In 2018, Patiño played with the Fort Wayne TinCaps.[2][3] where he pitched to a 6–3 record, a 2.16 ERA, and a 1.07 WHIP in 17 starts.[4] He began the 2019 season with the Lake Elsinore Storm,[5] and he was named to the 2019 All-Star Futures Game.[6] He was promoted to the Amarillo Sod Poodles in August. Over twenty games (19 starts) between the two teams, Patiño went 6–8 with a 2.57 ERA, striking out 123 over 94+2⁄3 innings.
On August 4, 2020, Patiño was called up to the major leagues.[7][8] At the time, he was the youngest player in MLB. He appeared in eleven games in 2020, finishing the season with a 5.14 ERA.[9]
Tampa Bay Rays
On December 29, 2020, Patiño, along with Francisco Mejía, Blake Hunt and Cole Wilcox, was traded to the Tampa Bay Rays in exchange for Blake Snell.[10] At the time of the trade he was ranked the 23rd best prospect in baseball by MLB.com and a top 10 prospect by Fangraphs.[11][12][13] He made 19 appearances (15 starts) for the Rays in 2021, recording a 5–3 record and 4.31 ERA with 74 strikeouts and 77.1 innings pitched.
In a start against the Oakland Athletics on April 11, 2022, Patiño was removed with an oblique strain after 13 pitches. He was transferred to the 60-day injured list two days later on April 13.[14] On July 15, he was activated off of the injured list.[15] In 6 starts for the Rays, Patiño struggled to a 1–2 record and 8.10 ERA with 11 strikeouts in 20.0 innings pitched.
Patiño was optioned to the Triple-A Durham Bulls to begin the 2023 season.[16]
Chicago White Sox
On August 1, 2023, Patiño was traded to the Chicago White Sox in exchange for cash considerations.[17] In 7 games for the White Sox, he posted a 3.57 ERA with 13 strikeouts across 17+2⁄3 innings of work. On December 20, Patiño was designated for assignment following the addition of Josimar Cousín to the roster.[18]
San Diego Padres (second stint)
On December 22, 2023, Patiño was claimed off waivers by the San Diego Padres.[19] He began the 2024 season on the injured list with right elbow inflammation.[20] On April 30, 2024, Patiño underwent Tommy John surgery, ruling him out for the entirety of the season.[21] On November 22, the Padres non–tendered Patiño, making him a free agent.[22]