List of presidents of Egypt

Current Presidential Standard of Egypt (left, 1984–present) and former Presidential Standard (right, 1972–1984)

The office of President of Egypt was established in 1953. The president is the head of state of Egypt and the Supreme Commander of the Egyptian Armed Forces. The current president is Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, who has effectively controlled the country since the 2013 coup d'état, and was officially elected president in 2014.

Background

The first president of Egypt was Mohamed Naguib, one of the leaders of the Free Officers Movement who led the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, and who took office on 18 June 1953, the day on which Egypt was declared a republic. Since then the office has been held by five further people: Gamal Abdel Nasser, Anwar Sadat, Hosni Mubarak, Mohamed Morsi and Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. In addition, Sufi Abu Taleb acted as president between Sadat's assassination and the Mubarak's election as his successor, and Adly Mansour acted as president after Morsi's overthrow in the 2013 coup d'état.

Following Hosni Mubarak's resignation on 11 February 2011^[1] in the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, the office was vacant, with the functions of head of state and head of government being discharged by the chairman of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, Field Marshal Muhammad Hussein Tantawy.^[2]

Mohamed Morsi took office on 30 June 2012, after being elected by the presidential election held on 23–24 May and 16–17 June 2012.^[3] He was deposed by the Egyptian Armed Forces in a coup d'état on 3 July 2013, following massive protests calling for his resignation.^[4] He was succeeded by Adly Mansour, the head of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt, as Acting President. Mansour was sworn into office in front of the Supreme Constitutional Court on 4 July 2013.^[5]

Current President el-Sisi took office on 8 June 2014, after being elected by the presidential election held on 26–28 May 2014.^[6] He was re-elected twice (by the presidential election held on 26–28 March 2018^[7] and by the presidential election held on 10–12 December 2023^[8]).

List of officeholders

Political parties

  Liberation Rally (LR)

  National Union (NU)

  Arab Socialist Union (ASU)

  National Democratic Party (NDP)

  Freedom and Justice Party (FJP)

Other affiliations

  Military

  Independent

Status

  Denotes acting or interm president

Symbols

^P Presidential referendum

^† Died in office

No.	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Elected	Term of office			Political party
				Took office	Left office	Time in office
Republic of Egypt (18 June 1953 – 22 February 1958)
1		Mohamed Naguib محمد نجيب (1901–1984)	—	18 June 1953	14 November 1954 (Resigned)	1 year, 149 days	Military / LR
—		Gamal Abdel Nasser جمال عبد الناصر (1918–1970) Chairman of RCC from 1954 to 1956	—	14 November 1954	23 June 1956	1 year, 222 days	Military
2			1956^[P]	23 June 1956	22 February 1958	1 year, 244 days	LR (until 1957)
			—				NU
United Arab Republic (22 February 1958 – 2 September 1971)
(2)		Gamal Abdel Nasser جمال عبد الناصر (1918–1970)	1958^[P] 1965^[P]	22 February 1958	28 September 1970^[†]	12 years, 218 days	NU (until 1962)
							ASU
3		Anwar Sadat أنور السادات (1918–1981)	—	28 September 1970	15 October 1970	17 days	ASU
			1970^[P]	15 October 1970	2 September 1971	322 days
Arab Republic of Egypt (2 September 1971 – present)
(3)		Anwar Sadat أنور السادات (1918–1981)	1976^[P]	2 September 1971	6 October 1981 (Assassinated)	11 years, 8 days	ASU (until 1978)
							NDP
—		Sufi Abu Taleb صوفى أبو طالب (1925–2008) Acting president	—	6 October 1981	14 October 1981	8 days	NDP
4		Hosni Mubarak حسنى مبارك (1928–2020)	1981^[P] 1987^[P] 1993^[P] 1999^[P] 2005	14 October 1981	11 February 2011 (Resigned)	29 years, 120 days	NDP
—		Muhammad Hussein Tantawy محمد حسين طنطاوي (1935–2021) Chairman of SCAF (De facto head of state)	—	11 February 2011	30 June 2012	1 year, 140 days	Military
5		Mohamed Morsi محمد مرسي (1951–2019)	2012	30 June 2012	3 July 2013 (Deposed in a coup)	1 year, 3 days	FJP
—		Adly Mansour عدلي منصور (born 1945) Interim president	—	4 July 2013	8 June 2014	339 days	Independent
6		Abdel Fattah el-Sisi عبد الفتاح السيسى (born 1954)	2014 2018 2023	8 June 2014	Incumbent	10 years, 193 days	Independent

Timeline

See also

• Muhammad Ali dynasty
  • List of monarchs of the Muhammad Ali dynasty
• President of Egypt
• Vice-President of Egypt
• Prime Minister of Egypt
  • List of prime ministers of Egypt
• Speaker of the House of Representatives (Egypt)
  • List of speakers of the House of Representatives (Egypt)

References

Citations

1. McGreal, Chris; Shenker, Jack (11 February 2011). "Hosni Mubarak resigns – and Egypt celebrates a new dawn". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 26 February 2020.
2. Egypt Trades Torture Supervisor for 'Mubarak's Poodle'? ABC News, 11 February 2011
3. "Muslim Brotherhood candidate Morsi wins Egyptian presidential election". Fox News.com. Archived from the original on 24 June 2012. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
4. Coup topples Egypt's Morsy; supporters reportedly rounded up - CNN.com. Edition.cnn.com. Retrieved on 14 August 2013.
5. "Adly Mansour Sworn in As Egypt's Interim President". HuffPost. Associated Press. 4 July 2013. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
6. "El-Sisi wins Egypt's presidential race with 96.91%". English.Ahram.org. Ahram Online. Retrieved 3 June 2014.
7. "Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi wins a second term in Egypt". The Economist. 30 March 2018.
8. "El-Sissi wins Egypt's presidential election with 89.6% of the vote and secures third term in office". CTV News. 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.

Sources

• El-Gawady, Mohamed (1986). Cabinets during period of Revolution.
• Hafez, Salah (2001). Democracy Shock.