 Anzac Test
4 November 2017 England England Lebanon Lebanon 29–10 10,237 2017 Rugby League World Cup Group A Match
11 November 2017 Australia Australia Lebanon Lebanon 34–0 21,127 2017 Rugby League World Cup Group A Match

* 1997 Anzac Test match played against the Australian Super League team. The Australian Rugby League and Australian Rugby League Commission do not count this as an official test, though it is counted by the New Zealand Rugby League and the Rugby League International Federation.

Rugby union test matches

Since its opening in 1988, the Football Stadium has hosted twenty seven Australia rugby union internationals. The results were as follows;

Date Opponents Result Attendance
1 July 1989 British and Irish Lions 30–12 39,433
15 July 1989 18–19 39,401
9 June 1990  France 21–9 34,572
30 July 1990 19–28 34,776
27 July 1991  England 40–15 39,681
10 August 1991  New Zealand 21–12 41,565
13 June 1992  Scotland 27–12 35,535
4 July 1992  New Zealand 16–15 39,870
25 July 1992 23–26 40,438
31 July 1993  South Africa 20–28 41,190
21 August 1993 19–12 41,877
11 June 1994  Ireland 32–18 37,239
6 August 1994  Samoa 73–3 30,167
17 August 1994  New Zealand 20–16 41,917
6 May 1995  Argentina 30–13 27,829
29 July 1995  New Zealand 23–34 39,327
22 June 1996  Wales 42–3 35,784
13 July 1996  South Africa 21–16 41,850
21 June 1997  France 29–15 31,572
12 July 1997  England 25–6 40,132
13 June 1998  Scotland 45–3 36,263
29 August 1998  New Zealand 19–14 40,501
23 June 2012  Wales 20–19 42,889
21 June 2014  France 39–13 43,188
25 June 2016  England 40–44 44,063
17 June 2017  Scotland 19–24 30,721
23 June 2018  Ireland 16–20 44,085

Rugby World Cup

The SFS also hosted five 2003 Rugby World Cup matches but none of them involved Australia. The results were as follows;

Date Competition Home team Away team Attendance
19 October 2003 2003 Rugby World Cup Pool A  Ireland 64  Namibia 7 35,382
22 October 2003 2003 Rugby World Cup Pool A  Argentina 50  Romania 3 33,673
24 October 2003 2003 Rugby World Cup Pool C  South Africa 46  Georgia 19 34,308
28 October 2003 2003 Rugby World Cup Pool C  Georgia 12  Uruguay 24 28,576
1 November 2003 2003 Rugby World Cup Pool B  Scotland 22  Fiji 20 37,137

International soccer

List of international soccer matches played at the Sydney Football Stadium since 1988 (Senior men's games only).

Test# Date Result Attendance
1 14 July 1988 Australia  4–1  Argentina 18,985
2 17 July 1988 Australia  0–2  Brazil 28,161
3 12 March 1989 Australia  4–1  New Zealand 13,621
4 16 April 1989 Australia  1–1  Israel 40,320
5 1 June 1991 Australia  0–1  England 35,743
6 26 January 1992 Australia  0–0  Sweden 13,456
7 12 July 1992 Australia  0–0  Croatia 12,735
8 15 August 1993 Australia  2–1  Canada 25,982
9 31 October 1993 Australia  1–1  Argentina 43,967
10 12 June 1994 Australia  1–0  South Africa 17,769
11 11 February 1995 Australia  0–1  Colombia 15,000
12 15 February 1995 Australia  2–1  Japan 4,541
13 18 June 1995 Australia  1–0  Ghana 18,446
14 28 February 1996 Australia  0–0  Sweden 13,905
15 25 January 1997 Australia  1–0  Norway 17,429
16 11 February 1998 Australia  1–0  South Korea 9,823
17 9 June 2000 Australia  0–0  Paraguay 10,000
18 21 May 2004 Australia  1–3  Turkey 28,326
19 12 October 2004 Australia  6–1  Solomon Islands 19,208
20 16 August 2006 Australia  2–0  Kuwait 32,622
21 11 October 2006 Australia  2–0  Bahrain 36,606
22 23 May 2008 Australia  1–0  Ghana 29,914
23 10 October 2009 Australia  0–0  Netherlands 40,537
24 9 October 2010 Australia  1–0  Paraguay 25,210
25 19 November 2013 Australia  1–0  Costa Rica 20,165
26 29 March 2016 Australia  5–1  Jordan 24,975

2000 Olympic Games

The Football Stadium hosted five games of the 2000 Olympic Games Men's Football tournament including a quarter final, a semi-final and the bronze medal match. It also hosted five matches of the Women's Football tournament including a Semi-final and the bronze and gold medal matches.

Men's tournament

Date Time (AEST) Team #1 Result Team #2 Round Attendance
16 September 2000 20:00  Australia 2–3  Nigeria Group A 38,080
19 September 2000 20:00  Australia 1–2  Honduras Group A 37,788
23 September 2000 20:00  Italy 0–1  Spain Quarter-final 3 38,134
26 September 2000 20:00  Spain 3–1  United States Semi-final 1 39,800
29 September 2000 20:00  United States 0–2  Chile Bronze medal match 26,381

Women's tournament

Date Time (AEST) Team #1 Result Team #2 Round Attendance
16 September 2000 17:00  Australia 1–1  Sweden Group E 33,600
19 September 2000 17:00  Australia 1–2  Brazil Group E 29,400
24 September 2000 17:30  Germany 0–1  Norway Semi-final 1 16,710
28 September 2000 17:00  Germany 2–0  Brazil Bronze Medal match 11,200
28 September 2000 20:00  Norway 3–2 (a.e.t.)  United States Gold Medal match 22,848

See also

State of Origin

From 1988 to 1998, the Sydney Football Stadium was the home of the New South Wales rugby league team in the State of Origin series.

Game# Date Result Attendance Year
1 17 May 1988 Queensland def. New South Wales 26–18 26,441 1988
2 21 June 1988 Queensland def. New South Wales 38–22 16,910
3 14 June 1989 Queensland def. New South Wales 16–12 40,000 1989
4 9 May 1990 New South Wales def. Queensland 8–0 41,235 1990
5 9 May 1991 New South Wales def. Queensland 14–12 41,520 1991
6 6 May 1992 New South Wales def. Queensland 14–6 40,039 1992
7 3 June 1992 New South Wales def. Queensland 16–4 41,878
8 17 May 1993 New South Wales def. Queensland 16–12 41,895 1993
9 23 May 1994 Queensland def. New South Wales 16–12 41,859 1994
10 15 May 1995 Queensland def. New South Wales 2–0 39,841 1995
11 3 June 1996 New South Wales def. Queensland 18–6 41,955 1996
12 23 May 1997 Queensland def. New South Wales 18–12 33,241 1997
13 22 May 1998 Queensland def. New South Wales 24–23 36,070 1998
14 19 June 1998 Queensland def. New South Wales 19–4 39,952

Statues

Transport

Sydney Football Stadium could be accessed by car, public transport and by walking. The nearest railway station was Central station, three kilometres away. On event days, express shuttle buses ran every five minutes from Chalmers Street at Central station to Moore Park. The buses utilised a bus road off Anzac Parade to improve travel times. In 2015, the Albert Cotter Bridge opened across Anzac Parade opened to improve the pedestrian links between the stadium and Central station and Surry Hills.[19]

References

  1. ^ "Allianz Stadium". Structurae. Retrieved 28 October 2022.
  2. ^ Club Records Archived 19 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine at rabbitohs.com.au
  3. ^ "2015 Draw & Results". www.nrl.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015.
  4. ^ Meares, Peter (2003). Legends of Australian sport: The Inside Story. Australia: University of Queensland Press. p. 140. ISBN 978-0-7022-3410-1.
  5. ^ 2000 Summer Olympics official report. Volume 1. p. 385.
  6. ^ "SCG Trust Timeline". sydneycricketground.com.au. Sydney Cricket & Sports Ground Trust. Archived from the original on 14 September 2009. Retrieved 2 September 2009.
  7. ^ "Sydney FC's Home Ground Has A New Name". FFA. 29 February 2012. Archived from the original on 31 October 2013. Retrieved 29 February 2012.
  8. ^ "The full AFLX fixture revealed". NewsComAu. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
  9. ^ "New 30,000-seat Parramatta stadium among premier's $1.6b promises". The Sydney Morning Herald. 4 September 2015.
  10. ^ "$1 billion for Sydney stadiums". New South Wales Government. 4 September 2015. Archived from the original on 15 June 2016. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
  11. ^ "Olympic Stadium and the Sydney Football Stadium will be demolished and rebuilt". ABC News. 12 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  12. ^ "Sydney Football Stadium Redevelopment : John Holland". www.johnholland.com.au. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
  13. ^ "SFS re-names Allianz Stadium". 29 February 2012. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
  14. ^ "The Rice Owls and Stanford Cardinal Will Battle in Sydney Australia to open 2017 Season". beIN SPORTS USA. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
  15. ^ "The final countdown". www.scgt.nsw.gov.au. Archived from the original on 18 September 2018. Retrieved 18 September 2018.
  16. ^ "Taylor Swift Is First Female Artist In History to Sell Out Sydney's Allianz Stadium". 5 December 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
  17. ^ "Allianz Stadium Record Crowds". scgt.nsw.gov.au. Archived from the original on 6 April 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
  18. ^ SFS results @ Rugby League Project
  19. ^ Shared path bridge over Anzac Parade at Moore Park Archived 20 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine Road & Maritime Services