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Qingdao–Jinan railway
胶济铁路
Qingdao–Jinan railway; 胶济铁路
	Qingdao port area in the 1910s
Overview
Status	Operational
Locale	People's Republic of China
Termini	Qingdao; Jinan;
Stations	36
Service
Type	Heavy rail
System	China Railway
Operator(s)	China Railway
History
Opened	1904
Technical
Line length	384.2 km (238.7 mi)
Track gauge	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification	50 Hz 25 kV
Operating speed	200 km/h (124 mph)
Route map
Route map
	Legend
	Beijing–Shanghai railway
	to Shanghai│to Beijing
	Jinan passenger
	transport depot
	Jinan
	locomotive depot
	Huangtai–Jinan East link line
	to Jinan–Qingdao HSR & Jinan East
	closed
	1944
	Qingzhou South
	(passenger services closed 2008)
	Yiyang Railway to Yangkou & Dajiawa
	Qinglin Railway to Linqu & Yeyuan
	Fangzi branch
	(part of the line before doubling)
	Jiaozhou–Huangdao railway to Huangdao
	Qingdao–Yancheng railway to Yancheng
	Jinan–Qingdao HSR
	to Hongdao│to Jinan East
	(L)
	Qingdao–Jinan passenger railway
	Qingdao–Rongcheng ICR
	(R)
	Qingdao–Yancheng railway to Yancheng &
	Jinan–Qingdao HSR to Hongdao & Jinan East
	This diagram: view; talk; edit;

The Qingdao–Jinan railway or Jiaoji Railway (simplified Chinese: 胶济铁路; traditional Chinese: 膠濟鐵路; pinyin: Jiāojì Tiělù, formerly the Shantung Railway) is a railway in Shandong Province, China. The railway is 393 kilometres (244 mi) in length and connects Qingdao, on the Jiaozhou Bay, and Jinan, the provincial capital of Shandong. Adolph von Hansemann and other German financiers funded construction of the railway, then known as Schantung Eisenbahn Gesellschaft (Shantung Railway Company), which began September 23, 1899, and was completed in 1904.^[10] Since the quadruple tracking of this corridor with the opening of the parallel Qingdao–Jinan passenger railway, the line is mostly used for freight with some conventional passenger services.

Rail connections

Jinan: Beijing–Shanghai railway, Handan–Jinan railway
Zibo: Zibo–Dongying railway
Yantai: Lancun–Yantai railway
Jiaozhou: Jiaozhou–Xinyi railway, Haitian−Qingdao railway

History

As the Qingdao–Jinan railway could be used to transport a large number of soldiers through the mountainous countryside of the Shandong Peninsula, it was of great military significance during the Warlord Era (1916–1928) and Nanjing decade (1928–1937) of China, as various warlords used it in their conflicts. In late 1932, the railway saw heavy fighting as warlord Han Fuju sought to capture its eastern section from his rival Liu Zhennian during a war for eastern Shandong. Liu's troops managed to beat off the attacks, forcing Han to resort to the region's road network (which was of bad quality at the time) to move his army, significantly prolonging the war.^[11] Nevertheless, Han eventually won, unifying all of Shandong under his rule.^[12]

It was originally opened by the German-owned Shantung Railway Company, and after the Germans were defeated in China by the Japanese during the First World War, it passed to Chinese control as the Jiaoji Railway Company. After the Japanese occupation of northern China during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Jiaoji Railway was nationalised and made part of the North China Transportation Company. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the railway became part of China Railway.

Between 1959 and 1990, the railway was dualled. Electrification of the railway began in 2003 and was completed in September 2006.^[13]

Incidents

2008 Shandong train collision

References

^ Zhang, Na (14 May 2013). "济南部分老站房盼"重见天日"" [Some old station buildings in Jinan look forward to "seeing the sky again"]. Jinan Times (in Chinese). Retrieved 15 February 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j "The current electrification design of the Jiaoji Railway has a traveling speed of 200 kilometers per hour". Dazhong Daily. 9 September 2006. Retrieved 12 February 2021 – via JiaoDong.net.
^ Fu, Luowei (4 March 2012). "马尚站里话"马上"" ["Immediately" at Mashang station] (in Chinese). keyunzhan.com. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
^ 大众网 (29 March 2005). "胶济铁路电气化改造部分铁路站点暂停客运业务" [Jiaoji Railway Electrification, Passenger Service at some Railway Stations Suspended]. Sina News (in Chinese). Retrieved 14 February 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "胶济铁路电气化改造竣工张高丽等出席开通仪式" [Jiaoji Railway Electrification Reconstruction Completed Zhang Gaoli and others attended the opening ceremony]. Shuimu net (in Chinese). 10 September 2006. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
^ Zhou, Xiaoqing (10 February 2018). "没有火车停靠　普通站不普通" [No trains stop at Putong station, which is not ordinary (putong)]. Weifang Evening News (in Chinese). Retrieved 14 February 2021.
^ ^a ^b "道路建设让城市运转更通畅" [Road construction makes the city run more smoothly]. Gaomi News Network (in Chinese). 30 September 2014. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
^ "激动人心！城阳火车站今日启用开通往济南、荣成方向等6趟车次". 半岛网. 2022-07-01. Archived from the original on 2022-07-01. Retrieved 2020-07-01.
^ "112岁女姑口火车站荒废曾被称"中国境内第一站"" [112-year-old Nügukou railway station was abandoned, once called "the first station in China"]. 半岛都市报 (in Chinese). 20 March 2013. Retrieved 12 February 2021.
^ 斯, 李. "1904年06月01日胶济铁路通车". www.todayonhistory.com. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
^ Jowett (2017), p. 207.
^ Jowett (2017), pp. 207–208.
^ "胶济铁路：承载齐鲁百年荣辱|青岛新闻|半岛网". 2011-07-28. Archived from the original on 2011-07-28. Retrieved 2020-11-11.