After several years of private practice, Pérodeau taught law at Laval University from 1898 to 1930. He was also active in finance as vice-president of La Sauvegarde insurance company and serving on the boards of the Mount Royal Assurance Company, the Trans-Canada Insurance Company and several other institutions.[2]
In 1910, Pérodeau was appointed minister without portfolio in the cabinet of PremierLomer Gouin. Premier Louis-Alexandre Taschereau promoted him to leader of the government in the Legislative Council in 1920. He served in this position until 1924, when he was appointed lieutenant-governor, an office he held from 10 Jan. 1924 to 10 Jan. 1929.
Pérodeau served as the King's representative in Quebec until 1929. He was then reappointed to the Legislative Council for the division of Montarville and rejoined the Taschereau cabinet in his former position as leader of government in the upper house.