The city is highly industrialized, with its industrial production reaching over 120 countries and a GDP of over R$ 32 billion, the 19th-largest in Brazil, surpassing state capitals such as São Luís, Belém, Vitória, Natal, and Florianópolis.[7] Over 22,000 companies operate in the city, 2,000 of which are industries.[8]
Dom Francisco de Sousa, general governor of Brazil (1591 to 1602), believing in the existence of gold in the region, settled the Pelourinho —a Portuguese translation of the English "pillory", symbol of the Royal power, as the village Nova Vila de Nossa Senhora da Ponte de Mont Serrat. When gold wasn't found there, the governor returned to the Royal Court. Twelve years later, Dom Francisco de Sousa changed the name of the village to Itavuvu.
Baltasar Fernandes, a member of an expeditionary group called Bandeirantes, laid the foundation of Sorocaba in the 1654. The chapel of Nossa Senhora da Ponte (which is now the Cathedral located in Fernando Prestes square, downtown) was built by him, along with the São Bento de Parnaíba monastery (now São Bento monastery) years later. It was also Fernandes who brought the first Benedictine monks to teach, assist the poor and the ill, and convert the Native Americans of the region. The monastery was donated to the Benedictines in the year 1660, after which Friar Anselmo da Anunciação and Friar Mauro were chosen to take office. The first streets and houses started to spread around the neighborhood.
In the year of 1661, Baltasar Fernandes went to São Paulo to request that Sorocaba be named a village from the governor, Correia de Sá e Benevides. Thus, on March 3, 1661, Sorocaba became known as Vila de Nossa Senhora da Ponte de Sorocaba. The organization of the Municipal Council followed shortly, with the main nominees being: Baltasar Fernandes and André de Zunega (judges), Cláudio Furquim and Pascoal Leite Pais (city councillors), Domingos Garcia (procurator) and Francisco Sanches (clerk).
With the arrival of colonel Cristóvão Pereira de Abreu and his troops in 1773, begins the main chapter of the history of Sorocaba: the Tropeirismo.
The transportation of goods on the back of mules, that traversed the North-South route of the country came across Sorocaba, which was strategically placed in the main route between Rio Grande do Sul, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro. Soon Sorocaba had its own Feira de Muares (mule/horse fair), where troops from all states came to feed and rest their cavalry on the way to the mineral and forest expeditions, and buy and sell goods, horses and enslaved Africans. Given the growing number of people working in the city, the commerce and the first industries began to appear. Goods bought in Sorocaba were known from across the Country, spread by the merchant troops. The main events of Tropeirismo comprehended a hundred years of the Sorocaba history, from 1770 to 1870. The Tropeirismo is also responsible for spreading a locally manufactured type of Knife that became known in Brazil is as the Sorocaban Knife.[9]
During the American Civil War, English textile industries ran out of cotton, which was imported from the Southern United States. Soon, manufactures from England started to search around the world for alternative places to cultivate cotton - one of them was the then-Province of São Paulo, which included Sorocaba. In 1862, Lieutenant-Colonel Francisco Gonçalves de Oliveira Machado started the first cotton plantation in Sorocaba. The local environment and weather were ideal, and the plantation flourished. The first harvest exceeded all expectations, starting another cycle of industrial and economic development. Several textile industries from England built branches in the city, changing the landscape with chimneys, saw-styled roofs, large, orange brick-built buildings and smoke. During this time, Sorocaba received the title of Manchester Paulista--"São Paulo native" in Portuguese, given the resemblance with its laboring twin city.
With the opening of the Estrada de Ferro Sorocabana on June 20, 1872 and its transport of cotton products, animals and passengers to São Paulo, Sorocaba had a major leap in development. Six locomotives and 62 bandwagons were brought from England, with seven stations initially planned.
Telegraphic services started on April 3, 1873. Years later, the railway expanded to the borders of the state, with Sorocaba station as the hub.
Geography
Location
The city is located in the southeastern region of the state of São Paulo, 92 km away from the state capital. The main highways are Castelo Branco (SP-280) and Raposo Tavares (SP-270). It straddles the Sorocaba River, a tributary of the left bank of the Tiete river. The municipality of Sorocaba is located on the Tropic of Capricorn, at latitude 23° 26 '16 " for the season of 2011, passes along the neighborhoods of Aparecidinha and Parque São Bento districts. At the junction of Highway José Ermírio José de Morais (SP-75) with the connection to the Raposo Tavares highway is a milestone signaling the Tropic. Among Brazil's largest cities (by population), Sorocaba is in 30th place. Sorocaba is among the major cities in São Paulo (population), is ranked ninth.
Demography
According to IBGE, 2010 Census, the population of Sorocaba was 586,311 inhabitants. There was a growth of 18.81% compared to 2000. The population density is 1,305.46 inhabitants per square kilometer. Women are the majority in Sorocaba, being 51.1% of the total population. In absolute numbers, there are 299,513 women and 286,798 men, 12,715 more women than men. There is a large predominance of urban population in Sorocaba, with only 1% of the population (5,971 residents) living in rural areas, compared with 580,340 in urban areas. Among the largest cities in Brazil (in population), Sorocaba is in 30th place. Among the largest cities in São Paulo (in population), it is ranked ninth.
Climate
Sorocaba climate is subtropical, with the coldest month being July and warmest in January and February. Precipitation is around 1,300 mm (51.2 inches). According to Köppen, Sorocaba can be classified as a Cwa climate, featuring a warm climate with summer rainfall and temperature in the warmest month ≥ 22 °C (72 °F).
The climate table below shows the monthly mean temperatures, maximum and minimum recorded, rainfall and rainy days with monthly and annual averages for the period from 1 January 1995 to January 1, 2011 for the city of Sorocaba.
The terrain is classified as a wavy strands and characterized by local ridges, with an average altitude of 632 meters above the sea level. The highest altitude is 1028 meters, in the Serra de Sao Francisco. The lower altitude is 539 meters, in the valley of the Sorocaba River. Sorocaba is located on the edge of the Peripheral Depression of São Paulo state, in the Appalachian Fall Line, as defined by Professor Aziz Ab'Saber. This configuration is due to the fact Sorocaba lies at the boundary between the Atlantic Plateau, which covers the area of crystalline rocks, with higher relief and the rocks of the Parana Sedimentary Basin and gently rolling topography with lower altitudes. The Sorocaba River and its hydrographic basin are responsible for the relief dissection.
Soil
The soil is characterized as red-yellow podzolic type, with gravelly clay, heavy clay, Typic dark clayey; oxisol with clay loam. Lithosols also occur, which are usually developed with little depressions.
Vegetation
The original natural vegetation was the Atlantic Forest, with local regions in a Montana Tropical Rainforest. Predominate the savannah vegetation in various stages of secondary succession.
Geology
Sorocaba is located exactly on the limit between the sedimentary rocks of Parana Sedimentary Basin (Itararé Group, in glacial and deltaic palaeoenvironments of Permian-Carboniferous age) and crystalline basement (Neoproterozoic). Important granite massifs are Sorocaba Massif (calc-alkaline I-Type) and São Francisco Massif (Subalkaline, A-Type). Metamorphic low grade rocks as phyllites, metacalcareous, metarenites, are marine metassediments are included in Sao Roque Group (Neoproterozoic) with structural trend northeast-southwest. The Ipanema Hill or Araçoiaba Ridge is a prominent and isolated topographic elevation, it comprises ultrabasic-alkaline intrusion age (Mesozoic, Early Cretaceous), remnant of ancient volcano. It was the first iron mine, ironworks and metallurgy of Brazil, Ipanema. The ore was exploited from magnetite, probably associated to carbonatite body.
Sorocaba also boasts a dry port terminal, which provides efficient road linkages to the various ports and airports of the region including Bertram Luiz Leupolz Airport, which has one of the busiest cargo terminals in the State. A second airport, with much higher traffic and passenger capacity is currently being planned for the upcoming years.
Economy
Sorocaba's economic development is fifth in the state, with investments in the order of US$3,5 billion, with US$3 billion in Gross Domestic Product. Its industries export to over 115 countries, with an income of US$370 million per year. There are over eight thousand commerce organizations and another 8,000 service businesses.
Education
Sorocaba has nine universities, seven private: University of Medical and Health Sciences at the Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP), University of Sorocaba (UNISO), ESAMC Sorocaba, Anhanguera, Uirapuru Superior, Academia de Letras de Sorocaba, University Paulista (UNIP), and two public Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho | Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) and University of São Carlos (UFSCar).
It also has nine colleges: Law School of Sorocaba (FADI), recommended by OAB the year 2007 the FADI received the seal of quality issued by the institution to law courses that have had the best quality indexes in recent years. Engineering College of Sorocaba (FACENS), College of Technology of São Paulo - Sorocaba (FATEC-SO), College of Physical Education YMCA Sorocaba (FEFISO), Manchester Paulista Institute of Higher Education (IMAP), Academy of Higher Education (AES), Graduate School of Management, Marketing and Communication (ESAMC) Anhanguera Educational Sorocabano Uirapuru Education Center and the Union of Educational Institutions of São Paulo (UNIESP), among others schools.
There are four hundred public schools between municipal and private ones from elementary to high school, many with professionalizing courses. National Industry and Commerce Service Institutions like SENAISENAC | Senac, are also present in the city, besides the State Technical School of London | State Technical School and Rubens de Faria e Souza, State Technical School of São Paulo | Technical School Fernando Prestes de Albuquerque and the Polytechnic School of Sorocaba (free of charge), which also houses the Standart School of Sorocaba, Antonio Padilha school.
Health
Hospital Santa Lucinda, located in Sorocaba Hospital Complex of the Sorocaba Conjunto Hospitalar ZonaSul
The city's health care is well served with many hospitals like Hospital Santa Lucinda, Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba, Santa Casa de Misericórdia (founded over 200 years ago), Evangelical Hospital, Samaritan Hospital, Hospital Unimed, etc. The Ophthalmological Hospital[11] is the hospital that performs more transplants and corneal uptake in Brazil. It was honored at the Distinction Award in Organ Donation of the Secretariat of Health of Brazil and has succeeded in eliminating the waiting list for transplants in the region of Sorocaba and the entire city of São Paulo. [citation needed]
Hospital Santa Lucinda achieved its 100th kidney transplant in 2004.[12] In 2007, we opened 12 rooms with high-tech equipment, the result of an investment of about $2.5 million from the St. Paul Foundation.[13]
The Sorocaba Hospital Complex is responsible for servicing the tertiary level of 48 municipalities in southwest São Paulo with a population of over 3 million inhabitants. Reference state is the treatment of burn victims[14] and in 2009 over R$5 million were investing into building a new maternity ward.[15] The scientific work in the area of burns in the year 2009 awarded by the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery and was coordinated by Dr. Hamilton Aleardo Gonella and held at CHS. For a year, Gonella's team researched the application of nanocrystalline silver dressings. The technique, tested in five patients of CHS, showed positive results, expanding the range of dressing change which reduces the patient's suffering and costs in hospital care. The Plastic Surgery Service CHS has 34 awards for scientific work in various areas. About burns, are at least ten.[16]
The Ambulatory Hernia Surgery is the CHS model,[17] several training sessions are conducted for surgeons throughout the country. Sorocaba is a technique performed the cut is between 2 and 2.5 cm, smaller than the procedures used elsewhere.[18]
The Faculty of Medicine of Sorocaba - the first medical school in the interior of Brazil - was founded in 1950 and is one of the most responsible for Sorocaba be a reference center for health in Brazil having formed many renowned professionals.
Media
In telecommunications, the city was served by Telecomunicações de São Paulo.[19] In July 1998, this company was acquired by Telefônica, which adopted the Vivo brand in 2012. The company is currently an operator of cell phones, fixed lines, internet (fiber optics/4G) and television (satellite and cable).[20]
Resources
Two International Convention Centers are available. Sorocaba's three main newspapers are the Jornal Bom Dia, Cruzeiro do Sul and the Diário de Sorocaba.
Sights
There are many parks open to the public, such as historical churches, walking and racing courses, historical monuments, museums, mausoleums and memorials, various spas and horse farms. The municipal Zoo "Quinzinho de Barros", is one of the largest zoos in South America.
Sorocaba has four urban bus terminals: São Paulo,Santo Antônio,Vitória Régia and São Bento.
Bike/cycle lanes
The city has 60 kilometers of bike lanes created in the city's main avenues, and it can be crossed only using bicycles for transportation. The planning of the municipality provides for the construction of the largest cycling network in Latin America in coming years and implement a public bike system, similar to European cities as Barcelona and Paris.
Sorocaba is currently the second-largest cycling loop of Brazil, after Rio de Janeiro.
Vườn quốc gia Đức bao gồm 14 vườn quốc gia: Di sản thế giới hoặc là một phần của di sản thế giới Tên Hình ảnh Bang Vườn quốc gia biển Wadden Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein Vườn quốc gia biển Wadden Hamburg Hamburg Vườn quốc gia biển Wadden Hạ Saxon Quần đảo Đông Frisia, Hạ Saxon Vườn quốc gia Jasmund Rügen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Vườn quốc gia Vùng đầm phá Tây Pomerania Mecklenburg-Vorp...
2002 studio album by David Crowder BandCan You Hear Us?Studio album by David Crowder BandReleasedFebruary 26, 2002GenreChristian rock, worshipLength55:25LabelsixstepsDavid Crowder Band chronology All I Can Say(2002) Can You Hear Us?(2002) Illuminate(2003) Can You Hear Us? is the debut studio album and third album overall by David Crowder Band and the first recorded for sixstepsrecords, released in February 2002. Critical reception Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllmusic&...
François de Créquy François de Créquy, por Henri Decaisne (1835)Información personalNacimiento 1625 o 1624 París (Reino de Francia) Fallecimiento 3 de febrero de 1687 París (Reino de Francia) Sepultura Iglesia de San Roque Nacionalidad FrancesaFamiliaPadre Charles II de Créquy Información profesionalOcupación Militar Rama militar Ejército de Tierra Francés Rango militar Mariscal de Francia Conflictos Guerra de los Treinta Años, Fronda, guerra de Devolución, guerra franco-neerlan...
عظم تفاصيل يتكون من عظم طويل، وعظم قصير، وعظم مسطح، وعظام غير منتظمة، وعظم سمسمي نوع من عضو حيواني [لغات أخرى]، ومنتج حيواني، وكيان تشريحي معين [لغات أخرى] جزء من هيكل عظمي معرفات ترمينولوجيا أناتوميكا 02.0.00.000 ترمينولو...
السؤال مزدوج الدلالة (يسمى في بعض الأحيان السؤال مزدوج الاتجاه[1]) هو مغالطة غير صورية. يتم ارتكابها عندما يسأل شخص ما سؤالًا يتطرق إلى أكثر من مشكلة واحدة، ولكنه لا يسمح إلا بإجابة واحدة.[2][3][4] قد ينتج عن ذلك عدم دقة الاجابات التي يتم قياسها بالنسبة للسؤال، ح...
American comic book artist This article is about the comic book artist. For the actor, see Dustin Nguyen. Dustin NguyenNguyen at the New York Comic ConBorn1976 (age 46–47)NationalityVietnamese American[1]Area(s)Penciller, Inker, ColouristNotable worksAscenderDescenderThe AuthorityDetective ComicsBatman: Streets of GothamBatman: Lil GothamAwards2016 Eisner Award for Best Painter/Multimedia Artist Dustin Nguyen (born 1976)[2] is a comic book artist. He has worked for ...
Королівський вікторіанський ланцюгангл. The Royal Victorian Chain Країна Велика БританіяТип Особиста нагорода монархаСтатус вручається Нагородження Засновано: 1902Перше: Георг, принц УельськийНагороджено: 84Нагороджені: d (1)Черговість Королівський вікторіанський ланцюг у Ві...
Commuter rail line in Cape Town, South Africa This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: Cape Flats Line – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2017) Cape Flats LineOverviewStatusOperationalOwnerPRASALocaleCape Town, South AfricaTerminiCape TownRetreatStations16ServiceTypeCommuter ...
American Quaker martyr (c. 1611 – 1660) For the voice for Anti-Shakerism, see Mary Marshall Dyer. Mary DyerDyer being led to the gallows in Boston in 1660, painted c. 1905 by Howard PyleBornMary Dyerc. 1611EnglandDied1 June 1660(1660-06-01) (aged 48–49)Boston, Massachusetts Bay ColonyCause of deathHangingNationalityEnglishSpouse(s)William Dyer (Dier, Dyre)ReligionPuritan, Quaker Mary Dyer (born Marie Barrett; c. 1611 – 1 June 1660) was an English and colonial Americ...
1991 studio album by FobiaMundo FelizStudio album by FobiaReleased1 January 1991GenreRock en españolLabelRCA InternationalFobia chronology Fobia(1990) Mundo Feliz(1991) Leche(1993) Mundo Feliz was the second album released by Mexican rock band Fobia in 1991. Track listing Brincas (Jump) El Pepinillo Marino (The sea cucumber) Camila (Camila) El cerebro (The brain) Caminitos hacia el Cosmos (Little roads towards the Cosmos) El diablo (The devil) La fecha especial (The special date) Sac...
1991 studio album by Rod StewartVagabond HeartStudio album by Rod StewartReleased25 March 1991Studio Cherokee, Hollywood Conway, Hollywood SARM, London GenreRockpop rockLength58:26LabelWarner Bros.ProducerBernard EdwardsTrevor HornPatrick LeonardRichard PerryRod StewartLenny WaronkerRod Stewart chronology Downtown Train – Selections from the Storyteller Anthology(1990) Vagabond Heart(1991) Lead Vocalist(1993) Singles from Vagabond Heart It Takes TwoReleased: 12 November 1990[1&#...
American anthology drama television series ExtrapolationsGenre Anthology Drama Dystopia Science fiction Created byScott Z. BurnsStarring Meryl Streep Sienna Miller Kit Harington Edward Norton Diane Lane Daveed Diggs Tahar Rahim Yara Shahidi Matthew Rhys Gemma Chan David Schwimmer Adarsh Gourav Keri Russell Marion Cotillard Forest Whitaker Indira Varma Tobey Maguire Murray Bartlett Cara Gee Hari Nef Gaz Choudhry Country of originUnited StatesOriginal languageEnglishNo. of seasons1No. of episod...
Artikel ini membutuhkan rujukan tambahan agar kualitasnya dapat dipastikan. Mohon bantu kami mengembangkan artikel ini dengan cara menambahkan rujukan ke sumber tepercaya. Pernyataan tak bersumber bisa saja dipertentangkan dan dihapus.Cari sumber: Joost van den Vondel – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Joost van den VondelJoost van den Vondel (Pengucapan dalam bahasa Belanda: [ˈjoːst vɐn dɛn ˈvɔndəɫ], 17 November 1587 R...
This article is about the popular Midwestern tourist destination. For the gorge on the Wisconsin River, see Dells of the Wisconsin River. City in Wisconsin, United StatesWisconsin Dells, WisconsinCityDowntown Wisconsin Dells looking westNickname(s): The Dells, The Waterpark Capital of the World[1]Location of Wisconsin Dells in WisconsinWisconsin DellsShow map of WisconsinWisconsin DellsShow map of the United StatesCoordinates: 43°38′15″N 89°46′44″W / 43....
Eparquía de San Josafat en Parma Eparchia Sancti Iosaphat Parmen(sis) Ucrainorum (en latín) Catedral de San JosafatInformación generalIglesia católicaIglesia sui iuris greco-católica ucranianaRito bizantinoSufragánea de archieparquía de FiladelfiaFecha de erección 5 de diciembre de 1983 (como eparquía)Bula de erección Hoc ApostolicaeSedeCatedral de San JosafatCiudad sede ParmaDivisión administrativa estado de OhioPaís Estados UnidosCuria Chancery Office, 5720 State Rd., P.O....
British comedienne, singer and actress (1878–1972) Fanny Dangoin the 1900s by BassanoBornFanny Rudge20 October 1878Ladywood, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandDied15 July 1972 (1972-07-16) (aged 93)Mount Waverley, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaNationalityBritishOccupation(s)Dancer and singerSpouseSamuel Peter MackayChildren1RelativesRudge Sisters (including Letty Lind and Millie Hylton)Elsie Mackay (step-daughter) Fanny Mackay (née Rudge; 20 October 1878 – 15 ...
Railway station in Gampaha, Sri Lanka Gampaha Railway StationGeneral informationLocationGampahaSri LankaCoordinates07°05′36.8″N 79°59′37.3″E / 7.093556°N 79.993694°E / 7.093556; 79.993694Owned bySri Lanka RailwaysLine(s)Main LineOther informationStation codeGPHHistoryElectrifiedNo Gampaha railway station is a railway station in the western city of Gampaha in Sri Lanka. The station is served by Sri Lanka Railways, which is the state-run railway operator. Loc...
Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!
.jpg)
_-_panoramio.jpg)
.jpg)
