Stephens is the author of The Fire Spreads: Holiness and Pentecostalism in the American South (Harvard University Press). This book won Stephens the Smith-Wynkoop Book Award from the Wesleyan Theological Society and received praise from TLS, Publishers Weekly and the Atlantic. In 2011 the Belknap Press of Harvard University Press published his book, co-authored with science-and-religion scholar Karl Giberson, titled The Anointed: Evangelical Truth in a Secular Age. His third book, The Devil's Music: How Christians Inspired, Condemned, and Embraced Rock 'n' Roll, was published by Harvard University Press in 2018. He is the editor of Recent Trends in Religious History, part of the "Historians in Conversation Series: Understanding the Past," with the University of South Carolina Press. He has authored chapters for volumes published by the University of Kentucky Press, Oxford University Press, Columbia University Press (the Bibliographic editor for The Columbia Guide to Religion in American History),[5] the University of South Carolina Press, Cambridge University Press, the University of Florida Press, and the University of Alabama Press.[2]