Pulsone Technology is a wireless communications technology and business unit developed by Cohere Technologies for Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) n…
Pulsone Technology is a wireless communications technology and business unit developed by Cohere Technologies for Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) networks and Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN).[1][2] Launched in October 2025, Pulsone is based on the Zak-OTFS (Zak-Orthogonal Time Frequency Space) waveform, which operates in the delay-Doppler domain rather than the traditional time-frequency domain used by OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing).[1][2][3]
The technology is designed to address challenges in high-mobility communications, satellite links, and radar applications.[1][3] Unlike OFDM-based systems that struggle with Doppler shifts and delay spread in Non-Terrestrial Networks, Pulsone Technology leverages the inherent stability of the Delay-Doppler domain for improved performance in dynamic environments.[1][3] The name combines "pulse" (radar sensing) and "tone" (communications), reflecting the technology's dual-use capability for ISAC applications.[3]
Pulsone is positioned for 5G enhancement, 6G networks, defense applications, and satellite communications.[1][2][4] The technology has attracted interest from defense sectors for applications including drone swarm detection, missile defense systems, and secure military communications.[1][4][5]
Cohere Technologies began development of OTFS technology in 2011, with the Pulsone Technology brand trademarked several years prior to its commercial launch.[3] The company announced Pulsone as a distinct business unit on October 20, 2025, focusing on ISAC and NTN applications separate from its existing Universal Spectrum Multiplier (USM) product line for 4G/5G networks.[1][3][4][2][6]
The first public demonstration occurred at NVIDIA's GTC government conference in Washington D.C. from October 27–29, 2025, featuring a real-time neural receiver running on NVIDIA's Jetson platform.[1][4][6][2] This demonstration was conducted in collaboration with researchers from Duke University and Virginia Tech.[1][4][2] In January 2026, Cohere announced accelerated development efforts for NTN applications and expanded academic partnerships including the 6G@UT Research Center at the University of Texas at Austin.[7]
Pulsone Technology operates fundamentally differently from OFDM-based systems by processing signals in the delay-Doppler domain rather than the time-frequency domain.[1][3][8] This approach provides inherent stability in high-mobility scenarios where conventional OFDM experiences significant performance degradation.[9][8] The Zak-OTFS waveform uses the Zak transform to convert delay-Doppler information into time-domain signals for transmission over the wireless channel.[8][10]
In the delay-Doppler representation, each propagation path appears as a point in two-dimensional space, with delay (τ) corresponding to distance and Doppler shift (v) corresponding to relative velocity.[9][11][8] This natural coordinate system for radar and high-mobility communications allows the channel to remain quasi-static even when the time-frequency channel is rapidly varying.[12][8] For ISAC applications, direct communication signals and reflected sensing signals naturally separate in the delay-Doppler domain.[9]
Zak-OTFS is designed as a configurable "mother waveform" that can emulate existing 3GPP waveforms, including 5G CP-OFDM, through parameter tuning and pre-coding.[1][2][13] This backward compatibility allows deployment on existing 5G hardware infrastructure without immediate equipment upgrades.[3][2][14] The waveform supports gradual migration from 5G to 6G through software configuration changes rather than hardware replacement.[3][2][14]
The Pulsone implementation includes a real-time neural receiver that operates without offline training, addressing a key limitation of conventional neural receivers.[4][2] The receiver uses online learning to adapt within a single symbol time, providing low-complexity universal reception that works across both OFDM and OTFS waveforms using the same structural framework.[4][15] For ISAC applications, the neural receiver enables data-driven sensing without additional capacity overhead by leveraging the stability of the delay-Doppler domain.[4][16]
Pulsone Technology's primary application is ISAC, which combines wireless communications with radar-like sensing capabilities in a single system.[2][1][3][4][6] Operating natively in the delay-Doppler domain provides theoretical advantages for sensing applications, with research indicating potential for detecting four times the number of targets with four times better resolution compared to OFDM-based ISAC systems.[5]
Key ISAC applications include:
Non-Terrestrial Networks present significant challenges for conventional OFDM-based systems due to large Doppler shifts (typically 20–48 kHz depending on carrier frequency and elevation angle), extended propagation delays (25-100 ms for LEO, 250+ ms for GEO), and large cell footprints creating differential delays across coverage areas.[3][7][19][20][21] OFDM's sensitivity to Doppler shift causes severe inter-carrier interference in satellite scenarios.[8]
Pulsone Technology addresses these challenges through native Doppler handling in the delay-Doppler domain.[3][7] Each satellite appears at a distinct delay-Doppler coordinate, enabling natural multi-satellite diversity and full frequency reuse across satellites. Research has demonstrated approximately 50% capacity improvements using two-satellite diversity in LEO scenarios. The technology reduces dependency on GNSS positioning systems required by 3GPP Release 17 NTN solutions for OFDM-based communications.[22]
Cohere Technologies has submitted Zak-OTFS for consideration in 3GPP 6G standardization processes.[1][3][5] However, the company maintains a path to commercialization independent of standards adoption, positioning Pulsone as a proprietary technology that can operate alongside or on top of existing 3GPP standards.[1][3][6]
The technology faces competition from established OFDM-based infrastructure and incremental improvements to existing standards.[5] Industry analysis suggests significant resistance to fundamental waveform changes given the extensive investment in OFDM-based systems across 4G and 5G networks.[6][5] Defense and government sectors have shown stronger interest due to specific requirements for ISAC and secure communications that are difficult to address with conventional approaches.[1][4]
Pulsone Technology development involves collaboration with academic institutions and industry partners:[1][4][2][7]
Academic partnerships:
Industry partnerships:
As of early 2026, Pulsone Technology remains in development with working prototypes scheduled for the first half of 2026.[4] Cohere Technologies has stated the company is fully funded following capital raises in 2024-2025.[3] The technology is being demonstrated to mobile network operators, satellite operators, and defense organizations.[1][3][4]
Defense applications have received priority focus, particularly for the Golden Dome missile defense system ($24.4 billion allocated by US Congress) and NATO-funded sensing and communications initiatives.[1][4] Commercial mobile network deployments face longer development timelines due to standards considerations and infrastructure compatibility requirements.[1][6][5]
Cohere Technologies has filed over 330 patents related to OTFS technology since 2011.[1] Pulsone is a registered trademark of Cohere Technologies.[1][3] While OTFS research exists globally, including development in China, Cohere maintains the most extensive Western patent portfolio for OTFS-related technologies.[1]
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