Mutsu Bay

Mutsu Bay
A map of Mutsu Bay and its surroundings
Mutsu Bay
Location	Aomori Prefecture, Japan
Coordinates	40°59′N 140°58′E
Ocean/sea sources	Pacific Ocean
Basin countries	Japan
Max. length	40 km (24.85 mi)
Max. width	40 km (24.85 mi)
Surface area	1,668 km^2 (644 sq mi)
Average depth	40 m (130 ft)
Settlements	Aomori, Mutsu

Mutsu Bay (陸奥湾, Mutsu-wan) is a bay located within Aomori Prefecture, in the northern Tōhoku region of northern Japan. It has an east-west distance of approximately 40 kilometers (22 nmi; 25 mi) and a north-south distance of approximately 40 kilometers (22 nmi; 25 mi) at its eastern end, with a total area of approximately 1,667.89 square kilometers (486.28 sq nmi; 643.98 sq mi).

Names

Mutsu Bay is the dominant English term used in English for the body of water; however it has historically been referred to as the Gulf of Mutsu.^[1] The Japanese name for the body of water is Mutsu-wan (陸奥湾).

Geography

Mutsu Bay is bordered by the Tsugaru Peninsula to the west and the Shimokita Peninsula to the east and north. It has an east-west distance of approximately 40 kilometers (22 nmi; 25 mi) and a north-south distance of approximately 40 kilometers (22 nmi; 25 mi) at its eastern end, with a total area of approximately 1,667.89 square kilometers (486.28 sq nmi; 643.98 sq mi). The outlet of the bay is the 14-kilometer (7.6 nmi; 8.7 mi) wide Tairadate Strait which connects Mutsu Bay to the Tsugaru Strait separating the islands of Honshu and Hokkaido. The bay has an average depth of 40 to 45 meters (131 to 148 ft), with a maximum depth of 70 meters (230 ft) near its outlet to the Tsugaru Strait.^[2]

Mutsu Bay includes Aomori Bay in the southwest, Noheji Bay in the southeast, and Ōminato Bay to the northeast.

Resources

Economically, the shallow waters of the bay are an important fishery, with the cultivation of scallops predominating.^[3] Other products commercially harvested include Sea cucumber, Olive flounder and Ascidiacea.^[4] The fisheries were severely damaged by the 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves.

In the year 2002, the Ministry of the Environment classified some tidal flats of the eastern Mutsu Bay shoreline to be one of the 500 Important Wetlands in Japan.^[5]

Pacific white-sided dolphins are regular migrants into the bay annually, and whale watching and surveys using ferries have been conducted.^[6][7]

Gallery

• 
  Mutsu Bay from Asamushi Onsen
• 
  Mutsu Bay
• 
  The southern part of Mutsu Bay as seen from the air over the Tsugaru Peninsula. Aomori Bay is in the center of the photograph with Noheji Bay in the top left corner.

References

• Campbell, Allen; Nobel, David S (1993). Japan: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. Kodansha. p. 1025. ISBN 406205938X.

Notes

1. 1927 Railway Map of Japan and Korea (Map). 1:1,640,000. Tokyo Tsukiji Type Foundry Ltd. 1927. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
2. 【閉鎖性海域ネット】10, 陸奥湾 (in Japanese). Ministry of the Environment of Japan. 1 April 2004. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
3. 【特報　追う】ホタテ漁急成長の陰で　バイト、夜間操業増加　陸奥湾遭難事故 (in Japanese). Sankei Shimbun. April 10, 2008. Archived from the original on August 27, 2009. Retrieved December 5, 2008.
4. Makino, Mitsutaku (2011). "Chapter 4.2: Sea Cucumber Fishery in Mutsu Bay". Fisheries Management in Japan: Its institutional features and case studies. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 66. ISBN 978-94-007-1777-0.
5. "500 Important Wetlands in Japan". No.63 Northern Shimokita-hanto Nearshore Waters. The Ministry of the Environment, Japan. 2002. Archived from the original on 6 January 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2017.
6. Mutsuwan Ferry. 青森・陸奥湾 イルカ情報. Retrieved on March 25, 2017
7. Kiyokawa H.. 2016. Study on the Migratory Behavior of Pacific White-Sided Dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens in The Mutsu Bay, Aomori Prefecture (pdf). Journal of Aomori University Multidisciplinary Research Institute. Vol.17, No.2, pp.12-25. Retrieved on March 25, 2017