Nicaraguan Professional Baseball League

Nicaraguan Professional Baseball League
SportBaseball
Founded1956
No. of teams5
CountryNicaragua
Most recent
champion(s)
Gigantes de Rivas
(5th title)
Most titlesIndios del Bóer
(9 titles)
Official websitehttp://lbpn.com.ni/
Nicaraguan Professional Baseball League team locations

The Nicaraguan Professional Baseball League (Spanish: Liga de Béisbol Profesional Nacional or LBPN), known as the Campeonato Claro for sponsorship purposes, is the professional baseball league of Nicaragua. The league consists of five teams with a 30-game regular season schedule that runs from November to December, followed by a four team playoff round robin; the two best teams advance to a best of seven championship series.

History

Before the formation of the professional league, Nicaraguan baseball had long been played at the amateur level. However, the first club to sign a player to a professional baseball was San Fernando, signing several Cuban players for the 1955. The following year, the entire league embraced professionalism.[1] The Nicaraguan professional league was formed in 1956, with five teams: Indios del Bóer, Cinco Estrellas, San Fernando, León, and Flor de Caña.[2] Inaugurated on March 30, 1956 at the Estadio Nacional Anastasio Somoza (the site of the modern Estadio Nacional Soberanía), the first game was between San Fernando and Bóer. The first season was suspended in September 1956 due to the assassination of Anastasio Somoza García, but the tournament resumed in March 1957.[3][4][5][6]

The league initially operated on a summer schedule, but was converted to a winter league when it agreed to join organized baseball in 1957. This agreement was facilitated by President Luis Somoza Debayle as part of a resolution between the Nicaraguan league and organized baseball, which accused the league of "raiding" players from Mexican League clubs.[7][8]

The Nicaraguan public's excitement for baseball grew as foreign professional teams and foreign players came to play in their country's winter league circuit. The teams from Bóer and León were the most successful teams in those years with three championships each. Due to economic difficulties, the league had to shut down in 1967, though baseball continued to be played in an amateur format.

Professional baseball was re-established in Nicaragua in 2004. Since then, Bóer has led the league in championships with six, their most recent victory coming in the 2022–23 season.

Current teams

Team City Stadium Capacity Founded
Indios del Bóer Managua Estadio Nacional Soberanía 20,000 1905
Tigres de Chinandega Chinandega Estadio Efraín Tijerino 8,000 1956
Gigantes de Rivas Rivas Estadio Yamil Ríos Ugarte 6,000 2013
Leones de León León Estadio Héroes y Mártires 8,000 1939
Tren del Norte Estelí Estadio Rufo Marín 1,200 1961

Defunct teams

Defunct stadiums

  • Estadio Roberto Clemente, Masaya
  • Estadio Roque Tadeo Zavala, Granada

Champions

Key
Champions also won the Latin American Series that season
Champions also won the Interamerican Series that season
Season Champion Final
Series
Runners Up Manager
1956 Season suspended due to the assassination of Anastasio Somoza García
1957 Leones de León
1957–58 Leones de León (2) 4–2 Cinco Estrellas Wilfredo Calviño
1958–59 Oriental 4–3 Indios del Bóer Roberto Fernandez Tapanes
1959–60 Leones de León (3) 4–1 Cinco Estrellas Julio Moreno
1960–61 Season canceled due to extreme weather[9]
1961–62 Cigarilleros del Marlboro[a] 4–2 Indios del Bóer Stanford Graham
1962–63 Indios del Bóer 2–1 Leones de León Tony Castaño
1963–64 Cinco Estrellas 4–2 Oriental Wilfredo Calviño
1964–65 Indios del Bóer (2) 4–2 Round robin[b] Calvin Byron
1965–66 Indios del Bóer (3) 4–1 Leones de León Calvin Byron
1966–67 Cinco Estrellas (2) 4–3 Indios del Bóer Julio Moreno
No professional baseball from 1967 to 2004
2004–05 Leones de León (4) 4–3 Tigres de Chinandega Noel Areas
2005–06 Tigres de Chinandega 4–2 Fieras de San Fernando Jorge Fuentes
2006–07 Indios del Bóer (4) 4–0 Leones de León Noel Areas
2007–08 Indios del Bóer (5) 4–2 Fieras de San Fernando Lourdes Gourriel
2008–09 Season suspended
2009–10 Leones de León (5) 4–1 Oriental de Granada Roger Guillén
2010–11 Indios del Bóer (6) 4–1 Tigres de Chinandega Noel Areas
2011–12 Indios del Bóer (7) 4–2 Tigres de Chinandega Julio César Sanchez
2012–13 Tigres de Chinandega (2) 4–2 Oriental de Granada Germán Mesa
2013–14 Gigantes de Rivas 4–1 Indios del Bóer Manny Collado
2014–15 Indios del Bóer (8) 4–2 Gigantes de Rivas Javier Colina
2015–16 Gigantes de Rivas (2) 4–3 Oriental de Granada Germán Mesa
2016–17 Tigres de Chinandega (3) 4–1 Gigantes de Rivas Len Picota
2017–18 Tigres de Chinandega (4) 4–1 Gigantes de Rivas Len Picota
2018–19 Leones de León (6) 4–1 Tigres de Chinandega Sandor Guido
2019–20 Leones de León (7) 4–1 Tigres de Chinandega Sandor Guido
2020–21 Gigantes de Rivas (2) 4–2 Tigres de Chinandega Joel Fuentes
2021–22 Leones de León (8) 4–3 Gigantes de Rivas Sandor Guido
2022–23 Indios del Bóer (9) 4–2 Gigantes de Rivas Joel Fuentes
2023–24 Gigantes de Rivas (3) 4–2 Tren del Norte Germán Mesa

Championships by team

Rank Team Wins Years
1 Indios del Bóer 9 1962–63, 1964–65, 1965–66, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2014–15, 2022–23
2 Leones de León 8 1957, 1957–58, 1959–60, 2004–05, 2009–10, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2021–22
3 Tigres de Chinandega 4 2005–06, 2012–13, 2016–17, 2017–18
4 Gigantes de Rivas 3 2013–14, 2020–21, 2023–24
5 Cinco Estrellas 2 1963–64, 1966–67
6 Oriental 1 1958–59
Cigarilleros del Marlboro[a] 1961–62

International competition

From its inception, the Nicaraguan professional league sought to participate in international club competition. It hosted a tournament billed as the Serie Panamericana, or Pan-American Series, in 1958, inviting the champions of the Colombian and Mexican Pacific Leagues.[11] This tournament, won by Leones de León, was a success; Nicaraguan organizers hoped it would allow them to join the Caribbean Series, but such an invitation was not forthcoming.[12]

The LPBN did participate in the Interamerican Series three times[a] in the 1960s, while the Caribbean Series was suspended. It hosted the 1964 edition, which was won by Cinco Estrellas.

Nicaragua was an inaugural member of the Latin American Series, winning the tournament four times in the 2010s.

The LPBN would not participate in the Caribbean Series until 2024, when it was invited to participate in the tournament in Miami.[13] Their entry was controversial, because it was alleged that the regime of Daniel Ortega offered $1 million to the Caribbean Professional Baseball Confederation to secure the participation in the tournament.[14][15]

Interamerican Series champions

Season Winner
1964 Cinco Estrellas

Latin American Series champions

Season Winner
2016 Gigantes de Rivas
2017 Tigres de Chinandega
2018 Tigres de Chinandega
2019 Leones de León

Individual leaders by year

Hitting

Season Player Team Player Team Player Team
Batting average Home Runs RBI
2004–05 Adolfo Matamoros Chinandega .378 Luis Iglesias Chinandega 4 Marlon Abea San Fernando 33
Marlon Abea San Fernando 4
2005–06 Bárbaro Cañizares Bóer .352 Michel Abreu Bóer 14 Wilson Batista Chinandega 42
2006–07 Justo Rivas León .377 Clyde Williams Bóer 16 Clyde Williams Bóer 40
2007–08 Ofilio Castro San Fernando .351 Luke Gorsett Chinandega 6 Danilo Sotelo San Fernando 32
Jimmy Hurts San Fernando 6
Marcos Sánchez San Fernando 6
2009–10 Jimmy González Granada .363 Lenín Aragón Bóer 6 Lenín Aragón Bóer 38
Edgard López León 38
2010–11 José Campusano Bóer .363 Brian Nichols León 10 Manuel Mejía Bóer 37
2011–12 Renato Morales Granada .387 Esteban Ramírez Chinandega 12 Wuillians Vasquez Bóer 51
2012–13 Yurendell DeCaster Chinandega .416 Yurendell DeCaster Chinandega 13 Yurendell DeCaster Chinandega 56
Ramón Flores Chinandega 13
2013–14 Wuillians Vasquez Chinandega .351 Ronald Garth Granada 8 Esteban Ramírez Chinandega 35
2014–15 Yurendell DeCaster Rivas .368 Rudy Van Heydoorm Rivas 6 Ramón Flores Rivas 38
2015–16 Jonel Pacheco Chinandega .427 Juan C. Torres Granada 6 Ronald Garth Chinandega 30
2016–17 Wuillians Vasquez Rivas .407 Wuillians Vasquez Rivas 11 Wuillians Vasquez Rivas 55
2017–18 Javier Robles Bóer .354 Curt Smith Chinandega 6 Elmer Reyes Rivas 34
2018–19 Elmer Reyes Bóer .360 Juan Silverio Bóer 6 Juan Silverio Bóer 19
2019–20 Ofilio Castro León .409 Alvaro Gonzalez Chinandega 10 Elian Miranda Chinandega 31
Alvaro Gonzalez Chinandega 31
2020–21 Ronald Garth León .400 Cheslor Cuthbert Rivas 9 Héctor Gómez Tren 41
Willy García Tren 9
2021–22 Alay Largo Tren .424 Willy García Tren 11 Alay Largo Tren 45
2022–23 Manuel Geraldo Bóer .355 Manuel Geraldo Bóer 7 Manuel Geraldo Bóer 31
2023–24 Omar Mendoza Chinandega .358 Jesus Lopez Chinandega 8 Omar Mendoza Chinandega 29

Pitching

Season Player Team Player Team Player Team
ERA Win–loss record Strikeouts
2004–05 Julio Raudez San Fernando 1.46 Julio Raudez San Fernando 10–3 Miguel Pérez León 99
2005–06 Wilton López León 1.34 Julio Raudez Chinandega 10–0 Devern Hansack León 89
2006–07 José Luis Sáenz San Fernando 1.96 Wilton López León 8–2 Willy Lebrón San Fernando/León 89
2007–08 Wilton López León 1.45 Diego Sandino San Fernando 10–0 Juan Figueroa Bóer 60
2009–10 Wilfredo Amador León 1.95 Wilder Rayo León 7–2 Melvin Cuevas Granada 57
2010–11 Carlos Estrella Granada 1.19 Rodney Rodríguez Granada 8–5 Rodney Rodríguez Granada 93
2011–12 Eric Blackwell León 2.75 Wilder Rayo León 8–3 Juan Figueroa Granada 74
2012–13 Wilder Rayo León 2.06 Juan Figueroa Granada 7–1 Juan Figueroa Granada 79
2013–14 Carlos Estrella Rivas 1.62 Carlos Téller Bóer 7–0 Santos Hernandez Granada 71
2014–15 Rodney Rodríguez Bóer 2.29 Paul Estrada Chinandega 8–1 Rodney Rodríguez Bóer 58
2015–16 Austin Davis Bóer 1.12 Roger Luque Granada 5–2 Paul Estrada Rivas 52
Abraham Elvira Chinandega 52
2016–17 Gustavo Martínez Granada 1.95 José Rosario Rivas 7–1 Frankie de la Cruz Granada 58
2017–18 Jorge Bucardo Bóer 1.56 Manauris Baez Bóer 5–0 Paul Estrada Bóer 49
2018–19 Luis Angel Mateo León 3.29 Jorge Bucardo León 3–0 Luis Angel Mateo León 35
2019–20 Isaac Silva León 2.59 Carlos Sano Chinandega 4–0 Carlos Sano Chinandega 37
2020–21 Leónardo Crawford Rivas 2.65 Willy Paredes León 6-1 Alexander Santana Chinandega 47
2021–22 Bryan Torres Rivas 0.81 Ronald Medrano Rivas 5-0 Pedro Fernández Chinandega 71
2022–23 Edgard Martinez Tren 2.22 Yeudy García Bóer 5-0 Ronald Medrano Rivas 57
2023–24 Yeris Gonzalez Chinandega 1.69 Luis Ramirez Tren 6-2 Joanner Negrin Perez León 42

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c The Nicaraguan league merged with the Panamanian Professional Baseball League for the 1961–62 season. That year, the champion was Marlboro, a Panama-based team.
  2. ^ The 1964–65 playoffs were held in a round-robin format, as all four clubs finished the regular season with an identical record. Leon and Cinco Estrellas both tied for second, going 3–3 in the round-robin playoffs[10]

References

  1. ^ "Nicaraguan fans riding clouds over feats of American players". The Sporting News. 15 January 1958.
  2. ^ "EL SABADO SE INICIA EN NICARAGUA EL CAMPEONATO PROFESIONAL DE BEISBOL" (in Spanish). La Prensa Libre. 1 March 1956. p. 5. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
  3. ^ "DECLARADO DESIERTO CAMPEONATO DE BEISBOL PROFESIONAL EN NICARAGUA" (in Spanish). Diario de Costa Rica. 30 September 1956. p. 15. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
  4. ^ "EL DOS DE MARZO SE INAUGURA EL CAMPEONATO PROFESIONAL DE BEISBOL NICARAGÜENSE" (in Spanish). La República. 27 February 1957. p. 19. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
  5. ^ "El Beisbol Profesional de Nicaragua". 1800beisbol.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 October 2024.
  6. ^ Layton Revel; Luis Munoz. "Forgotten Heroes: Silvio Garcia" (PDF). Center for Negro League Baseball Research: 22.
  7. ^ "Peace Pact Putting Nicaragua in O.B." The Sporting News. 12 June 1957.
  8. ^ "Relación de los Rasgos de personalidad y el bajo rendimiento en jugadores de béisbol de la Liga Juvenil en el Reparto Antenor Sandino de León, febrero-julio" (PDF) (in Spanish). p. 10. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
  9. ^ "Floods, Weak Economy Chill Nicaraguan League Hopes". The Sporting News. 16 November 1960. p. 32.
  10. ^ "Grant Jackson's No Hitter Helps Boer Grab Title". The Sporting News. 13 February 1965. p. 25.
  11. ^ "Colombia, Mexico sending champs to Managua series". The Sporting News. February 12, 1958. p. 25. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  12. ^ "Pan-American title captured by Nicaragua". The Sporting News. February 26, 1958. p. 26. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  13. ^ Enrique Rojas (July 24, 2023). "¿Por qué Colombia se quedó fuera de Serie Caribe 2024?". ESPN Deportes (in Spanish).
  14. ^ "Colombia no va a la Serie del Caribe por diferencias en pago" (in Spanish). Diario Libre. 25 April 2023.
  15. ^ "El régimen garantiza un millón de dólares para que Nicaragua participe en Serie del Caribe 2024". Despacho 505. 24 April 2023.

Read other articles:

Bu maddede kaynak listesi bulunmasına karşın metin içi kaynakların yetersizliği nedeniyle bazı bilgilerin hangi kaynaktan alındığı belirsizdir. Lütfen kaynakları uygun biçimde metin içine yerleştirerek maddenin geliştirilmesine yardımcı olun. (Mart 2020) (Bu şablonun nasıl ve ne zaman kaldırılması gerektiğini öğrenin) Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısıKısaltmaDOIOrganizasyonInternational DOI FoundationBaşlangıcı2000 (22 yıl önce) (2000)Örnek10.1000/182Webs...

 

Afridza MunandarKebangsaan IndonesiaLahir(1999-08-13)13 Agustus 1999Tasikmalaya, IndonesiaMeninggal2 November 2019(2019-11-02) (umur 20)Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Afridza Syach Munandar (13 Agustus 1999 – 2 November 2019) merupakan seorang pembalap motor asal Indonesia. Dia dikenal berprestasi di ajang balap nasional dan Asia. Ia merupakan salah satu rider yang paling mencolok dalam Kejuaraan Nasional Oneprix Indonesia Motoprix 2019 dengan membela Astra Motor Racing Team...

 

Coto C.I.C.S.A Hipermercado Coto, sucursal Munro, provincia de Buenos AiresTipo Centro Integral de Comercialización Sociedad Anónima (C.I.C.S.A)Campo supermercadoIndustria Supermercadismo - RetailFundación 10 de septiembre de 1970 (53 años)Fundador Alfredo CotoSede central Paysandú 1842, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaMarcas Coto y Ciudad del Lago (comestibles) y TOP (aparatos eléctricos)Productos mini, súper e hipermercadosIngresos USD 2300 millones[cita requerida]Propietario Alfred...

جوديث هوارد معلومات شخصية الميلاد 21 أكتوبر 1945 (78 سنة)  مواطنة كندا  عضوة في الجمعية الملكية[1]  الحياة العملية المدرسة الأم جامعة برستلكلية سومرفيل  [لغات أخرى]‏  مشرف الدكتوراه دوروثي هودجكن  المهنة كيميائية،  وعالم بلورات  اللغات الإنجليزية...

 

?Pseudoliparis swirei Фотографії A–B у природному середовищі, C- спійманий екземпляр Біологічна класифікація Домен: Ядерні (Eukaryota) Царство: Тварини (Animalia) Тип: Хордові (Chordata) Клас: Променепері (Actinopterygii) Ряд: Скорпеноподібні (Scorpaeniformes) Родина: Ліпарисові (Liparidae) Рід: Pseudoliparis Вид: P. swirei

 

Esta página ou seção foi marcada para revisão devido a incoerências ou dados de confiabilidade duvidosa. Se tem algum conhecimento sobre o tema, por favor, verifique e melhore a coerência e o rigor deste artigo.Considere colocar uma explicação mais detalhada na discussão. Adão e Eva são figuras bíblicas que demonstram teológicamente que há algo de errado no homem. A filosofia da natureza humana também se chama de antropologia filosófica,[1] envolve-se na pergunta o que é o se...

Israeli actor Amnon Wolfאמנון וולףWolf in 2017Born (1971-07-21) July 21, 1971 (age 52)Haifa, IsraelOccupationsActorvoice actorYears active1990–presentParentDan WolfRelativesZvi Wolf (grandfather) Amnon Wolf (Hebrew: אמנון וולף; born July 21, 1971) is an Israeli actor and voice actor.[1] Biography Born in Haifa, Wolf began studying at the Hebrew Reali School before moving on to study at the Nissan Nativ Acting Studio. He began his career mainly as a stage ...

 

American actor (1914–2003) Stacy Keach Sr.BornWalter Stacy Keach(1914-05-29)May 29, 1914Chicago, Illinois, U.S.DiedFebruary 13, 2003(2003-02-13) (aged 88)Burbank, California, U.S.Resting placeForest Lawn Memorial ParkOccupationActorYears active1942–1997Spouse Mary Cain Peckham ​(m. 1937)​ChildrenStacy Keach Jr.James Keach Walter Stacy Keach Sr. (May 29, 1914 – February 13, 2003), known professionally as Stacy Keach Sr. was an American actor whose s...

 

Place in Baranya, HungaryIpacsfaLocation of Baranya county in HungaryIpacsfaLocation of IpacsfaCoordinates: 45°50′05″N 18°12′24″E / 45.83480°N 18.20659°E / 45.83480; 18.20659Country HungaryCountyBaranyaArea • Total6.01 km2 (2.32 sq mi)Population (2004) • Total233 • Density38.76/km2 (100.4/sq mi)Time zoneUTC+1 (CET) • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)Postal code7847Area code72 Ipacsfa is a ...

Filipino TV series or program PositiveGenreDrama RomanceWritten byBenedict MiqueDirected byEnrico S. QuizonStarringMartin Escudero Helga Krapf Felix RocoCountry of originPhilippinesOriginal languageFilipinoNo. of episodes13ProductionExecutive producerErwin Ragos NietoProduction locationsMetro Manila, PhilippinesRunning time30-45 minutesOriginal releaseNetworkTV5ReleaseOctober 17, 2013 (2013-10-17) –January 9, 2014 (2014-01-09) Positive is a Filipino drama series, which w...

 

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject. It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia's content policies, particularly neutral point of view. Please discuss further on the talk page. (September 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) This article relies excessively on refe...

 

British Thoroughbred racehorse MedleyMedley, painted by John Francis SartoriusSireGimcrackGrandsireCrippleDamArmindaDamsireSnapSexStallionFoaled1776CountryGreat BritainColourGreyBreederRichard Grosvenor, 1st Earl GrosvenorOwner John Lade Malcolm Hart James Wilkinson Medley (1776–1792) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse who was imported to the United States after the American Revolutionary War, becoming one of the foundation stallions of the American Thoroughbred. Background Medley was a 1...

County building in Kingston upon Thames, Surrey, England County Hall, Kingston upon ThamesCounty HallLocationKingston upon ThamesCoordinates51°24′18″N 0°18′18″W / 51.4049°N 0.3051°W / 51.4049; -0.3051Built1893ArchitectCharles Henry HowellArchitectural style(s)Classical style Listed Building – Grade IIDesignated6 October 1983Reference no.1184834 Location of County Hall, Kingston upon Thames in Greater London County Hall is a former municipal building ...

 

American actress, model and television personality For other people with similar names, see Jane Kennedy (disambiguation). Jayne KennedyKennedy c.1980BornJayne Harrison (1951-10-27) October 27, 1951 (age 72)Washington, D.C., U.S.NationalityAmericanOther namesJayne OvertonOccupationsActressmodelsportscastertelevision personalityproducerwriterphilanthropistYears active1969–1990TitleMiss Ohio USATerm1970–1971PredecessorMarlynn SingletonSuccessorKaren M. HausSpouse(s) Leon Isaa...

 

Former local government area in New South Wales, Australia This article is about the former local government area. For the suburb, see Manly, New South Wales. Manly CouncilNew South WalesLocation in Metropolitan SydneyCoordinates33°48′S 151°17′E / 33.800°S 151.283°E / -33.800; 151.283Population39,747 (2011 census)[1] • Density2,649.8/km2 (6,863/sq mi)Established6 January 1877Abolished12 May 2016Area15 km2 (5.8 sq mi)...

Tongan rugby union player Rugby playerOnehunga HaviliDate of birth (1996-02-16) 16 February 1996 (age 27)[1]Place of birthTongaHeight195 cm (6 ft 5 in)Weight113 kg (17 st 11 lb; 249 lb)Rugby union careerPosition(s) LockCurrent team Queensland CountryUtah WarriorsSenior careerYears Team Apps (Points)2016– Perth Spirit 1 (0)2022– Aurillac ()2023– Utah Warriors () Correct as of March 27, 2023Super RugbyYears Team Apps (Points)2017– For...

 

American children's television series Barney & FriendsGenre Children's television series Educational Adventure Musical Created by Sheryl Leach[1] Kathy Parker Dennis DeShazer Based onBarney & the Backyard Gang by Sheryl Leach[1]Voices of Bob West Duncan Brannan Tim Dever Dean Wendt Julie Johnson Patty Wirtz Michaela Dietz Opening themeBarney Theme SongEnding themeI Love YouA Friend Like You (various episodes only, 2006–2010)Composers Philip Parker (1990–1999) Bob S...

 

1969 studio album by Art Ensemble of ChicagoTutankhamunStudio album by Art Ensemble of ChicagoReleased1969RecordedJune 26, 1969StudioPolydor Studios (Dames II), Paris, FranceGenreJazzLabelFreedomBlack Lion RecordsProducerAlan Bates, Chris WhentArt Ensemble of Chicago chronology A Jackson in Your House(1969) Tutankhamun(1969) The Spiritual(1969) Tutankhamun is a 1969 album by the Art Ensemble of Chicago first released on the Freedom label.[1][2] It features performances...

Not to be confused with El Decameron Negro (disambiguation). 1972 Italian filmThe Black DecameronDirected byPiero VivarelliWritten byOttavio AlesiPiero VivarelliBased onDer schwarze Dekameronby Leo FrobeniusProduced byAlfredo BiniStarringBeryl Cunningham (La regina bella)Djibril Diop Mambéty (Che cosa non ha fatto)CinematographyRoberto GerardiMusic byLuciano MicheliniRelease date15 October 1972Running time98 minCountryItalyLanguageItalian The Black Decameron (Italian: Il decamerone nero) is ...

 

Ареал диалектов татарского, чувашского и башкирского языков в Урало-Поволжье Башкирская диалектология — раздел башкирского языкознания, изучающий диалекты и говоры башкирского языка. Диалектология башкирская разделяется на описательную и историческую части. Опис...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!