Operation Lentil (Sumatra)

Grumman Avenger torpedo bombers from HMS Indefatigable forming up for a raid on a Japanese oil refinery at Pangkalan Brandan during Lentil.

Operation Lentil (Sumatra) was an air raid by British carrier-based aircraft on oil installations at Pangkalan Brandan, an important centre for Indonesian oil production on Sumatra on 4 January 1945. It was part of the larger Operation Outflank, and its aim was to disrupt fuel supplies to Japanese forces in the Pacific.

Attacking force

The attack was done under the command of then Rear-Admiral Philip Vian, who was in charge of the British Pacific Fleet's air operations.^[1] Three aircraft carriers, HMS Indomitable HMS Indefatigable and HMS Victorious, escorted by four cruisers (HMS Suffolk, Ceylon, Argonaut and Black Prince) and eight destroyers, including the 25th Flotilla (Grenville (leader), Ursa, Undaunted, Undine) and the 27th Flotilla (Kempenfelt (leader), Whelp, and Wager), attacked Pangkalan Brandan and succeeded in causing considerable damage: the attack aircraft badly damaged the refinery, and the fighters shot down about 12 Japanese aircraft as well as destroying another 20 on the ground. The British lost only one aircraft, an Avenger whose crew was rescued. In terms of aircraft numbers, it was the Royal Navy's heaviest assault on the Japanese to date, with the three carriers embarking a total of 88 fighter planes.^[2]

Despite the lack of discipline from some of the fighter pilots, who abandoned their main mission of protecting the bombers to engage in dogfights with the enemy,^[2] the attack was pronounced a moderate success and gave way to follow-up attacks on Japanese oil production in Sumatra, under the codename Operation Meridian.^[3]

References

1. "Lentil | Operations & Codenames of WWII". codenames.info. Retrieved 6 January 2019.
2. Gray, Edwyn (1990). Operation Pacific: The Royal Navy's War against Japan 1941 – 1945. London: Pen and Sword. p. 178. ISBN 978-0-85052-264-8.
3. Guinn, Gilbert S.; Bennet, G. H. (2007). British Naval Aviation in World War II: The US Navy and Anglo-American Relations. London, New York: Tauris Academic Studies. p. 144. ISBN 978-0-85771-112-0.

Further reading

• "Task Force 57" by Peter C Smith. 1969 Republished by Crecy Publishing Manchester third edition 2001. ISBN 0-947554-85-8
• John Winton, The Forgotten Fleet:The British Navy in the Pacific 1944–1945, Coward McCann, 1970
• Jurgen Rohwer, Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945, Naval institute press, 2005, ISBN 1-59114-119-2 

External links

• Table of actions by Royal Navy
• New Zealand naval history
• HMS Ursa, Destroyer
• Operation Lentil : Operations of WW2