The Nanjing Metro is a rapid transit system serving Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu province, with stations in all of the city's eleven districts.[1] It is constructed, maintained, and operated by the Nanjing Metro Group Company. The results of Nanjing's 2015 Municipal Bureau of Statistics count showed that Nanjing Metro carried a total of 720 million rides that year.[2]
The idea for a metro system in Nanjing was first proposed in 1984 in the Nanjing Municipal People's Congress as a way to ease traffic concerns. An underground alignment was preferred in order to "protect the historical city's monuments and walls".[3] Over the next few years, the city hired researchers and engineers to plan the system and to study existing metros like Hong Kong's MTR. In 1992, construction began on an experimental station in what would later become Sanshanjie station.[3] In 1999, following the successful completion of the station's experimental phase, Nanjing became the fifth city after Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen to receive approval from the National Development and Reform Commission to begin work on a subway.[3] Roughly one year later in December, construction on the initial 21.7 km (13.5 mi) line of the system broke ground.[4]
a Discrepancies between these figures are explained by interchange stations. If interchange stations are counted once for each line they serve, there would be 236 stations.
Line 1 is the first operating line in the Nanjing Metro system. The initial north–south 21.7 km (13.5 mi) segment became operational on September 3, 2005,[17] serving 16 stops between Maigaoqiao and Olympic Stadium stations.[4] In 2010, a 12-station, 18 km (11 mi) southward extension of Line 1 opened, forking the line at Andemen station;[18] four years later, an extended western fork broke away and became Line 10.[19] Shortly after the southern extension of Line 1 was completed, a second, east–west oriented line opened for service. While originally planned to open in phases, all 26 stations of Line 2 opened simultaneously in May 2010.[19][20] That same year, groundbreaking work began for Line 3, which opened in 2015 with 29 stations.[21] Phase one of Line 4 opened two years later in January 2017, with 18 stations spanning a length of 33.8 km (21.0 mi).[9][22] As of Line 4's opening, there is just under 177 km (110 mi) of urban metro lines in operation.
The Nanjing Metro also operates six S-train branded suburban metro lines: Line S1 (or the Nanjing–Gaochun Intercity Railway Phase I), Line S3 (or the Nanjing–He County Intercity Railway), Line S7 (or the Nanjing–Lishui Intercity Railway), Line S8 (or the Nanjing–Tianchang Intercity Railway), and Line S9 (or the Nanjing–Gaochun Intercity Railway Phase II). The 35.8 km (22.2 mi) Line S1 opened in 2014 ahead of the Nanjing 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, and connected Lukou International Airport with the rest of the metro system. Line S8 opened soon after, connecting suburban Luhe District with the metro network, with plans to eventually extend to neighboring Anhui Province.[23] Line S3 opened in late 2017, and is the third line to cross the Yangtze River.[24] Lines S7 and S9, respectively connecting the far southern districts of Lishui and Gaochun to Line S1, opened on May 26, 2018[25] and December 30, 2017,[26] respectively. Line S6 opened in December 2021, extending the Nanjing Metro system outside of Nanjing city limits for the first time.[13][27] These six lines collectively consist of 244 km (152 mi).
As of 2017, Line 5, Line 7, and a five-station northward extension of Line 1 are concurrently under construction.[28][29][30]
Stations
The Nanjing Metro operates 175 stations across nine lines, with 118 stations on the system's five urban lines and 73 along its six S-lines.[a] Among these are transfer stations to China's high-speed rail and conventional passenger rail network, as well as Nanjing's tramway and international airport. Additionally, the metro's expansion plans consist of one urban rail and three suburban rail lines opening within the next five years,[28] expanding the system by an additional 64 stations, with transfer stations counted once per line.
The system's largest and busiest station is Xinjiekou, the transfer station between Lines 1 and 2, with 24 officially marked exits[31] and a floor dedicated to retail and commercial activities.[32] Xinjiekou attracted 158,200 passengers on New Year's Eve in 2015[33] and 130,500 daily passengers in 2016 during China's week-long National Day holiday.[34] The metro stations in Nanjing South Railway Station and Nanjing Railway Station carried 102,000 and 99,800 daily riders respectively during the same holiday period.[34] Other high-ridership stations include Daxinggong, Sanshanjie, Fuzimiao, Gulou, and Xiamafang.[35][36][37]
b Andemen Station has two types of platforms, an elevated platform for Line 1 trains and an underground platform for Line 10 trains.
c Jinmalu Station has two types of platforms, an at-grade platform for Line 2 trains and an underground platform for Line 4 trains.
d Nanjing South Railway Station has two types of platforms: two underground platforms for cross-platform transfers between Line 1 and Line 3 trains, and a separate underground platform for Line S1 and Line S3 trains.
^5年内南京将再通4条地铁 江宁区地铁站最多 [4 new lines to open in the next 5 years, Jiangning District will have the most stations]. People's Daily. June 13, 2016. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
^南京地铁全年载客7.2亿人次 比上年猛增43% [Nanjing subway annual ridership of 720 million passengers up 43% from previous year]. People's Daily (in Simplified Chinese). February 17, 2016. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
^ abc南京地铁 二十年梦圆 [Nanjing Metro's Twenty-year Dream]. Yantse Evening News (in Simplified Chinese). April 30, 2005. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
^运营时刻表 [Nanjing Metro Timetable] (in Simplified Chinese). Nanjing Metro. Archived from the original on February 1, 2017. Retrieved January 18, 2017.
^1号线 [Line 1] (in Simplified Chinese). Nanjing Metro. Archived from the original on October 7, 2016. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
^ ab宁句城际、南京地铁2号线西延线今日开通初期运营 [Nanjing-Jurong Line, Nanjing Metro Line 2 West Extension Enters Operation Today] (in Simplified Chinese). Sina News Jiangsu. Archived from the original on January 6, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^ ab3号线 [Line 3] (in Simplified Chinese). Nanjing Metro. Archived from the original on October 7, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
^ abc地铁四号线两站点本月开建 一期工程力争年内全面开工 [Metro Line 4 Begins Construction This Month] (in Simplified Chinese). Sina. August 14, 2012. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
^ ab10号线 [Line 10] (in Simplified Chinese). Nanjing Metro. Archived from the original on October 7, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
^ abS1号线 [Line S1] (in Simplified Chinese). Nanjing Metro. Archived from the original on October 7, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
^ ab宁和城际盾构隧道本月贯通 宁句城际目前已完成预可行性研究工作 [Ning-He Intercity Railway Tunnels Complete This Month, Ning-Ju Intercity Railway Completes Pre-Feasibility Study]. Xiandai Daily (in Simplified Chinese). August 16, 2016. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2016.
^ ab宁溧城际全线开工2018年通车 [Nanjing Metro Ning-Li Line Will Open in 2018]. Xinhua News (in Simplified Chinese). April 11, 2016. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2016.
^ abS8号线 [Line S8] (in Simplified Chinese). Nanjing Metro. Archived from the original on June 23, 2015. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
^ ab宁高城际二期有望明年底通车全线设6座车站 [Ninggao Line's Six Stations May Open by the End of Next Year]. Renmin Daily (in Simplified Chinese). September 10, 2016. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2016.
^大事记. Nanjing Metro. Archived from the original on 2018-07-25. Retrieved 2018-07-24. 9月3日 南京地铁一号线一期工程开通试运营
^ ab南京地铁二号线载人模拟运营 [Nanjing Metro Line 2 Undergoes Trial Runs]. Yantse Evening News (in Simplified Chinese). May 23, 2010. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
^南京地铁 [Nanjing Metro]. nj-dt.com (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved May 27, 2010.
^南京地铁4号线主城“横贯线” 连创多个第一 [Metro Line 4, central city's "east-west line" achieves multiple firsts]. Nanjing Daily News (in Simplified Chinese). January 18, 2017. Archived from the original on January 26, 2017. Retrieved January 18, 2017.
^大桥北路到金牛湖将只要半小时 [Daqiaobei Station to Jinniuhu Will Only Take Half an Hour]. Nanjing Daily (in Simplified Chinese). June 11, 2016. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
^小粉来了!南京人上班乘坐这条地铁线每天可多睡25分钟 [Line S3 is here! Nanjing commuters on this route can now sleep an extra 25 minutes!] (in Simplified Chinese). Jiangsu TV. December 6, 2017. Archived from the original on June 20, 2020. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
^南京地铁S7号线信号、通信等工程预验收顺利完成. 中国江苏网 (in Simplified Chinese). February 9, 2018. Archived from the original on July 12, 2018. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
^江苏首条跨市城轨宁句城际通车 [Jiangsu's first intercity train Ningju Intercity Line opens]. Jiangsu Provincial Committee. December 29, 2021. Archived from the original on January 6, 2022. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
^ ab2016年南京市将有七条地铁线同时建设 [2016 Nanjing will have 7 metro lines concurrently under construction]. Nanjing Morning Post (in Simplified Chinese). December 29, 2015. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 22, 2016.
^ ab“换乘王”7号线终于开工了!直接影响七大片区69个小区房价 [Nanjing Metro Line 7 Begins Construction, Will Impact Housing Prices in 69 Neighborhoods]. House365 (in Simplified Chinese). August 8, 2017. Archived from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved August 10, 2017.
^南京地铁1号线北延线试验段招标 [Bids for Construction of Metro Line 1 North Extension Released]. Nanjing Leju News (in Simplified Chinese). December 19, 2016. Archived from the original on January 12, 2017. Retrieved December 22, 2016.
^南京新街口地铁站26个出入口 记者只找到24个 [Of Xinjiekou Station's 26 Stations, This Reporter Could Only Find 24]. People's Daily (in Simplified Chinese). July 29, 2013. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
^ ab南京地铁车站简介 [Nanjing Metro Stations Introduction] (in Simplified Chinese). Nanjing Metro Group Company Limited. Archived from the original on October 24, 2014. Retrieved December 16, 2016.
^南京地铁298万客流破纪录 年内5次刷新纪录 [Nanjing Metro's record-breaking 298 million passengers, Record set five times this year]. Yangtse Evening News (in Simplified Chinese). January 2, 2016. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
^ ab南京地铁国庆前一天客流299.62万乘次创历史新高 [Nanjing Metro Carries 299.62 Million Passengers on the Day Before National Day — A Record High]. Yantse Evening News (in Simplified Chinese). October 1, 2016. Archived from the original on February 3, 2017. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
^长假南京地铁 客运量日均225万 [Nanjing Metro carries 2 million passengers over the long weekend]. Xinhua News (in Simplified Chinese). October 8, 2015. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
^端午节期间南京地铁日均客运量约225万人次 [Nanjing Metro carries 2 million passengers during Dragon Boat Festival]. Dongfang Guardian (in Simplified Chinese). June 23, 2015. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
^小长假地铁单日客运量再创新高 [Over the long weekend, Nanjing Metro breaks daily ridership record] (in Simplified Chinese). Nanjing Metro. April 5, 2017. Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved April 5, 2017.
^ abc南京地铁5号线30个站点位置确定 [Nanjing Metro Line Five's Thirty Stations Confirmed]. Jiangsu News (in Simplified Chinese). October 9, 2016. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2016.
^ ab重磅!南京地铁10号线二期正式开工了! [Seriously! Nanjing Metro Line 10 Phase 2 Begins Construction]. Sohu News (in Simplified Chinese). June 19, 2020. Archived from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved January 5, 2021.
^S3号线首列车交付!2017年南京两条地铁线将通车运营 [Delivery of the first S3 Line train! Two new metro lines will begin operation in 2017] (in Simplified Chinese). Sina. December 5, 2016. Archived from the original on January 11, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2016.