Otis Rush Jr. (April 29, 1934 – September 29, 2018)[1] was an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter. His distinctive guitar style featured a slow-burning sound and long bent notes, sometimes two and three at a time. Compared to other groups at the time where the sound of the band was the focus, he, along with Magic Sam and Buddy Guy, is credited with bringing the guitar to the forefront with a sound that became known as West Side Chicago blues which influenced many musicians, including Michael Bloomfield, Peter Green and Eric Clapton.
As a performer, Otis was unique. He had an intense and powerful tenor voice that grabbed your attention and he played his guitar backwards and upside down. He had the low strings adjusted very low, and the G, B,and high E strings adjusted for slightly higher action so that he could curl his left pinky under the low strings and pull them downward. Albert King and Jimi Hendrix played the same way.[2]
Early life
Rush was born near Philadelphia, Mississippi in 1934, the son of farmers Julia Campbell Boyd and Otis C. Rush,.[3][4] He was one of seven children and worked on a farm throughout his childhood.[4] He sang in local church choirs and at the age of eight taught himself how to play guitar.[4]
Otis Rush performs at the 1970 Ann Arbor Blues Festival, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Cobra Records went bankrupt in 1959, and Rush signed a recording contract with Chess Records in 1960.[2] He recorded eight tracks for the label, four of which were released on two singles that year. Six tracks, including the two singles, were later included on the album Door to Door in 1969, a compilation also featuring Chess recordings by Albert King.[7] Rush went into the studio for Duke Records in 1962, though they only issued one single, "Homework" backed with "I Have to Laugh". [8] It was also released in Great Britain as Vocalion VP9260 in 1963. In 1965, he recorded for Vanguard; these recordings are included on the label's compilation album Chicago/The Blues/Today! Vol. 2. Rush began playing in other cities in the United States and in Europe during the 1960s, notably with the American Folk Blues Festival.[9]Unofficial recordings at this festival in 1967 and at the University of Chicago Folkfest in 1966 were later released together with recordings of Little Walter.[10] In 1969, his album Mourning in the Morning was released by Cotillion Records. Recorded at the FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, the album was produced by Michael Bloomfield and Nick Gravenites (then of the band Electric Flag). The sound incorporated soul music and rock, a new direction for Rush.[11]
"Rush is a 'good singer' with a 'good instrument'—sweet, penetrating, slurred—but the words aren't where his soul goes. It goes into the form itself. Like B.B. King's, only less predictably by now, his solos expand upon the Chicago verities in almost jazzlike flights without ever transgressing against them."
In 1971, Rush recorded the album Right Place, Wrong Time in San Francisco for Capitol Records, but Capitol did not release it. The album was finally issued in 1976, when Rush purchased the master from Capitol and had it released by P-Vine Records in Japan. Bullfrog Records released it in the United States soon after.[2] The album has since gained a reputation as one of his best works.[13][14] He also released some albums for Delmark Records and for Sonet Records in Europe during the 1970s, but by the end of the decade, he had stopped performing and recording.[2]
Rush made a comeback in 1985 with a U.S. tour and the release of a live album, Tops, recorded at the San Francisco Blues Festival.[15]
Rush performing in 2002
Rush released Ain't Enough Comin' In in 1994, his first studio album in 16 years.[2][6]Any Place I'm Goin' followed in 1998, and he earned his first Grammy Award for Best Traditional Blues Album in 1999. Rush did not record a new studio album after 1998 but he continued to tour and perform until 2003, when he suffered a stroke. In 2002, he was featured on the Bo Diddley tribute album Hey Bo Diddley – A Tribute!, performing the song "I'm a Man", produced by Carla Olson. Rush's 2006 album Live...and in Concert from San Francisco, a live recording from 1999, was released by Blues Express Records.[2] Video footage of the same show was released on the DVD Live Part 1 in 2003.[16]
In June 2016, Rush made a rare appearance at the Chicago Blues Festival in Grant Park. Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel honored Rush's appearance by declaring June 12 to be Otis Rush Day in Chicago. Due to his ongoing health problems Rush was unable to play, but was present with his family.[17]
In 2015, Rolling Stone ranked Rush number 53 on its 100 Greatest Guitarists list.[19]
The Jazz Foundation of America honored Rush with a Lifetime Achievement Award on April 20, 2018 "for a lifetime of genius and leaving an indelible mark in the world of blues and the universal language of music."[20]
Death
Rush died on September 29, 2018, from complications of a stroke. His death was announced on his website by his wife, Masaki.[1]
Gregg Parker, CEO and a founder of the Chicago Blues Museum said of Rush: "He was one of the last great blues guitar heroes. He was an electric god".[21] Writing in The New York Times, Bill Friskics-Warren said, "A richly emotive singer and a guitarist of great skill and imagination, Mr. Rush was in the vanguard of a small circle of late-1950s innovators, including Buddy Guy and Magic Sam, whose music, steeped in R&B, heralded a new era for Chicago blues."[22]
