Ancient city in Syria Secunda
Raphanea or Raphaneae (Ancient Greek : Ῥαφάνεια ;[ 1] Arabic : الرفنية , romanized : al-Rafaniyya Rafniye ) was a city of the late Roman province of Syria Secunda . Its bishopric was a suffragan of Apamea .
History
Josephus mentions Raphanea in connection with a river Σαββατικον, referred now to as Sambatiyon that flowed only every seventh days (probably an intermittent spring now called Fuwar ed-Deir) and that was viewed by Titus on his way northward from Berytus after the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70.[ 2]
Near Emesa , Raphanea was the fortified headquarters of the Legio III Gallica from which was launched the successful bid of 14-year-old Elagabalus to become Roman Emperor in 218.[ 3]
Raphanea issued coins under Elagabalus,[ 4] [ 5] [ 6] [ 7]
Hierocles [ 8] Georgius Cyprius [ 9] Baldwin I and was given to the Count of Tripoli .[ 10] [ 11]
Episcopal see
The only bishops of Raphanea known are:[ 11] [ 12]
Bassianus, present at the Nicaea , 325;
Gerontius at Philippopolis, 344;
Basil at Constantinople , 381;
Lampadius at Chalcedon , 451;
Zoilus about 518;
Nonnus, 536. The see is mentioned as late as the 10th century in the Notitia episcopatuum Antioch .[ 11] [ 13]
References
^ Emil Schürer (2014). "A History of the Jewish People in the Time of Jesus Christ: Two Divisions in Five Volumes" . Aeterna Press. ^ Josephus, The War of the Jews or The History of the Destruction of Jerusalem , book 7, chapter 5, 1 ^ Jasper Burns, Great Women of Imperial Rome (Routledge 2006 ISBN 978-1-13413185-3 ), p. 209^ Kevin Butcher, Roman Syria and the Near East (Getty Publications 2003 ISBN 978-0-89236715-3 ), p. 117^ American Numismatic Society: Raphanea ^ Elagabalus AE21mm Raphanea in Syria ^ Raphanea Genius Coin ^ Synecdemus ^ 870 (Heinrich Gelzer , Georgii Cyprii descriptio orbis romani , 44)
^ "Historiens des croisades", passim; Rey in "Bulletin de la Société des antiquaires de France", Paris, 1885, 266.
^ a b c Sophrone Pétridès, "Rhaphanaea" in Catholic Encyclopedia (New York 1912) ^ Le Quien , "Oriens christianus", II, 921.^ Vailhé, "Échos d'Orient", X, 94.
External links
