It depicts the Book of Genesis story in which, after the destruction of Sodom by divine judgment, Lot and his daughters take refuge in a cave. The daughters, believing that there are no men with whom to have offspring, get their father drunk and commit incest with him, one each night, subsequently becoming pregnant.
The subject, judged as shameful in the Middle Ages, was not explicitly represented, but since the Renaissance it was depicted frequently, because of the opportunity it offered to artists to depict an erotic subject.
References
^Jacquot, Dominique (2006). Le musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg. Cinq siècles de peinture. Strasbourg: Musées de Strasbourg. pp. 174–175. ISBN2-901833-78-0.