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Pithecanthropus Erectus
Pithecanthropus Erectus
Studio album by Charles Mingus
Released	August 1956
Recorded	January 30, 1956
Studio	Audio-Video Studios; New York City
Genre	Jazz, post-bop
Length	36:36
Label	Atlantic
Producer	Nesuhi Ertegun
Charles Mingus chronology

Pithecanthropus Erectus is a studio album by jazz composer and bassist Charles Mingus. It was released in August 1956 through Atlantic Records.^[1]^[2] Mingus noted that this was the first album where he taught arrangements to his musicians by ear instead of putting the chords and arrangements in writing.^[3]

Music

According to Mingus' liner notes, the title song is a ten-minute tone poem, depicting the rise of man from his hominid roots (Pithecanthropus erectus) to an eventual downfall due to "his own failure to realize the inevitable emancipation of those he sought to enslave, and his greed in attempting to stand on a false security." The song's title refers to the Java Man fossil, which at the time of its discovery was the oldest human fossil ever found.

Reception

Professional ratings
Review scores
Source	Rating
AllMusic	^[7]
Tom Hull	A^[8]
The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings	^[9]
Q	^[4]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide	^[5]
Vibe	(not rated)^[6]

The Penguin Guide to Jazz gave it a maximum four-star rating and included it in its “core collection” of essential recordings, describing it as "One of the truly great modern jazz albums".^[9] In the same review, "the all-in ensemble work" in parts of the first track, "Pithecanthropus Erectus", is described as being "absolutely crucial to the development of free collective improvisation in the following decade".

Track listing

All tracks composed by Charles Mingus except where noted.

"Pithecanthropus Erectus" – 10:36
"A Foggy Day" – 7:50 (George Gershwin)
"Profile of Jackie" – 3:11
"Love Chant" – 14:59

Personnel

Musicians

Charles Mingus – bass
Jackie McLean – alto saxophone
J. R. Monterose – tenor saxophone
Mal Waldron – piano
Willie Jones – drums

Production

Tom Dowd – recording engineering
Hal Lustig – recording engineering

References

^ ^a ^b Parnes, Sid, ed. (August 4, 1956). "August Album Releases" (PDF). The Cash Box. New York: The Cash Box Publishing Co. p. 12. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 3, 2023.
^ ^a ^b Ackerman, Paul, ed. (August 25, 1956). "Reviews and Ratings of New Jazz Albums". The Billboard. Cincinnati: The Billboard Publishing Co. p. 29.
^ Huey, Steve. "Pithecanthropus Erectus - Charles Mingus | AllMusic". allmusic.com. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
^ "The essential early Mingus set" (December 2001) Q, p. 160.
^ The Rolling Stone Album Guide. Random House. 1992. p. 477.
^ "The Vibe 100" (December 1999) Vibe, p.162. (Included in Vibe's 100 Essential Albums of the 20th Century.)
^ Huey, Steve. "Pithecanthropus Erectus - Charles Mingus | AllMusic". allmusic.com. Retrieved 13 August 2011.
^ Hull, Tom (n.d.). "Essential Jazz Albums of the 1950s". tomhull.com. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Cook, Richard & Morton, Brian (2008) The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings, p. 1001. Penguin.