Pucciniomycetes

Pucciniomycetes
	Aecia of Puccinia sessilis on Arum maculatum leaf
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Basidiomycota
Subdivision:	Pucciniomycotina
Class:	Pucciniomycetes; R. Bauer, Begerow, J.P. Samp., M. Weiss & Oberw. (2006)
Orders
	Helicobasidiales; Pachnocybales; Platygloeales; Pucciniales; Septobasidiales
Synonyms
	Pucciniomycetes D.Hawksw., B.Sutton & Ainsw. (1983)

Pucciniomycetes (formerly known as Urediniomycetidae) is a diverse class of fungi in the subphylum Pucciniomycotina of phylum Basidiomycota.^[3] The class contains 5 orders, 21 families, 190 genera, and approximately 8,016 species.^[4] It has been estimated that this class contains about one third of all teleomorphic basidiomycetes. Pucciniomycetes contains many economically important plant pathogenic fungal rusts; the order Pucciniales (formerly Uredinales) is the largest clade in this class, representing approximately 7,000 species.^[5]

Pucciniomycetes are cosmopolitan and can be found in both terrestrial and aquatic environments, although aquatic species are poorly understood.^[5]

Characteristics

Species in the class Pucciniomycetes develop no basidiocarp, karyogamy occurs in a thick-walled resting spore (teliospore), and meiosis occurs upon germination of the teliospore. They have simple septal pores without membrane caps, and disc-like spindle pole bodies. Except for a few species, the basidia, when present, are transversely septate. Mannose is the major cell-wall carbohydrate; glucose, fucose, and rhamnose are the less prevalent neutral sugars; and xylose is not present.

Taxonomy

The class Pucciniomycetes was first defined as a monophyletic group in 1995. Pucciniomycetes contains rust fungi, the order Septobasidiales, teliospore-forming yeasts, and various species that were once classified as smut or jelly fungi.^[5]

References

^ Bauer R, Begerow D, Sampaio JP, Weiss M, Oberwinkler F (2006). "The simple-septate basidiomycetes: a synopsis". Mycological Progress. 5 (1): 41–66. doi:10.1007/s11557-006-0502-0. S2CID 26613287.
^ "Pucciniomycetes R. Bauer, Begerow, J.P. Samp., M. Weiss & Oberw. 2006". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-07-08.
^ Hibbett, David S.; Binder, Manfred; Bischoff, Joseph F.; Blackwell, Meredith; Cannon, Paul F.; Eriksson, Ove E.; Huhndorf, Sabine; James, Timothy; Kirk, Paul M.; Lücking, Robert; Thorsten Lumbsch, H.; Lutzoni, François; Matheny, P. Brandon; McLaughlin, David J.; Powell, Martha J. (May 2007). "A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi" (PDF). Mycological Research. 111 (5): 509–547. doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2007.03.004. ISSN 0953-7562. PMID 17572334. S2CID 4686378.
^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford: CABI. pp. 580–81. ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8.
^ ^a ^b ^c McLaughlin, David J. (2001). Systematics and Evolution. Esther G. McLaughlin, Paul A. Lemke. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ISBN 978-3-662-10189-6. OCLC 851389244.