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SPAG9
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2W83
Identifiers
Aliases	SPAG9, CT89, HLC-6, HLC4, JIP-4, JIP4, JLP, PHET, PIG6, HLC6, sperm associated antigen 9
External IDs	OMIM: 605430; MGI: 1918084; HomoloGene: 2954; GeneCards: SPAG9; OMA:SPAG9 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (human)
End	51,120,868 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	94,016,911 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	Achilles tendon; ; ventricular zone; ; sural nerve; ; ganglionic eminence; ; corpus callosum; ; internal globus pallidus; ; inferior ganglion of vagus nerve; ; endothelial cell; ; cartilage tissue; ; subthalamic nucleus;
	Top expressed in
	otolith organ; ; utricle; ; superior cervical ganglion; ; sciatic nerve; ; trigeminal ganglion; ; substantia nigra; ; mammillary body; ; superior colliculus; ; cerebellar vermis; ; lobe of cerebellum;
	More reference expression data
	; ; ; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	JUN kinase binding; MAP-kinase scaffold activity; mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 binding; protein binding; kinesin binding; signaling receptor complex adaptor activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; microtubule organizing center; acrosomal vesicle; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; extracellular exosome; cytoplasmic vesicle; cytoplasm; cytosol; lysosomal membrane;
Biological process	positive regulation of muscle cell differentiation; positive regulation of cell migration; retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi; positive regulation of neuron differentiation; spermatogenesis; negative regulation of protein homodimerization activity; striated muscle cell differentiation; protein homooligomerization; positive regulation of MAPK cascade; vesicle-mediated transport; lysosome localization;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	9043
	70834
	ENSG00000008294
	ENSMUSG00000020859
	O60271
	Q58A65
	NM_001130527; NM_001130528; NM_001251971; NM_003971; NM_172345
NM_001025428; NM_001025429; NM_001025430; NM_001199203; NM_001199204;
	NM_001199205; NM_027569; NM_001363157
	NP_001123999; NP_001124000; NP_001238900; NP_003962
NP_001020599; NP_001020600; NP_001020601; NP_001186132; NP_001186133;
	NP_001186134; NP_081845; NP_001350086
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

C-jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 4 is a scaffold protein that in humans is encoded by the SPAG9 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Function

Extracellular signals are transduced into cells through mitogen-activated protein kinases. The structural organization of these kinases into specific signaling domains is facilitated by scaffolding proteins involved in closely tethering different kinases so that successive phosphorylation events can occur. The protein encoded by this gene is a scaffolding protein that brings together mitogen-activated protein kinases and their transcription factor targets for the activation of specific signaling pathways. This gene which is abundantly expressed in testicular haploid germ cells encodes a protein that is recognized by sperm-agglutinating antibodies and implicated in infertility.^[7]

Clinical significance

SPAG9 is a potential biomarker for early cervical carcinoma^[8] bladder cancer,^[9] and lung cancer.^[10]

Interactions

SPAG9 has been shown to interact with MAX.^[11]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000008294 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020859 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Shankar S, Mohapatra B, Suri A (Feb 1998). "Cloning of a novel human testis mRNA specifically expressed in testicular haploid germ cells, having unique palindromic sequences and encoding a leucine zipper dimerization motif". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 243 (2): 561–5. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7943. PMID 9480848.
^ Bowman AB, Kamal A, Ritchings BW, Philp AV, McGrail M, Gindhart JG, Goldstein LS (Nov 2000). "Kinesin-dependent axonal transport is mediated by the sunday driver (SYD) protein". Cell. 103 (4): 583–94. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)00162-8. PMID 11106729. S2CID 247102.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: SPAG9 sperm associated antigen 9".
^ Garg M, Kanojia D, Salhan S, Suri S, Gupta A, Lohiya NK, Suri A (2009). "Sperm-associated antigen 9 is a biomarker for early cervical carcinoma". Cancer. 115 (12): 2671–83. doi:10.1002/cncr.24293. PMID 19326449. S2CID 23461660.
^ Kanojia D, Garg M, Saini S, Agarwal S, Parashar D, Jagadish N, Seth A, Bhatnagar A, Gupta A, Kumar R, Lohiya NK, Suri A (2013). "Sperm associated antigen 9 plays an important role in bladder transitional cell carcinoma". PLOS ONE. 8 (12): e81348. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...881348K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081348. PMC 3857194. PMID 24349057.
^ Ren B, Wei X, Zou G, He J, Xu G, Xu F, Huang Y, Zhu H, Li Y, Ma G, Yu P (2016). "Cancer testis antigen SPAG9 is a promising marker for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer". Oncology Reports. 35 (5): 2599–605. doi:10.3892/or.2016.4645. PMC 4811394. PMID 26934841.
^ Lee CM, Onésime D, Reddy CD, Dhanasekaran N, Reddy EP (Oct 2002). "JLP: A scaffolding protein that tethers JNK/p38MAPK signaling modules and transcription factors". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (22): 14189–94. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9914189L. doi:10.1073/pnas.232310199. PMC 137859. PMID 12391307.

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Lee CM, Onésime D, Reddy CD, Dhanasekaran N, Reddy EP (Oct 2002). "JLP: A scaffolding protein that tethers JNK/p38MAPK signaling modules and transcription factors". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (22): 14189–94. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9914189L. doi:10.1073/pnas.232310199. PMC 137859. PMID 12391307.
Yasuoka H, Ihn H, Medsger TA, Hirakata M, Kawakami Y, Ikeda Y, Kuwana M (Dec 2003). "A novel protein highly expressed in testis is overexpressed in systemic sclerosis fibroblasts and targeted by autoantibodies". Journal of Immunology. 171 (12): 6883–90. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.171.12.6883. PMID 14662895.
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Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, Elias JE, Villén J, Li J, Cohn MA, Cantley LC, Gygi SP (Aug 2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (33): 12130–5. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10112130B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404720101. PMC 514446. PMID 15302935.
Jagadish N, Rana R, Selvi R, Mishra D, Garg M, Yadav S, Herr JC, Okumura K, Hasegawa A, Koyama K, Suri A (Jul 2005). "Characterization of a novel human sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) having structural homology with c-Jun N-terminal kinase-interacting protein". The Biochemical Journal. 389 (Pt 1): 73–82. doi:10.1042/BJ20041577. PMC 1184539. PMID 15693750.
Jagadish N, Rana R, Mishra D, Kumar M, Suri A (Jun 2005). "Sperm associated antigen 9 (SPAG9): a new member of c-Jun NH2 -terminal kinase (JNK) interacting protein exclusively expressed in testis". The Keio Journal of Medicine. 54 (2): 66–71. doi:10.2302/kjm.54.66. PMID 16077255.
Guinn BA, Bland EA, Lodi U, Liggins AP, Tobal K, Petters S, Wells JW, Banham AH, Mufti GJ (Oct 2005). "Humoral detection of leukaemia-associated antigens in presentation acute myeloid leukaemia". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 335 (4): 1293–304. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.024. PMID 16112646.
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Rana R, Jagadish N, Garg M, Mishra D, Dahiya N, Chaurasiya D, Suri A (Feb 2006). "Small interference RNA-mediated knockdown of sperm associated antigen 9 having structural homology with c-Jun N-terminal kinase-interacting protein". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 340 (1): 158–64. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.11.168. PMC 7092841. PMID 16356479.
Rana R, Jagadish N, Garg M, Mishra D, Dahiya N, Chaurasiya D, Suri A (Nov 2006). "Immunogenicity study of recombinant human sperm-associated antigen 9 in bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata)". Human Reproduction. 21 (11): 2894–900. doi:10.1093/humrep/del068. PMID 16959808.