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Input to a cryptographic primitive In cryptography, an initialization vector (IV) or starting variable[1] is an input to a cryptographic primitive being used to provide the initial state. The IV is typically required to be random or pseudorandom, but sometimes an IV only needs to be unpredictable or unique. Randomization is crucial for some encryption schemes to achieve semantic security, a property whereby repeated usage of the scheme under the same key does not allow an attacker to ...

この記事には複数の問題があります。改善やノートページでの議論にご協力ください。 出典がまったく示されていないか不十分です。内容に関する文献や情報源が必要です。（2016年9月） 独立記事作成の目安を満たしていないおそれがあります。（2016年9月） 他の記事から全くリンクされておらず、孤立しています。（2016年9月）出典検索?: 戦場カメラマンという仕...

«Наука та прогрес транспорту» Країна видання  Україна, ДніпроТематика Наукове супроводження транспортуПеріодичність виходу 6 разів на рікМова Українська, АнглійськаАдреса редакції 49010, Україна, Дніпро, вул. Лазаряна, 2Головний редактор Пічугов Сергій Олексійович, до�...

Overview of agriculture in Mauritius A sugarcane plantation in Mauritius. Agriculture is a major industry in Mauritius. Historically, sugarcane cultivation has been the main agricultural activity in Mauritius.[1] In 2001 it accounted for close to 70% of the nation's cultivated land which was approximately 36% of the country's total land area.[2] The Mauritius Chamber of Agriculture was founded in 1853.[3] The Faculty of Agriculture at the University of Mauritius was fo...

American politician A. C. TownleyPersonal detailsBornDecember 30, 1880Browns Valley, Minnesota, U.S.DiedNovember 7, 1959 (aged 78)Minot, North Dakota, U.S.Political partyNonpartisan LeagueOther politicalaffiliationsSocialist Party of North DakotaSpouse Margaret Rose Teenan ​ ​(m. 1911; died 1944)​ Arthur Charles Townley (December 30, 1880 – November 7, 1959) was an American political organizer best known as the founder of the National Non-Part...

Mid-1950s to '70s era of comic books Silver Age of Comic BooksShowcase #4 (October 1956), generally considered the start of the Silver AgeCover art by Carmine Infantino and Joe KubertTime span1956 – 1970Related periodsPreceded byGolden Age of Comic Books (1938–1956)Followed byBronze Age of Comic Books (1970–1985) The Silver Age of Comic Books was a period of artistic advancement and widespread commercial success in mainstream American comic books, predominantly those featuring the ...

قرية الغاوى  - قرية -  تقسيم إداري البلد  اليمن المحافظة محافظة حجة المديرية مديرية قفل شمر العزلة عزلة الدانعي السكان التعداد السكاني 2004 السكان 230   • الذكور 112   • الإناث 118   • عدد الأسر 46   • عدد المساكن 46 معلومات أخرى التوقيت توقيت اليمن (+3 غرينيتش) ت...

This is a list of airlines of Nova Scotia which have an air operator's certificate issued by Transport Canada, the country's civil aviation authority. These are airlines that are based in Nova Scotia. Current airlines Airline Image IATA ICAO Callsign Hub airport(s) orheadquarters Notes Jazz QK JZA JAZZ Halifax Stanfield Formally Jazz Aviation LP, regional and charter airline, operates as Air Canada Express[1] Maritime Air Charter Halifax Stanfield Air charter. Provides fixed-wing serv...

2013 studio album by Disclosure SettleStudio album by DisclosureReleased3 June 2013 (2013-06-03)Genre House[1] dance[2] EDM[3] 2-step garage[3] Length60:37Label PMR Island ProducerDisclosureDisclosure chronology The Singles(2013) Settle(2013) Settle: The Remixes(2013) Singles from Settle LatchReleased: 8 October 2012 White NoiseReleased: 1 February 2013 You & MeReleased: 28 April 2013 When a Fire Starts to BurnReleased: 24 May 2013[4&...

Nama ini menggunakan cara penamaan Spanyol: nama keluarga pertama atau paternalnya adalah Suárez dan nama keluarga kedua atau maternalnya adalah González. The Most ExcellentAdolfo Suárez Adipati Suárez GE, KOGFPerdana Menteri SpanyolMasa jabatan3 Juli 1976 – 25 Februari 1981Penguasa monarkiJuan Carlos IWakilManuel Gutiérrez MelladoPendahuluFernando de Santiago y DíazPenggantiLeopoldo Calvo SoteloAnggota Kongres Deputiuntuk MadridMasa jabatan28 Juli 1977 – 26 M...

United States historic placeMedburyville BridgeU.S. National Register of Historic Places Show map of VermontShow map of the United StatesLocationTown Hwy. 31 over the Deerfield River, Wilmington, VermontCoordinates42°52′16″N 72°55′12″W / 42.87111°N 72.92000°W / 42.87111; -72.92000Arealess than one acreBuilt1896 (1896)Built byVermont Construction Co.Architectural styleWarren through trussMPSMetal Truss, Masonry, and Concrete Bridges in Vermont MPSN...

Koordinat: 7°17′00″S 112°41′18″E / 7.283294°S 112.688198°E / -7.283294; 112.688198 Dukuh Pakis Dhukuh Pakis ꦝꦸꦏꦸꦃꦥꦏꦶꦱ꧀ KecamatanPeta lokasi Kecamatan Dukuh PakisNegara IndonesiaProvinsiJawa TimurKotaSurabayaPemerintahan • CamatDrs. Hari Setyowidodo, M.M.Kode pos60226Kode Kemendagri35.78.21 Kode BPS3578120 Desa/kelurahan4 Dukuh Pakis (Jawa: ꦝꦸꦏꦸꦃꦥꦏꦶꦱ꧀, translit. Dhukuh Pakis, [ɖukʊh pakɪs])...

هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسين هذه المقالة بإضافة وصلات إلى المقالات المتعلقة بها الموجودة في النص الحالي. (يوليو 2019) منتخب تايبيه الصينية للكرة اللينة للسيدات تعديل مصدري - تعديل   منتخب تايبيه ...

Automated shuttle transit route in Milan This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: MeLA – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) MeLAOverviewNative nameMetropolitana Leggera AutomaticaLocaleMilan, ItalyTransit typepeople moverNum...

1999 video game This article is about the first game in the series. For the series, see Valkyrie Profile. 1999 video gameValkyrie ProfileJapanese PlayStation cover artDeveloper(s)tri-AceTose (PSP)FINE Co., Ltd. (Android, iOS)Publisher(s)EnixSquare Enix (Lenneth)Director(s)Yoshiharu GotandaProducer(s)Yoshinori YamagishiDesigner(s)Masaki NorimotoArtist(s)Ko YoshinariYoh YoshinariWriter(s)Masaki NorimotoComposer(s)Motoi SakurabaSeriesValkyrie ProfilePlatform(s)PlayStationPlayStation PortableAndr...

American singer For other uses, see Bilal (disambiguation) and Bilal Hajji. BilalBilal at Central Park SummerStage in New York, 2015Background informationBirth nameBilal Sayeed OliverAlso known asAirtightBorn (1979-08-23) August 23, 1979 (age 44)Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.Genres Progressive soul[1] neo soul[2] R&B Philadelphia soul jazz[3] psychedelic soul[4] Occupation(s) Singer songwriter record producer Years active1999–presentLabels E1 Plug ...

French-American nun Irma Le Fer de la Motte(Sister St Francis Xavier Le Fer) Irma Le Fer de la Motte (15 April 1816 – 31 January 1856), also called as Sister Saint Francis Xavier Le Fer was a French-American nun.[1] Biography Born on 15 April 1816 at Saint-Servan, Irma Le Fer de la Motte was the fourth of twelve children of Charles Le Fer de la Motte and Eugenie de Ginguene.[2] Her early education was scant. She learned from an informal school run by an elderly woman, and al...

Riproduzione della colonna rostrata presso il Museo della civiltà romana a Roma. La Colonna Duilia (in latino Columna Rostrata C. Duilii, ovvero: Colonna rostrata di Gaio Duilio) è stata un'antica colonna rostrata, situata originariamente nel Foro Romano, di cui è rimasta solo la base con un'antica iscrizione. Indice 1 Storia 2 Note 3 Bibliografia 4 Altri progetti 5 Collegamenti esterni Storia La colonna fu realizzata in occasione del trionfo del console Gaio Duilio che nel 260 a.C. aveva ...

Questa voce sull'argomento musicisti svizzeri è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Andreas Vollenweider Andreas Vollenweider (Zurigo, 4 ottobre 1953) è un arpista svizzero. Inizia la sua carriera nel 1979 scoprendo l'arpa come strumento per esprimere la sua creatività; strumento che con il tempo modifica da tradizionale in arpa elettro-acustica. Nel 1987 riceve il premio Grammy per il suo album Down to the Moon, a cui seguiranno altre due ...

Maritime law enforcement force of Albania Coast Guard of AlbaniaRoja BregdetareRacing StripeAgency overviewFormed2002Jurisdictional structureOperations jurisdictionAlbaniaConstituting instrumentLaw no. 8875, 2002 on Albanian Coast Guard.[1]Specialist jurisdictionCoastal patrol, marine border protection, marine search and rescue.Operational structureParent agencyMinistry of DefenceFacilitiesNaval BasesDurrës & Pasha Liman The Albanian Coast Guard (Albanian: Roja Bregdetare) is the...