Solar power in New Zealand

Solar potential of New Zealand
Solar panels on a home in Auckland

Solar power in New Zealand is increasing in capacity, in part due to price supports created through the emissions trading scheme. As of the end of November 2024, New Zealand has 538 MW of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) solar power installed, of which 172 MW (32%) was installed in the last 12 months.[1] In the 12 months to September 2024, 514 gigawatt-hours of electricity was estimated to have been generated by grid-connected solar, 1.2% of all electricity generated in the country.[2]

Although there are no subsidies, the declining costs of photovoltaics has caused a large increase in demand over the last few years. In 2009, the average turnkey price for a standard PV system of three kilowatts (kW) was about NZ$40,000; by 2019 this had dropped to approx. NZ$8,500.[3]

Distributed systems

As of the end of November 2024, 67,000 solar power systems had been installed in New Zealand. For new installations added in November 2024, the average residential system size was 7.3 kW and the average commercial system was 25 kW.[1]

The largest solar power system on a school in New Zealand was officially opened in a ceremony in February 2019 at Kaitaia College. Kelvin Davis, unveiled a plaque to acknowledge the installation of the 368 solar panel project which is spread across the rooftop of multiple buildings on the school campus.[4]

By January 2014, solar photovoltaic systems had been installed in 50 schools through the Schoolgen program, a program developed by Genesis Energy to educate students about renewable energy, particularly solar energy. Each school has been given a 2 kW capacity PV system, with a total distributed installed capacity of 100 kilowatts-peak (kWp). Since February 2007, a total of 513 megawatt-hours (MWh) of electrical energy have been recorded.[5]

In January 2020 Foodstuffs announced it would be installing a 1.1 MW PV array on its new Auckland distribution centre.[6][7] In October 2020 Watercare Services installed a 1 MW floating array on its Auckland wastewater treatment plant.[8]

In 2021, Kea Energy commissioned a solar power plant in the Wairau Valley in Marlborough with a potential capacity of 2.2 MW, with current plans to build capacity up to 1.85 MW as at March 2021.[9] In June 2021, the Todd Corporation commissioned a 2.1 MW solar plant at Kapuni in south Taranaki. The facility includes 5800 solar panels and was claimed to be the largest grid-connected solar plant at the time.[10]

Large behind-the-meter distributed solar generation
Name Territorial authority Coordinates Capacity (MW) Commissioned Type Operator
Rosedale Wastewater Treatment Plant Auckland 1 2020 Floating Watercare
Redoubt Road Reservoir Auckland 0.142 (and 0.225 MWh battery storage) 2019 Roof mounted Watercare
Foodstuffs North Island Distribution Centre Auckland 1.1 2021 Roof mounted Foodstuffs
Countdown Auckland Distribution Centre (Wiri) Auckland 1 Roof mounted Countdown / Solar Bay
Road Metals – Rolleston Quarry Canterbury 0.53[11] 2024 Ground mounted Road Metals / Platinum Energy
Yealands Winery Marlborough 0.4 2016 Roof mounted Yealands Winery
Sylvia Park Auckland 0.35 2015 Roof mounted Kiwi Property
Hamilton Airport (Stage 1) Waikato 0.46 2023 Ground mounted Hamilton Airport
Mānawa Bay outlet centre (Auckland Airport) Auckland 2.3 MWp 2024 Roof mounted Auckland Airport
Distributed solar farm generation
Name Location Operator Number of Inverters Capacity (MW) Commissioned Coordinates
Wairau Valley Solar Farm Marlborough Kea Energy 1 2 2021 41°36′31″S 173°25′50″E
Kapuni Solar Plant South Taranaki Sunergise Not Stated 2.1 2021
Taylor's Pass Depot Marlborough Energy Marlborough Ltd 0.85 2023
Waiuku Solar Farm Auckland Lightyears Solar / Prime Energy 2.4 2023
Naumai Solar Farm Ruawai, Northland (Smiths Canal) NewPower Energy 4.8 2024[12]
Oakridge Solar Farm Glen Murray, Waikato Kiwi Solar Farms 4 MWp Sep 2024
Golden Bay Solar Farms Uruwhenua, Golden Bay 1.43 2023
Seaview Solar Farm Seddon Energy Marlborough Ltd 4.07 Nov 2024

Grid-scale plants

In July 2019 Refining NZ announced plans for a 26 MW solar farm at the Marsden Point Oil Refinery, but by May 2020 the project was on hold.[13][14] In February 2020 Genesis Energy Limited announced plans for a 300 MW facility in the Waikato.[15]' In September 2020 Hawke's Bay Airport announced plans for a 10 MW farm on unused airport land.[16] In May 2020, the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment released a study that considered the economics of grid-scale solar and gave forecasts to 2060, showing that New Zealand has potential for gigawatts of grid-scale solar.[17]

In February 2021 Far North Solar Farm applied for resource consent for a 16 MW farm at Pukenui on the Aupouri Peninsula in Northland.[18] The development subsequently stalled due to a lack of network capacity.[19]

In December 2021 Christchurch Airport announced it would be hosting a 150 MW plant at Kōwhai Park, to be scaled up over 30 years.[20][21] On 30 December 2021 Island Green Power announced plans for a 200 MW solar farm in Waikato.[22] In April 2022 Helios Energy announced plans for a series of farms with a combined output of 1 GW.[23] In May 2022 Far North Solar Farm announced a partnership with offshore investment fund Aquila Capital to build 1 GW of generation.[24]

In May 2021 Lodestone Energy announced plans for five solar farms in the upper North Island, capable of generating 400 GWh annually.[25][26] The 32 MWp Lodestone Two, northwest of Kaitaia, began generating electricity in November 2023.[27] As the first solar farm to exceed 10 MW, Lodestone Two was also the first required to participate in the wholesale electricity market.[28]

Operating

Name Location Operator DC Capacity (MWp) Nameplate Capacity (MWac) Commissioned Coordinates
Kohirā Kaitaia, Northland Lodestone Energy 32[29] 23[30] 2023[27] 35°4′54″S 173°13′10″E / 35.08167°S 173.21944°E / -35.08167; 173.21944
Rangitaiki Edgecumbe, Bay of Plenty Lodestone Energy 32 23 2024[31] 37°59′46.83″S 176°48′35.86″E / 37.9963417°S 176.8099611°E / -37.9963417; 176.8099611
Te Ihi o te Ra[32] Gisborne Airport, Gisborne Eastland Generation 5.2 2023[33] 38°39′25.84″S 177°58′52.22″E / 38.6571778°S 177.9811722°E / -38.6571778; 177.9811722

Proposed and under construction

Only solar plants over 5 MW generating capacity are listed.

Name Location Operator Projected capacity (MW) Status Coordinates
Ardmore[34] Ardmore, Auckland KAL 13 Under construction[35]
Ashley[36] Ashley, Canterbury Solar Bay Proposed
Argyle Solar Farm Wairau Valley, Marlborough Manawa Energy 65 Proposed[37] 41°40′11.15″S 173°12′7.25″E / 41.6697639°S 173.2020139°E / -41.6697639; 173.2020139
Ashburton Solar Farm Ashburton, Canterbury Lightyears Solar 7 Under construction
Black Point Oamaru, Canterbury Ethical Power Proposed[38] 44°53′3.81″S 170°46′24.07″E / 44.8843917°S 170.7733528°E / -44.8843917; 170.7733528
Buckleys Road Brookside, Canterbury KeaX 65 Consented[39] 43°42′17″S 172°17′6″E / 43.70472°S 172.28500°E / -43.70472; 172.28500
Bunnythorpe[40] Bunnythorpe, Manawatu Kiwi Solar farms 26 Proposed
Carterton Carterton, Wairarapa Harmony Energy 133 Consented[41]
Clandeboye Clandeboye, Canterbury Lodestone Energy Consented[42]
Dunsandel Dunsandel, Canterbury Lodestone Energy Consented[42]
Edgecumbe[43] Edgecumbe, Bay of Plenty Helios 115 Consented[44]
Foxton Foxton, Manawatu SolarGen Proposed[38]
Greytown[45] Greytown, Wairarapa Helios 100 Proposed 41°5′55.8″S 175°26′21.45″E / 41.098833°S 175.4392917°E / -41.098833; 175.4392917
Greytown 2 Greytown, Wairarapa Far North Solar Farm 175 Proposed[46]
Haldon Mackenzie District Lodestone Energy 220 Proposed[47]
Hanmer Road Canterbury KeaX 80 Proposed[48]
Hawke's Bay Airport[49] Napier, Hawke's Bay Hawke's Bay Airport 40[48] Proposed 39°28′8.18″S 176°51′50.12″E / 39.4689389°S 176.8639222°E / -39.4689389; 176.8639222
Helensville[50] Helensville, Auckland HES Aotearoa 70 Proposed 36°41′20″S 174°26′20″E / 36.68889°S 174.43889°E / -36.68889; 174.43889
Hinuera Hinuera, Waikato Harmony Energy 110 Proposed[38]
Huirangi Waitara, Taranaki Harmony Energy 100 Proposed[38]
Irishman Creek Canterbury Manawa 220 Proposed[48]
Kaipara Kaipara District, Northland Manawa Energy 100 Proposed[48]
Kairanga[51] Palmerston North, Manawatu Kiwi Solar farms 27 Proposed
Kōwhai Park[21] Harewood, Canterbury Christchurch Airport 168 Under Construction[52] 43°29′45″S 172°30′38″E / 43.49583°S 172.51056°E / -43.49583; 172.51056
Lauriston Lauriston, Canterbury Genesis 63 Under construction[53] 43°43′51.56″S 171°47′21.95″E / 43.7309889°S 171.7894306°E / -43.7309889; 171.7894306
Leeston[54] Leeston, Canterbury KeaX 160 Proposed
Lodestone One[55] Dargaville, Northland Lodestone Energy 60 Proposed
Maniototo Maniototo, Otago Helios 300 Proposed[56][57] 45°4′9.34″S 170°6′34.64″E / 45.0692611°S 170.1096222°E / -45.0692611; 170.1096222
Marton Marton, Rangitikei District Far North Solar Farm 41 Consented[58]
Marton 2 Marton, Rangitikei District Energy Farm 110 Proposed[59] 40°7′30.99″S 175°23′46.12″E / 40.1252750°S 175.3961444°E / -40.1252750; 175.3961444
Marton 3 Marton, Rangitikei District Harmony Energy 103 Consented[60] 40°6′28.1″S 175°21′40.4″E / 40.107806°S 175.361222°E / -40.107806; 175.361222
Massey University[61] Massey University, Palmerston North Solar Bay 6 Proposed 40°23′30.75″S 175°37′50.42″E / 40.3918750°S 175.6306722°E / -40.3918750; 175.6306722
Mount Somers Mount Somers, Canterbury Lodestone Energy Consented[42]
Naseby Naseby, Otago Solar Bay 50 Consented[62]
New Plymouth Airport New Plymouth 10 Under construction
Omeheu Edgecumbe, Bay of Plenty Far North Solar Farm 34 Consented[63]
Ongaonga[64] Ongaonga, Hawke's Bay Sky Solar Proposed 39°55′15.55″S 176°26′46.64″E / 39.9209861°S 176.4462889°E / -39.9209861; 176.4462889
Ongaonga 2[65] Ongaonga, Hawke's Bay Helios 100 Proposed[66] 39°55′37.57″S 176°25′10.58″E / 39.9271028°S 176.4196056°E / -39.9271028; 176.4196056
Ōpunake Ōpunake, Taranaki Energy Farm 110 Consented[67] 39°21′55.57″S 173°52′27.32″E / 39.3654361°S 173.8742556°E / -39.3654361; 173.8742556
Pāmu Rā ki Whitianga[68] Whitianga, Waikato Lodestone Energy 32 Under construction 36°51′2.01″S 175°39′47.33″E / 36.8505583°S 175.6631472°E / -36.8505583; 175.6631472
Papareireiā Maungaturoto, Northland Tupu Tonu 21 Under construction[69] 36°5′24.95″S 174°20′50.29″E / 36.0902639°S 174.3473028°E / -36.0902639; 174.3473028
Pukenui Pukenui, Northland Far North Solar Farm 16 Under construction 34°49′06″S 173°6′38″E / 34.81833°S 173.11056°E / -34.81833; 173.11056
Rotokawa Rotokawa, Bay of Plenty Tauhara North 2 Trust 105 Proposed[38] 38°36′33″S 176°11′25″E / 38.60917°S 176.19028°E / -38.60917; 176.19028
Ruakaka[70] Marsden Point, Northland Meridian Energy 120[71] Consented[72] 35°50′51.74″S 174°28′39.54″E / 35.8477056°S 174.4776500°E / -35.8477056; 174.4776500
Skinner Road[73] Stratford, Taranaki Ranui Generation 40 Proposed
Stratford Stratford, Taranaki Contact 170 Proposed[74]
Swannanoa Swannanoa, Canterbury Meridian Energy 200 Proposed[75]
Tahuna[76] Tahuna, Waikato Kiwi Solar farms 23 Proposed
Tauhei[77] Te Aroha, Waikato Harmony Energy 185[78] Consented[79] 37°35′18.17″S 175°43′18.75″E / 37.5883806°S 175.7218750°E / -37.5883806; 175.7218750
Te Rāhui[80] Taupō, Waikato Nova Energy 400 Consented[81] 38°53′44.49″S 176°25′25.55″E / 38.8956917°S 176.4237639°E / -38.8956917; 176.4237639
Te Herenga o Te Rā Waiotahe, Bay of Plenty Lodestone Energy 30 Under construction[82] 38°1′33.1″S 177°10′58.79″E / 38.025861°S 177.1829972°E / -38.025861; 177.1829972
Te Puna Mauri ō Omaru Ruawai, Northland Northpower 16 Under construction[83]
The Point Mackenzie District Far North Solar Farm 420 Proposed[84] 44°19′18.71″S 170°12′3.55″E / 44.3218639°S 170.2009861°E / -44.3218639; 170.2009861
Three Stream[73] Kaponga, Taranaki Ranui Generation 30 Consented[85]
Tikokino[73] Tikokino, Hawke’s Bay Ranui Generation 55 Proposed
Tolaga Bay Tolaga Bay, East Coast Eastland Generation 11.7 Proposed[38]: 67 
Twin Rivers[73] Kaitaia, Northland Rānui Generation 31 Under construction[86]
Waingawa Masterton, Wairarapa Masterton Solar and Energy Storage 100 Proposed[87]
Waipara Waipara, Canterbury Far North Solar Farm 135 Proposed[88] 43°2′52.03″S 172°43′58.09″E / 43.0477861°S 172.7328028°E / -43.0477861; 172.7328028
Waiterimu[22] near Ohinewai, Waikato Island Green Power 200 Consented[89] 37°28′35.57″S 175°16′14.7″E / 37.4765472°S 175.270750°E / -37.4765472; 175.270750
Ward Ward, Marlborough Energy Marlborough Ltd 15 Consented[90]
Wellsford Wellsford, Auckland Energy Farm 76 Proposed[91] 36°18′56.07″S 174°30′55.5″E / 36.3155750°S 174.515417°E / -36.3155750; 174.515417
Western Bays Kuratau, Waikato Meridian 500 Proposed[48]

Cost-effectiveness

Retail buy-back rates for solar power exported to the grid range from 7 to 17 cents, plus 15% GST if the system owner is GST-registered.[92] Cost-effectiveness of a residential solar power occurs when system owners aim to use more of their solar power than what they export, by means of timed appliances, turning on appliances when the sun is out, energy management systems and battery storage. Commercial buildings that use power during the day can get a high return on their investment.[93]

A 2015 study found that PV was more economical than grid supply if all the PV electricity was used on site and none was exported to the grid. For residential and commercial installations, improving energy efficiency is a lower cost option than PV.[94]

Statistics

Source: NREL[95]
Installed solar generation as of 30 April 2024[96]
Network reporting region Installations Uptake (%) Total capacity (MW)
Bay of Islands (Top Energy) 2003 5.81 35.59
Whangarei and Kaipara (Northpower) 2,522 4.03 14.0
Waitemata (Vector) 5,642 2.13 30.8
Auckland (Vector) 5,673 1.51 41.76
Counties (Counties Power) 1,872 3.88 13.76
Thames Valley (Powerco) 1927 2.47 12.05
Waikato (WEL Networks) 2,772 2.78 18.5
Waipa (Waipā Networks) 1,180 4 8.74
King Country (The Lines Company) 219 0.95 1.94
Tauranga (Powerco) 3,680 3.93 21.37
Rotorua (Unison Networks) 574 1.77 3.52
Eastern Bay of Plenty (Horizon Energy) 679 2.68 26.98
Taupo (Unison Networks) 341 1.87 1.79
Eastland (Eastland Network) 576 2.11 8.14
Hawke's Bay (Unison Networks) 2,435 3.69 13.98
Central Hawke's Bay (Centralines) 377 4.2 2.44
Southern Hawke's Bay (Scanpower) 81 1.19 1.04
Wairarapa (Powerco) 1,172 4.3 6.42
Taranaki (Powerco) 1,605 2.54 11.95
Whanganui (Powerco) 739 2.22 3.82
Manawatu (Powerco) 1,438 2.43 8.38
Kapiti and Horowhenua (Electra) 1,545 3.39 8.02
Wellington (Wellington Electricity) 3,042 1.68 15.73
Nelson (Nelson Electricity) 1,598 5.43 10.77
Tasman (Network Tasman) 2,427 5.62 16.04
Marlborough (Marlborough Lines) 1,170 4.39 9.57
Buller (Buller Electricity) 46 0.94 0.24
West Coast (Westpower) 99 0.69 0.53
North Canterbury (MainPower) 2,009 4.64 10.98
Central Canterbury (Orion) 5,732 2.56 34.13
Ashburton (EA Networks) 526 2.51 4.54
South Canterbury (Alpine Energy) 825 2.41 4.44
Waitaki (Network Waitaki) 248 1.9 1.98
Queenstown (Aurora Energy) 619 4.06 3.62
Central Otago (Aurora Energy) 1,751 7.6 10.40
Otago (OtagoNet) 333 2.13 2.0
Dunedin (Aurora Energy) 700 1.23 3.17
Southland (The Power Company) 585 1.55 3.55
Invercargill (Electricity Invercargill) 151 0.85 0.93
Total 59,937 2.6 421.6


Solar power installations rose steadily from 2013 to 2019 (see table to the left for detail)
Solar installations – numbers, sizes and proportion of total installed capacity from 2013[97]
As at ICP count ICP uptake rate (%) Total capacity installed (MW) Avg. capacity installed (kW)
31 December 2013 2,236 0.11092 8.326 3.724
31 December 2014 5,423 0.26616 21.634 3.989
31 December 2015 9,377 0.45512 37.126 3.959
31 December 2016 13,654 0.65528 52.972 3.880
31 December 2017 18,049 0.85537 70.185 3.889
31 December 2018 22,355 1.04626 90.160 4.033
31 December 2019 26,476 1.22233 116.584 4.403
31 December 2020 30,639 1.39407 143.510 4.684
31 December 2021 36,618 1.65042 189.556 5.148
31 December 2022 45,886 2.02678 257.320 5.642
31 December 2023 56,211 2.44812 366.784 6.525

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Installed distributed generation trends". Electricity Authority. Retrieved 2024-12-24.
  2. ^ "Electricity statistics | Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment". www.mbie.govt.nz. Retrieved 2024-12-24.
  3. ^ "The Big Reveal: The Growth Of Solar Power In New Zealand – From 2013 To 2019". My Solar Quotes. 11 December 2019.
  4. ^ "New Zealand's largest solar energy system on a school opens at Kaitaia College". SEANZ. 27 February 2019.
  5. ^ "Schoolgen". Genesis Energy.
  6. ^ "New Zealand's first megawatt roof top array". Revolve Energy. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
  7. ^ "Foodstuffs building country's largest solar panel roof". Stuff. 27 January 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
  8. ^ "Biggest solar farm in country installed on Auckland wastewater lake". Stuff. 2 October 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
  9. ^ Solignac, Morgane (21 March 2021). "New Zealand's 'most beautiful' solar panel farm makes itself home in Marlborough". Stuff. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  10. ^ "New Zealand's largest grid-connected solar power plant up and running". RNZ. 27 June 2021.
  11. ^ "MIMICO Environment & Community Award | Aggregate & Quarry Association".
  12. ^ "Milestone Utility-scale Solar Farm In Northland Drives Energy Resilience Through Innovation". Scoop. 2024-05-16. Retrieved 2024-05-22.
  13. ^ "Refining NZ plans country's biggest solar farm". New Zealand Herald. 7 July 2019. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  14. ^ Mandow, Nikki (15 May 2020). "Can our oil refinery survive?". Newsroom. Retrieved 29 June 2021.
  15. ^ Jamie Gray (21 February 2020). "Genesis Energy sets sights on north Waikato solar power". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  16. ^ Georgia-May Gilbertson (11 September 2020). "Unused airport land will be used for country's biggest solar farm". Stuff. Retrieved 27 June 2021.
  17. ^ Miller, Allan (2020). Economics of Utility-Scale Solar in Aotearoa New Zealand – Forecasting Transmission and Distribution Network Connected 1 MW to 200 MW Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Solar to 2060 (PDF) (Report). Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
  18. ^ Denise Piper (14 February 2021). "New Zealand's largest solar farm proposed for top of country". Stuff. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
  19. ^ Melville, Brent. "Far North Solar Farm a 'dead duck'?". businessdesk.co.nz. Retrieved 2024-08-07.
  20. ^ Liz McDonald (1 December 2021). "Solar plant powering 30,000 homes to be built at Christchurch Airport". Stuff. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  21. ^ a b "New Kōwhai Park at Christchurch Airport to generate renewable energy". RNZ. 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  22. ^ a b Sharnae Hope (30 December 2021). "$100m solar farm pitch for north Waikato". Stuff. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
  23. ^ Tom Pullar-Strecker (19 April 2022). "Top Google exec backs $1.3 billion investment in NZ solar power". Stuff. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  24. ^ "Solar power: companies plan to start building at multiple sites". RNZ. 11 May 2022. Retrieved 25 May 2022.
  25. ^ Tom Pullar-Strecker (12 May 2021). "$300m plan for five solar energy farms, providing 1pc of country's supply". Stuff. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
  26. ^ "Solar power: Planned network will increase generation eight-fold – company". RNZ. 12 May 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
  27. ^ a b "Lodestone, Eastland's new solar power projects switched on, generating electricity". New Zealand Herald. 24 November 2023. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
  28. ^ "Let the sun shine!". Electricity Authority. 2023-11-30. Retrieved 2024-01-02.
  29. ^ "Let the sun shine!". Electricity Authority. 1 December 2023. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
  30. ^ Peter de Graaf (27 November 2023). "'A task in itself': Country's largest solar power station built in Kaitāia". Radio New Zealand. Retrieved 28 November 2023.
  31. ^ "Lodestone Energy – LinkedIn Post". Lodestone Energy (LinkedIn). Retrieved 17 Mar 2024.
  32. ^ Andrew Ashton (11 January 2022). "Harnessing the sun". Gisborne Herald. Retrieved 4 February 2022.
  33. ^ "Tairāwhiti's Solar Farm Debut: New Zealand's Largest". Gisborne Airport. 2023-11-23. Retrieved 2023-11-24.
  34. ^ "Residents say south Auckland solar farm will ruin 'rural outlook'". RNZ. 22 February 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
  35. ^ "Ardmore Solar Farm – 13MWp". Kiwi Solar Farms. 22 July 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
  36. ^ "Residents seek answers to solar farm proposal". Stuff. 21 May 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
  37. ^ "Argyle Solar". Manawa Energy. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  38. ^ a b c d e f "Fast-track Approvals Bill includes 10 new solar farms". Farmers Weekly. 7 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
  39. ^ "65MW solar PV and energy storage site granted planning consent in New Zealand". PVTech. 12 June 2024. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  40. ^ "Bunnythorpe Solar Farm – 26MWp". Kiwi Solar Farms. 22 July 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
  41. ^ Kate Judson (20 August 2024). "Wind, solar, action: Wairarapa's renewables". Wairarapa Times-Age. Retrieved 20 August 2024.
  42. ^ a b c "Consents granted for three solar farms in Canterbury". The Post. 18 January 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
  43. ^ "Edgecumbe Solar Farm". Helios. Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  44. ^ "Solar farm a waste of elite soil – Edgecumbe farmers". RNZ. 29 November 2023. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
  45. ^ Mary Argue (31 August 2022). "$140m investment". Wairarapa Times-Age. Retrieved 5 September 2022.
  46. ^ Lucy Cooper (2 July 2024). "Hearing for major solar farm development under way". Wairarapa Times-Age. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  47. ^ "Lodestone teams up with high-country station for Mackenzie Country solar project". New Zealand Herald. 20 June 2024. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  48. ^ a b c d e Cite error: The named reference MfEFTAG was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  49. ^ "Airport announces solar farm partnership". SunLive. 23 March 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  50. ^ "Helensville solar farm plan faces some local opposition". RNZ. 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  51. ^ Shilpy Arora (26 September 2022). "Proposed Palmerston North solar farm can power 5000 homes". Stuff. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
  52. ^ "Christchurch Airport solar project: Contact Energy pushes 'go'". New Zealand Herald. 16 August 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
  53. ^ "Govt-owned Genesis, Saudis and Canadians building $104m solar farm". New Zealand Herald. 14 January 2024. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
  54. ^ "Another huge solar farm in the works for Canterbury". Stuff. 11 February 2023. Retrieved 12 February 2023.
  55. ^ "The Solar Farms". Lodestone Energy. Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  56. ^ "Central Otago solar farm 'could power 70,000 homes'". Otago Daily Times. 21 September 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  57. ^ "Solar farm planned for Maniatoto farmland". Farmers Weekly. 22 September 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  58. ^ "NZ solar project gains consent". ReNews. 23 April 2024. Retrieved 24 April 2024.
  59. ^ "Marton Solar Farm". Environmental Protection Authority. 4 July 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  60. ^ Janine Rankin (2 September 2024). "Solar farms proposed for Rangitīkei sites near Marton". Stuff. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
  61. ^ Chris Tobin (23 February 2023). "Massey University in deal to have one of NZ's biggest solar farms". Stuff. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
  62. ^ "Farm looking to expand into solar power sector". Otago Daily Times. 11 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
  63. ^ Diane McCarthy (9 October 2024). "Bay of Plenty solar farm: Edgecumbe residents unhappy with plan changes". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
  64. ^ "Hawke's Bay: Ongaonga solar farm to be one of NZ's biggest, land to be 'retired' from intensive dairy to build it". New Zealand Herald. 20 December 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2022.
  65. ^ "Second solar farm proposal for Ongaonga". New Zealand Herald. 7 August 2023. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
  66. ^ "Ongaonga Solar Farm". Helios. Retrieved 25 April 2024.
  67. ^ "Ōpunake Solar Farm granted fast-track consent". Environmental Protection Agency. 9 July 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  68. ^ "Whitianga". Lodestone Energy. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
  69. ^ "Retirement villages to be powered by Ngāpuhi's new Northland solar farm". New Zealand Herald. 12 November 2024. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
  70. ^ "Meridian Energy to build solar farm next to Marsden Point refinery". RNZ. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 15 December 2021.
  71. ^ "Meridian Energy seeks resource consent to build solar farm at Ruakākā, Northland". New Zealand Herald. 27 March 2024. Retrieved 29 March 2024.
  72. ^ "Electricity: Meridian gets green light for Ruakākā solar farm". New Zealand Herald. 25 September 2024. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
  73. ^ a b c d Catherine Groenestein (18 July 2023). "Two huge solar farms planned for sunny Taranaki". Stuff. Retrieved 18 July 2023.
  74. ^ Catherine Groenestein (5 December 2024). "Solar farm to replace gas-fired power at Stratford". Taranaki Daily News. Retrieved 5 December 2024.
  75. ^ "Swannanoa solar farm". Meridian Energy. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  76. ^ "Tahuna Solar Farm – 23MWp". Kiwi Solar Farms. 22 July 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
  77. ^ "New solar farm proposed for eastern Waikato could power 30,000 homes". Stuff. 17 February 2022. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
  78. ^ "Application 2021-068 Tauhei Solar Farm (Harmony Energy NZ Limited)" (PDF). Ministry for the Environment. 9 December 2021. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  79. ^ "UK's Harmony Energy wins approval for Waikato solar farm". New Zealand Herald. 21 September 2022. Retrieved 20 September 2022.
  80. ^ "NZ's largest solar farm to be built near Taupō". Newsroom. 12 April 2022. Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  81. ^ Matthew Martin (1 July 2024). "NZ's largest solar farm gets the go ahead". Waikato Times. Retrieved 1 July 2024.
  82. ^ "Lodestone Energy begins construction at its next utility-scale solar site – Lodestone Energy". 7 December 2023. Retrieved 2024-03-16.
  83. ^ "Northpower Solar Farm at Ruawai". Retrieved 2024-05-21.
  84. ^ "A second large solar farm proposed for the Mackenzie Country". Stuff. 29 November 2023. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
  85. ^ "Rānui Generation Solar Farms". Rānui Generation. Retrieved 26 April 2024.
  86. ^ "Kiwi Solar Developer, Rānui Generation, Commences 31MWp Solar Project In Northland". Scoop. 19 August 2024. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
  87. ^ Piers Fuller (5 July 2024). "Plans for large Waingawa solar farm revealed". The Post. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  88. ^ "Far North Solar Farm plans to install 200 hectares of solar panels on North Canterbury farm". RNZ. 31 August 2023. Retrieved 1 September 2023.
  89. ^ "Fast-track consents granted for two solar farms in Waikato". Environmental Protection Authority. 22 December 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  90. ^ Mala Hart (29 August 2024). "South Marlborough solar farm to generate 3% of region's power". Stuff. Retrieved 8 September 2024.
  91. ^ "Solar farm seeks fast-track approval". Local matters. 24 May 2024. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  92. ^ "Solar Power Buy-Back Rates NZ". My Solar Quotes. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
  93. ^ "Solar Power Self-Consumption". My Solar Quotes.
  94. ^ Miller, Allan; Hwang, Michael; Lemon, Scott; Read, E.Grant; Wood, Alan (24–26 June 2015). Economics of Photovoltaic Solar Power and Uptake in New Zealand (PDF). EEA Conference & Exhibition. Wellington. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
  95. ^ "PV Watts". NREL. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  96. ^ "Installed distributed generation trends". Electricity Authority. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
  97. ^ "Electricity Authority – EMI (market statistics and tools)". www.emi.ea.govt.nz. Retrieved 2019-12-21.

Read other articles:

هيلغا ستيفنز

هيلغا ستيفنز   نائب رئيس المحافظون والإصلاحيون الأوربيونالوفد الفلمنكي تولت المنصب1 يوليو 2014 عضو في البرلمان الأوربي تولت المنصب1 يوليو 2014 عضو بمجلس الشيوخ في المنصب5 يوليو 2007 (2007-07-05) – 6 يونيو 2009 في المنصب7 يونيو 2009 – 6 مايو 2010 في المنصب13 يوليو 2010 – 24 مايو 2014 عضو ب...

 

محمد بن سعود بن عبد العزيز آل سعود

محمد بن سعود بن عبد العزيز آل سعود أمير منطقة الباحة في المنصب1407هـ – 1431هـ العاهل فهد بن عبد العزيز وعبد الله بن عبد العزيز . النائب فيصل محمد بن سعود إبراهيم بن محمد الزيد مشاري بن سعود بن عبد العزيز آل سعود وزير المالية في المنصب1381 هـ – 1381 هـ (ستة أيام) العاهل سعود بن عبد الع...

 

Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 3.ª Região

Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 3ª Região(TRT3) Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 3.ª Região Organização Criação 1946 (77 anos) País  Brasil Sede Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Composição 49 desembargadores Designação Nomeação pelo presidente da República Presidente José Murilo de Morais(2020–2021) Vice-presidente 1º Vice-presidente Fernando Luiz Gonçalves Rios Neto e 2º Vice-presidente Camilla Guimarães Pereira Zeidler Site oficial www.trt3.jus.br Jurisdiç...

Cheri Bustos

Cheri Bustos Cheryl Lea Bustos (/ˈbuːstoʊs/; née Callahan, lahir 17 Oktober 1961) adalah seorang wartawati, eksekutif perawatan kesehatan dan politikus asal Amerika Serikat yang menjabat sebagai anggota DPR sejak 2013. Sebagai anggota Partai Demokrat, ia adalah wanita pertama yang terpilih dalam Kongres dari dapilnya Pranala luar Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Cheri Bustos. Representative Cheri Bustos Diarsipkan 2013-01-12 di Wayback Machine. official U.S. House website Cheri B...

 

كارتر كورنيليوس

هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (أبريل 2019) كارتر كورنيليوس معلومات شخصية تاريخ الميلاد 5 أكتوبر 1948  تاريخ الوفاة 7 نوفمبر 1991 (43 سنة)   سبب الوفاة نوبة قلبية  مواطنة الولايات المتحدة  الحياة ال...

 

Aneksasi Texas

Batas Texas setelah aneksasi tahun 1845 Aneksasi Texas adalah bergabungnya Republik Texas ke dalam Amerika Serikat dan menjadi negara bagian yang ke-28 pada tanggal 29 Desember 1845.[1][2][3] Republik Texas melepaskan diri dari Meksiko dan mendeklarasikan kemerdekaannya pada tanggal 2 Maret 1836 dengan Samuel Houston sebagai presiden dan Mirabeau B. Lamar sebagai wakil presiden pertamanya. Walaupun kemerdekaan Texas tertulis dalam Perjanjian Velasco yang ditandatangani...

Heroes of Ruin

Video game for the Nintendo 3DS 2012 video gameHeroes of RuinDeveloper(s)n-SpacePublisher(s)Square EnixProducer(s)Timothy SchwalkDesigner(s)Brendan McLeodComposer(s)Alexander PuttnamPlatform(s)Nintendo 3DSReleasePAL: June 15, 2012[2]NA: July 17, 2012[1]Genre(s)Action role-playing gameMode(s)Single-player, multiplayer Heroes of Ruin is an action role-playing game developed by n-Space and published by Square Enix for the Nintendo 3DS. It was released on June 15, 2012, in Europe ...

 

Regole per la guida dell'intelligenza

Regole per la guida dell'intelligenzaTitolo originaleRegulae ad directionem ingenii AutoreCartesio 1ª ed. originale1619-1630 Generesaggio Lingua originalelatino Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Le Regole per la guida dell'intelligenza (in latino Regulae ad directionem ingenii) sono un'opera di Cartesio composta tra il 1619 e il 1630. Rimasto incompiuto probabilmente per l'insoddisfazione dell'autore nei confronti delle riflessioni qui contenute, il manoscritto sarà ritrovato solame...

 

Calgary Centre

Federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada For the provincial electoral districts similarly named, see North Calgary and Calgary Centre (provincial electoral district). Calgary Centre Alberta electoral districtBoundaries of Calgary Centre as of the 2013 Representation Order.Coordinates:51°02′25″N 114°06′06″W / 51.04028°N 114.10167°W / 51.04028; -114.10167Federal electoral districtLegislatureHouse of CommonsMP    Greg McLeanConservativeDist...

Jake Stephens

Not to be confused with the fictional Irish television personality Jake Stevens. Baseball player Jake StephensShortstopBorn: (1900-02-10)February 10, 1900Springettsbury Township, PennsylvaniaDied: February 5, 1981(1981-02-05) (aged 80)York, PennsylvaniaBatted: RightThrew: RightNegro leagues debut1921, for the Hilldale DaisiesLast appearance1937, for the New York Black Yankees Teams Hilldale Daisies (1921–1929) [1] Homestead Grays (1929–1932) Philadelphia S...

 

Intelligence artificielle dans la santé

Rayon X d'une main, avec calcul automatique de l'âge osseux par un logiciel informatique. L'intelligence artificielle (IA) dans la santé est l'utilisation d'algorithmes et de logiciels pour s'approcher de la cognition humaine dans l'analyse de données médicales complexes. Plus précisément, l'IA est la capacité des algorithmes informatiques à tirer des conclusions sans intervention humaine directe. L'objectif principal des applications des IA dans le domaine de la santé est d'analyser...

 

The Karaoke King

This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: The Karaoke King – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 2007 American filmThe Karaoke KingTheatrical posterDirected byDan MacklerJJ RuscellaWritten byDonté BonnerJason DillerJaime JessupProduced byBill ...

Josh Manson

American and Canadian ice hockey player (born 1991) Ice hockey player Josh Manson Manson with the Norfolk Admirals in 2014Born (1991-10-07) October 7, 1991 (age 32)Hinsdale, Illinois, U.S.Height 6 ft 3 in (191 cm)Weight 215 lb (98 kg; 15 st 5 lb)Position DefenceShoots RightNHL teamFormer teams Colorado AvalancheAnaheim DucksNHL Draft 160th overall, 2011Anaheim DucksPlaying career 2014–present Joshua David Manson (born October 7, 1991) is an Americ...

 

Northam, Western Australia

Town in Wheatbelt region in Western Australia NorthamWestern AustraliaNortham Town HallNorthamCoordinates31°39′11″S 116°39′58″E / 31.65306°S 116.66611°E / -31.65306; 116.66611Population6,679 (SAL 2021)[1][2]Established1833Postcode(s)6401Elevation170 m (558 ft)Area26.8 km2 (10.3 sq mi)Location96 km (60 mi) from PerthLGA(s)Shire of NorthamState electorate(s)Central WheatbeltFederal division(s)Durack Mean max ...

 

Agnetha Fältskog

Swedish singer (born 1950) Agnetha redirects here. For other notable people who share the same name with varied spellings, see Agneta. This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Agnetha Fältskog – news · ne...

La Strada (musical)

This article is about the 1969 stage musical. For the 2017 stage adaptation, see La Strada (2017 stage adaptation). La StradaOriginal Broadway WindowcardMusicLionel Bart Elliot LawrenceLyricsLionel Bart Martin CharninBookCharles K. Peck, Jr.BasisFederico Fellini film La StradaProductions1969 Broadway La Strada is a musical with lyrics and music by Lionel Bart, with additional lyrics by Martin Charnin and additional music by Elliot Lawrence. It is based on the 1954 film of the same name by Fed...

 

Frank Lord

English footballer (1936–2005) For the 19th-century Australian politician, see Francis Lord. Frank Lord Lord talking to George EasthamPersonal informationFull name Frank Lord[1]Date of birth (1936-03-13)13 March 1936Place of birth Chadderton, Lancashire, EnglandDate of death June 2005 (aged 69)Place of death Cape Town, South AfricaPosition(s) Centre forwardSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)1953–1961 Rochdale 122 (54)1961–1963 Crewe Alexandra 108 (68)1963–1966 Plymouth Argyle ...

 

鐵達尼號 (1992年電影)

鐵達尼號Titanica基本资料导演史蒂芬·洛[*]旁白塞德里克·史密斯伦纳德·尼莫伊 (重制)片长95分钟40分钟（剪辑版） 67分钟（影碟版）上映及发行上映日期1992年1995年及1997 年(重制)发行商IMAX 《泰坦尼克号》（英語：Titanica）是一部1992年发行的有关泰坦尼克号的IMAX纪录片。该影片导演为史蒂芬·洛（英语：Stephen Low），旁白由塞德里克·史密斯（英语：Cedric Smith (actor)），阿那托...

2016 South Florida Bulls football team

American college football season 2016 South Florida Bulls footballThe American East Division co-championBirmingham Bowl championBirmingham Bowl, W 46–39 OT vs. South CarolinaConferenceAmerican Athletic ConferenceDivisionEast DivisionRankingCoachesNo. 19APNo. 19Record11–2 (7–1 AAC)Head coachWillie Taggart (4th season)Co-offensive coordinatorT. J. Weist (1st season)Co-offensive coordinatorDarren Hiller (1st season)Offensive schemeGulf Coast OffenseDefensive&#...

 

Three Gorges Dam

Dam in Sandouping, Yiling District, Hubei, China Dam in Yiling District, HubeiThree Gorges Dam三峡大坝The dam in September 2009Location in Hubei ProvinceShow map of HubeiThree Gorges Dam (China)Show map of ChinaCountryChinaLocationSandouping, Yiling District, HubeiCoordinates30°49′23″N 111°00′12″E / 30.82306°N 111.00333°E / 30.82306; 111.00333PurposeFlood control, power, navigationStatusOperationalConstruction beganDecember 14, 1994Opening dat...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!