Michał Czajkowski

Michał Czajkowski

Michał Czajkowski (29 September 1804 – 18 January 1886[1]), also known in Turkey as Mehmet Sadyk Pasha (Turkish: Mehmet Sadık Paşa), was a Polish writer and political émigré of distant Cossack heritage who worked both for the resurrection of Poland and also for the reestablishment of a Cossack state.

Early life

Michał Czajkowski was born in Halchyn (Halczyniec) to Stanisław Czajkowski and Petronela Głębocka, in a szlachta family settled in Ukraine for several generations. The Czajkowskis had origins in Czajki in Masovia, while the Głębockis were an old family from Kuyavia.[1] Through his mother he was a descendant of the Ukrainian Cossack Hetman Ivan Briukhovetsky (reigned 1663–68).[2][3] Her family cultivated the memory of Głębocki who married the Hetman's granddaughter. Czajkowski was raised in the spirit of szlachta and Cossackdom. He participated in the Polish insurrection of 1830-31. After the failure of this uprising, he went into exile in France[1] where he developed his ideology of the resurrection of Cossackdom and wrote several novels on this theme. Very popular at this time, some of them were translated into several languages including French and German. In general, in his early writings, Czajkowski saw no conflict between Polish and Cossack interests and romanticized the history of Ukrainian-Polish relations.

France and Turkey

During his French period, Czajkowski briefly collaborated with the radically oriented Polish Democratic Society, and then with the moderate Confederation of the Polish People, before going over to the conservative Polish emigre faction led by Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski called the "Hotel Lambert," after the Prince's residence in Paris. At Czartoryski's bidding, Czajkowski went to Turkey where he was active in Bosnia and Serbia and supported anti-Russian activities in the Caucasus. In the years following the unsuccessful revolutions of 1848, he helped arrange for political asylum for refugee Polish and Hungarian revolutionaries. Russian and Austrian efforts to have him extradited back to his homeland and conflicts with Paris led to his eventual conversion to Islam and his new name "Sadyk Pasha". He thereupon organized an Ottoman Cossack Brigade to fight against the Russians. Michał Czajkowski's Ottoman Cossack unit actually saw some action in the Balkans during the Crimean War but never got to invade Ukraine from the south which was the original intention of its organizers.

Return to Ukraine

Although Czajkowski returned from the war with honours and was able to live a comfortable life in Turkey, his restless nature could never be completely satisfied. His differences with the Hotel Lambert had steadily increased over the years and he was becoming more and more estranged from the Polish political emigration. He was also frustrated by the failure of his larger Cossack project. In 1872, the Russian government offered him an amnesty, and in part under the influence of his third wife, a young Greek girl, he accepted the Russian offer, converted to Orthodoxy, returned to Ukraine and chose to live in Kiev. During this period he wrote his very extensive memoirs. His young wife proved unfaithful, however, and in 1886 a dispirited Czajkowski took his own life.

Legacy

Czajkowski is remembered as a great Cossack enthusiast, a contemporary and friend of other prominent Polish romantics like the poet Adam Mickiewicz, and a leading member of the Ukrainian School of Polish literature. His writings had a profound influence upon younger generations of aristocratic Poles from right-bank Ukraine and boyhood reading of them probably influenced the future prominent historians, Volodymyr Antonovych and Vyacheslav Lypynsky to go over to the Ukrainian independence movement.

His son, Władysław Czajkowski, became an Ottoman official and served as governor in Mount-Lebanon.

Famous works

  • Powieści Kozackie (Cossack Tales, 1837)
  • Wernyhora (1838)
  • Kirdzali (1839)
  • Owruczanin (The Man from Ovruch, 1841)
  • Ukrainki (Ukrainian Women, 1841)

References

  1. ^ a b c Sarkady, Nalan (2008). "Mehmed Sadyk Pasza czyli Michał Czaykowski". Quod Libet (in Polish) (7): 2–3.
  2. ^ Radyk, Oleg (29 September 2012). "Mykhailo Chaikovsky. Adventurist who dreamed to revive Sich". Ukrayinska Pravda (Historic Pravda) (in Ukrainian).
  3. ^ Czajkowski, Michał (1898). Pamiętniki Sadyka Paszy Michała Czajkowskiego (in Polish). Gubrynowicz & Schmidt. p. 1. According to Michał Czajkowski, his mother was the hetman's great-granddaughter.

Further reading

  • Thomas M. Prymak, "The Strange Life of Sadyk Pasha," Forum: A Ukrainian Review, no. 50 (1982), 28-31. A nicely illustrated article with a bibliography.

Read other articles:

Fulmer Falls Tempat Rekreasi George W. Childs (bahasa Inggris: George W. Childs Recreation Site) adalah bekas taman negara yang memiliki air terjun bertingkat sepanjang Sungai Dingmans. Tempat ini terletak di Dingmans Ferry, Delaware Township, Pike County, Pennsylvania dan merupakan bagian Daerah Rekreasi Nasional Delaware Water Gap. Tempat ini dinamai menurut penerbit surat kabar George W. Childs, yang isterinya menghibahkan tanah ini kepada Persemakmuran Pennsylvania pada tahun 1912. Te...

 

  這個詞語的其他用途,參見亞森·羅賓 (消歧義)。 本條目存在以下問題,請協助改善本條目或在討論頁針對議題發表看法。 此條目翻譯品質不佳。 (2022年3月27日)翻譯者可能不熟悉中文或原文語言,也可能使用了機器翻譯。請協助翻譯本條目或重新編寫,并注意避免翻译腔的问题。明顯拙劣的翻譯請改掛{{d|G13}}提交刪除。 此條目已列出參考文獻,但文內引註不足...

 

Genus of carnivores This article is about the genus. For the star, see Procyon. For the mountain range, see Procyon Peaks. For the US Navy's ships, see USS Procyon. ProcyonTemporal range: Pliocene–Recent, 4.9–0 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ Common raccoon (P. lotor) Crab-eating raccoon (P. cancrivorus) Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Procyonidae Subfamily: Procyoninae Tribe: Procy...

 Nota: Animal Kingdom redireciona para este artigo. Este artigo é sobre um parque de diversões. Para o filme com Joel Edgerton, veja Reino Animal (filme). Esta página cita fontes, mas que não cobrem todo o conteúdo. Ajude a inserir referências. Conteúdo não verificável pode ser removido.—Encontre fontes: ABW  • CAPES  • Google (N • L • A) (Maio de 2023) Animal Kingdom Entrada do Animal Kingdom Localização ...

 

Sistem angkutan cepat Johor Bahru–SingapuraIkhtisarJenisAngkutan cepatSistemMRT SingapuraStatusStudi konsultasi arsitektur dan teknikTerminusBukit ChagarWoodlands NorthStasiun2Layanan1OperasiDibuka2024PemilikOtoritas Transportasi Darat Prasarana MalaysiaKarakteristik lintasJalur layang dan bawah tanahData teknisPanjang lintas4.2 kmLebar sepur1.435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) sepur standar Sistem angkutan cepat Johor Bahru–Singapura adalah sebuah sistem angkutan cepat yang...

 

Gereja Katolik Yunani Kroasia dan Serbiabahasa Kroasia: Grkokatolička crkva u Hrvatskoj i Srbiji bahasa Serbia: Гркокатоличка црква у Хрватској и СрбијиLambang Epark Đura Džudžar, Eparki Ruski Krstur (Križevci)PenggolonganKatolik TimurBentukpemerintahanKebijakan episkopalStrukturdua eparkiPausPaus FransiskusUskupMilan Stipić, Đura DžudžarWilayah Bosnia dan Herzegovina  Kroasia  Serbia  SloveniaBahasaSlavonia GerejawiLitur...

Buah mawar dari Rosa rugosa (mawar pantai) Buah mawar Rosa canina menunjukkan warna merah cerah Buah mawar, merupakan buah aksesori dari berbagai spesies tanaman mawar. Biasanya berwarna merah hingga oranye, tetapi berkisar dari ungu tua hingga hitam pada beberapa spesies. Buah mawar mulai terbentuk setelah penyerbukan bunga pada musim semi atau awal musim panas, dan matang pada akhir musim panas hingga musim gugur. Perbanyakan Mawar diperbanyak dari buah dengan membuang achenes yang berisi b...

 

PrahokPrahok dibungkus daun pisang, dibakar, dan disajikan dengan sayuran dan nasi putihJenisIkanTempat asalKambojaBahan utamaCacahan ikan fermentasi yang dibungkus dalam daun pisang  Media: Prahok Prahok (ប្រហុក) adalah hidangan khas Kamboja berupa daging ikan cincang (biasanya ikan gabus) yang digarami, difermentasi, dan dibungkus daun pisang.[1] Prahok dapat dijadikan lauk-pauk, atau sebagai bumbu penyedap masakan mirip terasi. Prahok merupakan salah satu metod...

 

Andi Muhammad GhalibPotret resmi sebagai Kababinkum ABRIJaksa Agung Republik Indonesia ke-15Masa jabatan1998–1999PresidenBacharuddin Jusuf HabibiePendahuluSoedjono C. AtmonegoroPenggantiMarzuki DarusmanDuta Besar Indonesia untuk India ke-17Masa jabatan2008–2013PresidenSusilo Bambang YudhoyonoPendahuluDonnilo AnwarPenggantiRizali Wilmar IndrakesumaAnggota Dewan Perwakilan RakyatMasa jabatan1 Oktober 2014 – 9 Mei 2016PenggantiAndi Djamaro DulungDaerah pemilihanSulawesi Se...

オリンピックのルワンダ選手団 ルワンダの国旗 IOCコード: RWA NOC: ルワンダ国内オリンピック・スポーツ委員会 2016年リオデジャネイロオリンピック 人員: 選手 7人 旗手: アドリアン・ニヨンシュティ メダル国別順位: – 位 金0 銀0 銅0 計0 夏季オリンピックルワンダ選手団 1984 • 1988 • 1992 • 1996 • 2000 • 2004 • 2008 • 2012 • 2016 •...

 

2012 slasher film by Steven C. Miller Silent NightTheatrical release posterDirected bySteven C. MillerScreenplay byJayson RothwellBased onSilent Night, Deadly Nightby Charles E. Sellier Jr.Produced byShara Kay Phyllis Laing Richard Saperstein Brian WittenStarringMalcolm McDowell Jaime King Donal Logue Ellen Wong Brendan FehrCinematographyJoseph WhiteEdited bySeth FlaumMusic byKevin RieplProductioncompaniesBuffalo Gal Pictures Media House CapitalDistributed byAnchor Bay FilmsRelease date Novem...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Shadow of the Eagle 2005 film – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (March 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 2005 filmShadow of the EagleDVD coverDirected byTimo KoivusaloWritten byTimo KoivusaloStarringMikko Leppilampi,Ves...

2006 single by Rodney AtkinsIf You're Going Through Hell (Before the Devil Knows)Single by Rodney Atkinsfrom the album If You're Going Through Hell ReleasedJanuary 9, 2006 (2006-01-09)Recorded2005GenreCountryLength3:36LabelCurbSongwriter(s)Sam Tate, Annie Tate, Dave BergProducer(s)Ted HewittRodney Atkins[1]Rodney Atkins singles chronology Monkey in the Middle (2004) If You're Going Through Hell (Before the Devil Knows) (2006) Watching You (2006) If You're Going Through ...

 

Charles Lameth Charles Malo François Lameth (5 Oktober 1757 – 28 Desember 1832) merupakan seorang politikus dan prajurit berkebangsaan Prancis. Charles Malo François Lameth lahir pada tanggal 5 Oktober 1757 di Paris.[1] Ayahandanya adalah Louise Charles de Lameth dan ibundanya adalah Marie Thérèse de Broglie.[2] Ibundanya adalah saudari Marsekal Broglie dan favorit Marie Antoinette.[3] Referensi ^ Lameth (Charles Malo François, comte de) Diarsipkan 2020-10-29 di...

 

The MessiahThe MessiahSutradara Nader Talebzadeh Produser Abdollah Saeedi Ditulis oleh Nader Talebzadeh PemeranAhmad Soleimani NiaPenata musikLoris TjeknavorianSinematograferSadegh MianjiTanggal rilis 18 Oktober 2007 (2007-10-18) (Festival Perfilman dan Agama) Negara Iran Bahasa Mesih (Iran: بشارت منجی), yang lebih umum dan secara resmi disebut sebagai The Messiah,[1][2][3][4][5] namun juga disebut sebagai 'Yesus',[6] Per...

Game controller by Valve Steam ControllerDeveloperValveRelease dateNovember 10, 2015 (2015-11-10)DiscontinuedNovember 26, 2019 (2019-11-26)Input 6 axis motion sensing (3 axis accelerometer, 3 axis gyroscope) 2 × clickable analog triggers (LT, RT) 2 × shoulder buttons (LB, RB) 1 × clickable Analog stick(control stick click) 7 × digital buttons(Y, B, A, X, Start, Select, Steam) Websitestore.steampowered.com/app/353370/ The Steam Controller is a discontinued gam...

 

First and only census carried out in the Russian Empire (1897) For other uses, see Russian census. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Russian Empire census – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The first general census ...

 

American journalist and author (1888–1939) S.S. Van DinePortrait of writer Willard Huntington Wright (S. S. Van Dine) by his brother Stanton Macdonald-Wright, 1913–14BornWillard Huntington WrightOctober 15, 1888Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.DiedApril 11, 1939 (aged 50)New York City, U.S.Known forArt criticism, Detective novels featuring Philo VanceSpouse(s)Katharine Belle Boynton (1907–1930)[1]Eleanor Rulapaugh, aka Claire De Lisle (1930–his death)RelativesStanton Macdon...

American college basketball rivalry Florida–Florida State basketball rivalry Florida Gators Florida State Seminoles First meetingDecember 29, 1951Florida 61, Florida State 51Latest meetingNovember 17, 2023Florida 89, Florida State 68Next meeting2024 in TallahasseeStatisticsMeetings total75All-time seriesFlorida leads, 46–28* (1 game vacated)Largest victoryFlorida, 96–61 (1999)Longest win streakFlorida, 7 (1965–1968); Florida State, 7 (2014–2020)Current win streakFlorida, 3 (2021–p...

 

Fictional character in P. G. Wodehouse stories Fictional character Tuppy GlossopJeeves characterRobert Daws as Tuppy GlossopFirst appearanceJeeves and the Yule-tide Spirit (1927)Last appearanceRight Ho, Jeeves (1934)Created byP. G. WodehousePortrayed byRobert DawsRay CooneyEdwin Apps and othersIn-universe informationFull nameHildebrand GlossopNicknameTuppyGenderMaleRelativesSir Roderick Glossop (uncle)Honoria Glossop (cousin)Oswald Glossop (cousin)NationalityScottish Hildebrand Tuppy Glossop ...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!