Born in Fortaleza, Ceará, Marcos Victor represented hometown sides Ferroviário and Floresta as a youth.[1] He made his first team debut with the latter on 21 January 2021, starting in a 0–4 away loss against Icasa for the 2020 Copa Fares Lopes.
In February 2021, Marcos Victor joined Ceará and returned to the under-20 team. His loan was extended for seven months on 28 December of that year,[2] and he was subsequently promoted to the main squad on 6 January 2022.[3]
Marcos Victor made his first team debut with Vozão on 1 February 2022, starting in a 1–0 Copa do Nordeste away win over Sergipe.[4] He made his Série A debut on 14 May, playing the full 90 minutes in a 2–2 home draw against Flamengo.[1]
On 30 June 2022, Marcos Victor signed a permanent contract with Ceará until June 2025.[5] On 18 December, after the club's relegation, he signed a five-year deal with Bahia.[6]