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Niobium oxide, archaically called columbium oxide,^[1] may refer to:

Niobium monoxide (niobium(II) oxide), NbO
Niobium dioxide (niobium(IV) oxide), NbO₂
Niobium pentoxide (niobium(V) oxide), Nb₂O₅

In addition to the above, other distinct oxides exist

general formula Nb_3n+1O_8n−2 where n ranges from 5 - 8 inclusive, e.g. Nb₈O₁₉ (Nb₁₆O₃₈).^[2]
Nb₁₂O₂₉ and Nb₄₇O₁₁₆

Natural niobium oxide is sometimes known as niobia.

References

^ Kamat, G. R.; Gupta, C. K. (Oct 1971). "Open aluminothermic reduction of columbium (Nb) pentoxide and purification of the reduced metal". Metallurgical Transactions. 2 (10): 2817–2823. doi:10.1007/BF02813257. ISSN 0026-086X.
^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

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[1] Kamat, G. R.; Gupta, C. K. (Oct 1971). "Open aluminothermic reduction of columbium (Nb) pentoxide and purification of the reduced metal". Metallurgical Transactions. 2 (10): 2817–2823. doi:10.1007/BF02813257. ISSN 0026-086X.

[2] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

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