The Leinster Senior Cup is a major rugby competition in Ireland, involving all senior rugby clubs in Leinster, i.e., clubs from Leinster competing in the All-Ireland League. From 2006 until 2016 it was known as the Leinster Senior League Cup during the period when the Leinster Senior League had been discontinued, but reverted to its traditional name for the 2016–17 season upon the revival of the Senior League.[3] From 2011 to 2016 only the top senior teams competed and those in the lower divisions of the All-Ireland League competed for the Leinster Senior League Shield.
History
The Inaugural Leinster Challenge Cup
The Leinster Challenge Cup competition was founded in the 1881–82 season. A meeting of the Leinster Branch of the Irish Rugby Football Union took place at John Lawrence's Rooms (Sports Outfitters) at 63 Grafton Street on Monday 31 October 1881. The meeting was chaired by William Joshua Goulding, Hon. President I.R.F.U. (1880–81) and was attended by representatives of Dundalk, Dublin University, Kingstown, Lansdowne, Phoenix, Rathmines School, and Wanderers Football Clubs.[4] During the meeting questions were posed and answers given about the proposed All-Ireland Challenge Cup competition. Arising from this discussion, W.O. Neville (Dundalk proposed, seconded by H. Morrell (Dublin University), that a Leinster Challenge Cup be established to advance and encourage rugby football in Leinster. The Leinster Challenge Cup would be open to all clubs in Leinster affiliated to the Union. The meeting decided that a circular should be sent to all Leinster clubs inviting their participation and subscriptions to the Cup Fund. A further meeting of the Leinster Branch I.R.F.U. took place on Friday 11 November 1881 to consider the rules, dates of matches, drawing of rounds and other competition details.[4] At this meeting a Challenge Cup Committee was formed. The closing date for entries to the inaugural Leinster Challenge Cup was set for Wednesday 30 November.[5]
The Challenge Cup Committee - C.B. Croker (Lansdowne), the first Hon. Treasurer of the Leinster Branch, G. Drought (Phoenix), F. Kennedy (Wanderers), first Hon. Secretary of the Leinster Branch, E.A. McCarthy (Kingstown), H. Morrell (Dublin University) and Richard M. Peter (Dundalk) - meet on Thursday 1 December to draw up the ties.[6] The Committee decided on an entry fee of ten shillings per club, that all clubs entering the competition should guarantee a donation to the Cup Fund of at least two guineas, that all matches were to be played at Lansdowne Road, that the ground was to be engaged for several matches and that the proceeds of a 6d (six penny) gate were to be added to the Cup Fund.[6] Clubs were allowed to nominate their own umpires. The Committee proposed to purchase, if possible, a Challenge Cup costing some £50. Through the press, the Committee encouraged lovers of the noble game to attend matches and to support the Cup Fund.[6]
The names of the five clubs which had entered, each of whom had guaranteed to donate £5 to the Cup Fund, were placed in a hat and drawn as follows: Match A: Dublin University v Phoenix, on the Wanderers Club portion of the Lansdowne Road grounds; Match B: Wanderers v Kingstown, on the Lansdowne Club portion of the grounds; Match C: Lansdowne, a bye. The first round ties were played on Saturday 10 December 1891, k.o. 2.45 pm, with two forty minute halves. The winner of Match A would play Lansdowne on Saturday 25 February 1882 for a place in the final. The Winner of Match B was to get a bye to the final, which would be played on Saturday 25 March 1882.[6][7] The reasons for the long interval between the first and second rounds were Christmas holidays which extended into January and the International matches on 31 January (Wales), 7 February (England) and 14 February (Scotland). In the event of a Wanderers v Lansdowne meeting in the second round, the club captains would toss for choice of ground at Lansdowne Road. In the event of a draw at any stage, the Cup Committee would fix a date for a second match to be played, so as not to alter the existing rules of the game.[6][8]
The first round matches resulted in a win for Dublin University (5 goals, 2 tries) over Phoenix (nil) - a goal equals a converted try, while the Wanderers v. Kingstown match was a scoreless draw.[9][10] The Wanderers v Kingstown tie was replayed on Thursday 23 February 1882.[11] Kingstown won by a goal and a try to nil.[12][13] The second round match between Dublin University v Lansdowne resulted in a win for Trinity by 2 goals (1 converted try, 1 dropped goal) and 2 tries to nil.[14][15] On 18 March, in the presence of one of the largest attendances of spectators that has ever been seen on the ground, the inaugural Leinster Challenge Cup Final between Dublin University v Kingstown was won by Trinity by one goal to nil and the title of the premier club of the province for the season. Both clubs were photographed before the match by Messrs Robinson of Grafton Street. The members of the winning team were presented with silver crosses.[16][17] The reports on the match do not mention presentation of the Challenge Cup to the DUFC Captain. In celebration the Trinity students living in Botany Bay in College lit an enormous bonfire with a pyrotechnic display of fireworks.[16][18] The Cup appears to have been first presented to the winning captain in 1883.[19]
Leinster Senior Cup
From 1882 through 1897 newspaper reports refer to this competition consistently as 'The Leinster Challenge Cup'. From 1898 through 2006, press reports refer to the competition as 'The Leinster Senior Cup'. How and why did this change in title come about? The change in reference title probably had more to do with semantics rather than any change(s) in the rules governing the competition. At a General Meeting of the Leinster Branch of the I.R.F.U. held in the Wicklow Hotel on 11 November 1888, a resolution was adopted to inaugurate a Leinster Junior Cup competition on the same basis as applied to the Leinster Challenge Cup.[20] Following the Hon. Treasurer's report to the Annual General Meeting a month earlier, it had been proposed that the Leinster Branch purchase a 'Challenge Cup' for such competition.[21] At the Leinster Branch A.G.M in October 1891, a motion that the 2nd XVs of Senior Clubs be allowed to compete in the Leinster Junior Cup was rejected.[22] Essentially the same motion returned the Leinster Branch AGM in October 1895, but was amended to refer the matter to a subcommittee to draft rules to govern the proposed competition under which the latter might be approved and discussion adjourned to the next General Meeting.[23][24] At the reconvened meeting in November 1895, delegates were informed that the original motion had been withdrawn because of intense opposition. The meeting then reconstituted itself as a special meeting to consider a new resolution "that a Cup be presented by the Leinster Branch for competition amongst Second Fifteens of senior clubs on a league basis".[25][26] After much discussion and consideration of umpteen amendments and counter proposals, the final phrase of the original motion was amended to read "amongst Junior Clubs and Second Fifteens of senior clubs on a league basis". This was passed unanimously.[25] Thus the Leinster Branch I.R.F.U. from the 1886–87 season now had a Leinster Junior Cup, the winners of which received a Challenge Cup, a Junior League Cup for Junior Clubs and the 2nd XVs of Senior Clubs, and a Leinster Challenge Cup, contested by Senior Clubs. Thus, to avoid confusion in reports of competitions, the Leinster Challenge Cup became referred to as the Leinster Senior Cup, the winners of which were presented with the original Challenge Cup.
From 1940 to 1947 Old Belvedere completed the still unrivalled feat of winning the Leinster Senior Cup 7 consecutive times, narrowly losing their 8th consecutive final to Wanderers. This broke the next longest sequence of wins by Lansdowne from 1927 through 1931, who had broken the record of four consecutive wins by Dublin University from 1895 through 1898.
Leinster Senior League Cup
In recent times the competition declined in importance due to the introduction of the All-Ireland League in the 1990–91 season[27][28] and the formation of a professional provincial team, Leinster, to compete in the Heineken Cup.[29][30][31][32][33] Following the demise of the Leinster Senior League some time around 2006,[34] the two competitions were combined as the Leinster Senior League Cup. From 2011-12 until 2015-16 senior teams from the lower divisions of the All-Ireland League have participated in the Leinster Senior League Shield instead of the League Cup.[35] Thus competition inaugurated in 1882 continues to be contested by the strongest clubs in the province of Leinster. While the name of the competition has changed, the original Challenge Cup trophy is still presented.
The Leinster Senior League Cup competition has evolved over the past decade. In 2006-07 the top 8 teams of 20 in the league progressed to quarter-finals. From season 2007-08 through 2010-11 there were five Pools of four teams; within each Pool the teams played each other once. The winner of each Pool plus the best three runners-up from the five pools on points (and points scored for and against difference) qualified for the quarter-finals. In seasons 2011-12 and 2012-13 there were two Sections A and B, with the winners and runners-up in each section qualifying for the semi-finals. The winner of Section A played the Runner-up of Section B in the semi-final and vice versa. In season 2013-14 the winners of the two Sections qualified directly for the final. In seasons 2014-15 and 2015-16 there were three Sections A, B and C; within each Section the clubs played each other once. The winner of each Section and the best runner-up on points (and points scored for and against difference) progressed to the semi-finals.
Leinster Senior Cup
From 2016 to 2017, the Senior League was revived, and the Senior Cup reverted to a knock-out format.
The winners of the Leinster Senior League Cup compete with the other three provincial cup winners for the All-Ireland Cup.
The Challenge Cup trophy
The report of the 1883 Leinster Challenge Cup final in the Irish Times contains a description of the Challenge Cup: The Cup, which is a solid silver, and is very massive, is in the Etruscan style. The body is elegantly ornamented in the highest style of the silversmith's art. On one side is a view of a football field and pavilion, showing a scrummage in full progress. On the top of the lid there is a beautifully modelled figure in correct football costume in the art of "dropping". The cup stands on a handsome ebony plinth, around which are slung on chains four massive silver shields on which to inscribe the names of the successful clubs. The work has been executed by Messrs Edmond Johnston of Grafton Street and is finished in the style for which the house has become so justly celebrated.[19] Edmond Johnston achieved renown as a silversmith for two works in particular. He made the Liam MacCarthy All-Ireland Hurling Cup in 1921. He worked on the restoration of the Ardagh Chalice and was given permission to make replicas of it which were exhibited at the expositions in Chicago in 1893, Paris in 1900 and Glasgow in 1901. An EJ intertwined was his maker's mark.[36]
^Irish Times. (1881). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup-First Round - Wanderers v. Kingstown; Leinster Challenge Cup-First Round - Dublin University v Phoenix, 12 December, page 6
^Freeman's Journal (1881). Football: The Challenge Cup ties - University v Phoenix, Wanderers v Kingstown, 12 December, page 7
^Freeman's Journal. (1882). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup - Wanderers v Kingstown, 22 February, page 6
^Irish Times. (1882). Kingstown v Wanderers - Leinster Cup Tie, 24 February, page 7
^Freeman's Journal. (1882). Football: The Cup Match, 16 March, page 4
^Irish Times. (1882). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup - Second Round, Dublin University v Lansdowne, 27 February, page 6
^Freeman's Journal. (1882). Football: Dublin University v Lansdowne - Leinster Challenge Cup Tie, 27 February, page 7
^ abcFreeman's Journal. (1882). Football: Great Challenge Cup Match - University v Kingstown, 20 March, page 7
^ abIrish Times. (1882). Football: The Leinster Challenge Cup Final Match: Dublin University v Kingstown. Victory of the University, 20 March, page 6
^Freeman's Journal. (1882). The T.C.D. Students, 20 March, page 3
^ abcIrish Times. (1883). Football: The Leinster Challenge Cup - Final Match. Dublin University v. Lansdowne, Victory of the University, 12 March, page 6 (1 dropped goal - nil)
^Kingstown FC's ground was in Adelaide Road, Glenageary; Club colours: Black, red and white; see Peter, Richard M. and Garnham, Neal. (1999). The Origins and Development of Football in Ireland, being a reprint of R.M. Peter's Football Annual of 1880, page 84. Ulster Historical Foundation, 178 pp
^Irish Times. (1883). Football: The Leinster Challenge Cup - The Final Match. Dublin University v. Lansdowne - The drawn game, 5 March, page 7 (nil - nil draw)
^Irish Times. (1884). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup - Dublin University v. Lansdowne, 10 March, page 7 (1 dropped goal - nil)
^A protest over the outcome of the match was lodged by Lansdowne FC with the Cup Committee, because the final goal scored by DUFC touched the hands of the Captain of Lansdowne FC before going over the bar and thus should have been disallowed rendering the match a draw, the mistake being attributed to the umpires, Irish Times (1884). Letter to the Editor of the Irish Times - Football: Leinster Challenge Cup (J.A. Denning, Hon. Sec. L.F.C.), 13 March, page 6
^Irish Times. (1885). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup (Final Tie) - Dublin University v. Wanderers. Defeat of the Premiers, 30 March, page 7
^Freeman's Journal. (1886). Leinster Challenge Cup Final Tie - University v Lansdowne, 29 March, page 7
^Irish Times. (1886). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup - Final Tie, Dublin University v Lansdowne, 22 March, page 7 (nil - nil)
^Irish Times. (1887). Football: Dublin University v. Wanderers, 21 March, page 7, match drawn (nil - nil)
^Irish Times. (1887). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup Replay, Dublin University v. Wanderers, 28 March, page 7
^Freeman's Journal. (1888). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup - Final TIE, Wanderers v University, 29 March, page 7
^Irish Times. (1888). Football: Dublin University v. Wanderers, 26 March, page 7 (nil - nil after extra time)
^Irish Times. (1889). Football: The Leinster Cup - Wanderers (holders) v. Bective Rangers (Final tie), 18 March, page 7
^Irish Times. (1890). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup - Final Tie, Dublin University v Lansdowne, 31 March, page 7
^Irish Times. (1891). Football: The Leinster Cup - Dublin University v Lansdowne, 30 March, page 3
^Irish Times. (1892). Football: The Leinster Challenge Cup - Bective victorious, 4 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1893). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup - Final Tie, Dublin University v Lansdowne. The 'Varsity victorious, 27 March, page 3
^Freeman's Journal. (1893). Sporting Intelligence: Football - Dublin University v. Lansdowne, 27 March, page 7
^Irish Times. (1894). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup - Final Tie, Dublin University (holders) v Wanderers. Victory for Wanderers, 26 March, page 3
^Belfast Newsletter. (1895). Rugby: Dublin University v. Bective Rangers, 1 April, page 7
^Irish Times. (1896). Football: Leinster Challenge Cup Final Tie - Dublin University (Holders) v Old Wesley. Victory for Trinity, 30 March 1896, page 3
^Irish Times. (1897). Leinster Challenge Cup: Final Tie - Dublin University (Holders) v Old Wesley. Trinity victorious, 29 March 1897, page 3
^Irish Times. (1898). Football: Rugby, Leinster Senior Cup - Final Tie, Dublin University v Lansdowne. The 'Varsity victorious, 4 April 1898, page 3
^Irish Times. (1899). Rugby Football: Leinster Senior Cup - Final Tie, Lansdowne v Monkstown. Monkstown win the Cup for the first time, 27 March, page 3
^Irish Times. (1900). Football: Rugby - Leinster Senior Cup, Dublin University v Wanderers - Trinity win the Cup, 9 April, page
^Freeman's Journal. (1901). Rugby Football: Leinster Cup Final - Lansdowne v. Trinity. Victory of Lansdowne, 1 April, page 7
^Irish Times. (1902). Football: Rugby - Leinster Senior Challenge Cup Final, Lansdowne (holders) v Monkstown. Victory of Monkstown, 31 March, page 6
^Irish Times. (1903). Football: Rugby - Leinster Senior Cup Final Tie, Lansdowne v. Dublin University. Victory of Lansdowne, 13 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1904). Football: Rugby - Saturday's Match. Leinster Senior Cup - Final. Lansdowne (holders) v. Clontarf. Victory of Lansdowne, 4 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1905). Football: Rugby - Leinster Senior Cup Final. Lansdowne (holders) v. Dublin University. Trinity obtain the Cup after five years, 10 April, page 5
^Irish Times. (1906). Football: Rugby - Leinster Senior Cup Final. Wanderers v. Monkstown. Victory of Wanderers, 16 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1907). Football: Rugby - Leinster Senior Cup - Final. Wanderers (holders) v. Dublin University. Dublin University, 18 pts; Wanderers, 3 pts, 22 April, page 5
^Irish Times. (1908). Football: Rugby - Saturday's matches. Leinster Senior Cup Final, Dublin Ubiversity (holders) v. Old Wesley. 'Varsity win by 8 points to 6, 6 April, page 5
^Irish Times. (1909). Football: Rugby - Leinster Senior Cup Final. Old Wesley v Blackrock College, Victory of Old Wesley, 26 April, page 5
^Irish Times. (1910). Football: Rugby - Leinster Senior Cup Final. Wanderers v. Bective Rangers, Victory of Bective Rangers, 18 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1911). Football: The close of the season, Leinster Senior Cup-Final. Waders v. Bective Rangers, Wanderers win by 9 points to nil, 24 April, page 5
^Irish Times. (1912). Football: Rugby - Saturday's Match. Leinster Cup Final, Dublin University v. Bective Rangers, Dublin University 3 points Bective Rangers nil, 8 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1912). Football: Rugby - Saturday's Matches. Leinster Senior Cup-Final Round, Dublin University (holders) v. Bective Rangers, Trinity retain the Cup, Dublin University 10 points Bective Rangers 3 points, 14 April, page 10
^Irish Times. (1914). Irish Times. (1912). Football: Rugby - Saturday's Matches. Leinster Senior Cup-Final Round, Bective Rangers v. Dublin University. Bective win a good match, Bective 11 points Trinity 6 points, 13 April, page 2
^Irish Times. (1920). Football: Rugby - Leinster Senior Cup Final Round. Dublin University v. Wanderers, Trinity win a close game, 26 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1921). Football: Rugby - Leinster Senior Cup Final. Dublin University (5) v. University College (0), 4 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1922). Rugby: Saturday's matches - Lansdowne win the Cup, 3 April, page 8
^Irish Times. (1923). Rugby: Senior Cup Final - Bective's easy win, Bective Rangers 18 points University College Nil, 9 April, page 8
^Irish Times. (1924). Rugby: Leinster Cup Final - University College's first win, Match in a snowstorm. University College (12) v. Monkstown (3), 14 April, page 4
^Irish Times. (1925). Rugby: Leinster Cup-Final. Bective's narrow victory, Bective Rangers (3) v. University College (0), 6 April, page 11
^Irish Times (1926). Rugby: Trinity's Cup - National defeated in final. Trinity 11 points National 3 points, 12 April,. page 11
^Irish Times. (1927). Football: Lansdowne win Senior Cup - Well merited win in final. Lansdowne 8 points Dublin University nil, 4 April, page 13
^Irish Times. (1928). Rugby: Lansdowne's Cup. A close finish, Backs prevail in second half, 9 April, page 13
^Irish Times. (1929). Rugby: Leinster Cup Final - A one-sided game. Lansdowne's third successive win, Lansdowne 45 Monkstown 0, 8 April, page 11
^Irish Times. (1930). Rugby: Lansdowne again. Fourth successive Cup win, Bective disappoint, 7 April, page 11
^Irish Times. (1931). Rugby Football: Lansdowne's "Record". Leinster Cup won for fifth successive year, Lansdowne 17 Wanderers 5, 6 April, page 3
^Irish Times (1932). Rugby Football: Bective's seventh Cup. U.C.D. handicapped but beaten by a better side, 4 April, page 11
^Irish Times. (1933). Rugby Football: The Cup for Lansdowne. University College make a bold bid in final, Lansdowne 6 University Coll. 4, 10 April, page 11
^Sunday Independent. (1934). Bective - Blackrock College rugby duel: Dour game for trophy. Scrum superiority, Bective Rangers 8 pts. Blackrock Coll. 3 pts, 1 April, page 13
^Irish Times. (1935). Rugby Football: Bective retain Cup. Great struggle with Trinity in Leinster final, Bective R. 10 Dublin Univ. 6, 8 April, page 11
^Irish Times. (1936). Rugby Football: Clontarf win the Cup. Splendid fight by Blackrock: An exciting final, Clontarf 16 Blackrock 8, 13 April, page 13
^Irish Times. (1937). Rugby Football: Blackrock's first win - A one point victory in Leinster Senior Cup, Blackrock College 9 Clontarf 8, 19 April, page 11
^Sunday Independent. (1938). Sports: U.C.D. deserve their Rugby Cup triumph. Forwards pave way to beat Clontarf, Tactical error of losers, University College 5 points. Clontarf 3 points, 17 April, page 17
^Irish Times. (1939). Rugby Football: Cup for Blackrock. Clontarf's forwards held well: Crowe's fine goal-kicking, Blackrock 17 Clontarf 3, 20 April, page 11
^Irish Times. (1940). Rugby Football: Cup for Old Belvedere. Forwards rise to the occasion: Contarf well beaten, Old Belvedere 9 Clotarf 0, 15 April, page 8
^Irish Times. (1941). Rugby Football: Senior Cup Final ends in scoreless draw, 21 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1941). Rugby Football: Old Belvedere retain Leinster Cup, Old Belvedere 3 Blackrock 0, 5 May. page 3
^Irish Times. (1942). Scoreless rugby final, Old Belvedere 0 Wanderers 0, 20 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1942). Three in a row for Old Belvedere: Old Belvedere 11 Wanderers 0, 27 April, page 4
^Irish Times. (1943). Rugby Cup retained: Old Belvedere 7 U.C.D. 3, 19 April, page 4
^Irish Times. (1944). Old Belvedere equal Rugby Cup record: Old Belvedere 6 U.C.D. 3, 24 April, page 2
^Irish Times. (1945). Clontarf error which lost them Rugby Cup: Old Belvedere 12 Clontarf 10, 23 April, page 2
^Irish Times. (1946). Belvedere triumph in thrilling Rugby Final: Old Belvedere 16 U.C.D. 11, 22 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1947). Old Belvedere lose the Leinster Cup: Wa nderers 8 Old Belvedere 4, 28 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1948). Dropped goal decides Rugby Cup Final, U.C.D. 4 Dublin Univ. 0, 26 April, page 2
^Irish Times. (1949). Rugby Cup Final lost by wrong tactics, 25 April, page 2
^Irish Times (1950). Lansdowne keep Leinster Rugby Cup: Lansdowne 6 U.C.D. 0, 24 April, page 3
^Irish Times (1953). Lansdowne always on top in Rugby final: Lansdowne 16 Wanderers 3, 20 April, page 3
^Irish Times. (1954). Wanderers on drawn final: Wanderers 3 Lansdowne 3, 26 April, page 2
^Irish Times. (1954). Drop-goals decide Rugby Cup final: Wanderers 15 Lansdowne 12, 6 May, page 3
^Irish Times. (1959). Fitting end to Rugby season: Wanderers take Leinster Cup, Wanderers 13 Lansdowne 6, 4 May, page 2
^Sunday Independent. (1960). Trimnity pack were heroes: Leinster Cup Final drawn - St Mary's College 6 Dublin University 6, 1 May, page 12
^Sunday Independent. (1960). Phew, What a match!: Trinity's Cup after a 100 thrills, 8 May, page 11
^Sunday Independent. (1961). U.C.D.'s great rally earned them replay: Blackrock College 8 U.C.D. 8, 30 April, page 11
^Irish Independent. (1961). Blackrock win Cup in thrill-packed replay, Blackrock College 8 pts U.C.D. 6 pts, 5 May, page 21
^Sunday Independent. (1962). Rugby Cups: Hardy lesson for unhappy Wanderers - Bective Rangers 19; Wanderers 6, 29 April, page 17
^Sunday Independent. (1963). Great start gave U.C.D. Cup, U.C.D. 12: St Mary's College 3, 5 May, page 15
^Sunday Independent. (1964). U.C.D. storm back to keep Cup: U.C.D., 11 - Bective Rangers, 6, 26 April, page 13
^Sunday Independent. (1965). Lansdowne's trophy for 15th time: Leinster Cup medal will go to New Zealand. Lansdowne 9: Clontarf 6, 9 May, page 15
^Sunday Independent. (1966). First title for Terenure, Terenure, 11: St. Mary's Coll., 8, 8 May, page 10
^Sunday Independent. (1967). Terenure retain Leinster Cup, Terenure College 6: U.C.D. 5, 30 April, page 13
^Sunday Independent. (1968). U.C.D. go down to Belvedere in a thriller, Old Belevedere, 11; U.C.D., 6, 21 April, page 17
^Sunday Independent. (1969). Rugby final day: In Leinster. Last kick robs Trinity, Dublin University, 6; St. Mary's College 6, 20 April, page 15
^Sunday Independent. (1969). What a fantastic final! Cooke 'steals Cup for never-say-die St. Mary's. St. Mary's College 14 pts; Dublin University 11 pts, 27 April, page 17
^Sunday Independent. (1970). U.C.D. win final of fisticuffs, U.C.D., 14; Terenure Coll., 3, 26 April, page 17
^Sunday Independent. (1971). Mary's best in tip top decider, St Mary's College, 5; U.C.D., 3, 25 April, [page 25
^Sunday Independent. (1972). Lansdowne topple St. Mary's, Lansdowne 16 St. Mary's College 10, 23 April, page 25
^Sunday Independent. (1973). Ensor boots it for Wanderers, Wanderers 13 St. Mary's College 10, 29 April, page 30
^Sunday Independent. (1974). Mary's title: Bective are easily contained, St. Mary's College 9 Bective Rangers 3, 28 April. page 30
^Sunday Independent. (1975). Rugby: Leinster Cup Final - The real McCoy, Doug's boot earns replay. St. Mary's 6 Old Wesley 6, 27 April, page 21
^Irish Independent. (1975). Grace magic saves Mary's, St. Mary's Colle 10 pts; Old Wesley 9 pts, 2 May, page 14
^Sunday Independent (1976). Moran saves Rock: Another chance for brave Trinity side. Dublin University 9 Blackrock College 9, 25 April, page 25
^Sunday Independent. (1976). Trinity's trophy: Doyle try wins in extra time. Dublin Univ., 10: Blackrock Coll., 6, 2 May, page 25
^Sunday Independent. (1977). Students' Cup: But it should be replay say 'Nure, U.C.D. 9 Terenure 6, 1 May, page 28
^Irish Independent (2003). Rugby: Leinster Senior Cup Final -Carlow cushion see sad Salmo pay heavy price, 22 December, Sport, page 15
^Sunday Independent. (2005). Sport for the Record: Rugby - Leddin Finance Leinster Senior Cup Final. St Mary's College 26 DLSP 7, 27 February, Sport, page 8
^Irish Times. (2010). Sports Round-up: Rugby - Leinster Senior League Cup Final, at Donnybrook. St Mary's College 9 Old Belvedere 3, 6 February, Sport Supplement, page A11
^Irish Independent. (2010). Factfile: Rugby - Leinster Senior League Cup, St Mary's College 9 Old Belvedere 3, 6 February, Sport, page 31
^Sunday Independent. (2015). For the record: Results, Fixtures and Sport in Brief - Leinster League Cup Final, Donnybrook, Clontarf 32 UCD 28, 18 January, Sport page 13
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DART Light Rail station in Dallas, Texas UNT DallasGeneral informationLocation7300 University Hills Road, Dallas, Texas USAOperated byDART Light RailLine(s)Blue LineConnectionsInland Port GoLink Zone (M-Sun) Inland Port Connect GoLink Zone (M-F) Glenn Heights GoLink Zone (M-F)HistoryOpenedOctober 24, 2016 (2016-10-24)Services Preceding station Dallas Area Rapid Transit Following station Terminus Blue Line Camp Wisdomtoward Downtown Rowlett UNT Dallas station is a DART Ligh...
English landowner, diplomat and politician Castled elephant and monogram of Sir Andrew Corbet, Robert's father at Moreton Corbet Castle, Shropshire. Sir Andrew remodelled the medieval fortress as a comfortable manor house in Robert's youth and this stone of the gatehouse is dated the year after Sir Andrew's death, when Robert was in charge. Effigy of Elizabeth Vernon, Robert Corbet's great-grandmother, in the family chapel at St Bartholomew's church, Moreton Corbet. Her husband, Sir Robert Co...
Genre of Indian classical music Not to be confused with the Odissi dance. Oṛiśī SangītaOdissi musicMahāprabhu Jagannātha Composers Jayadeva Dinakrusna Bhanja Banamali Abhimanyu Kabisurjya Gopalakrusna Shāstras Sangita Sara Gita Prakasa Sangita Narayana Sangita Muktabali Compositions Gita Govinda Odissi Prabandha Chhanda Champu Chautisa Janana Bhajana Malasri Pallabi Charjyapada Instruments Mardala Benu Bina Khol vte Indian classical music Carnatic music Hindustani music Odissi music C...
Pour les articles homonymes, voir San Ramón. San Ramón Administration Pays Costa Rica Province Alajuela Code cantonal 202 Districts 13 Démographie Population 60 838 hab. (2003) Densité 60 hab./km2 Géographie Coordonnées 10° 05′ 26″ nord, 84° 28′ 14″ ouest Superficie 101 864 ha = 1 018,64 km2 Localisation Géolocalisation sur la carte : Costa Rica San Ramón modifier San Ramón est un canton (...
Este artigo ou secção contém uma lista de referências no fim do texto, mas as suas fontes não são claras porque não são citadas no corpo do artigo, o que compromete a confiabilidade das informações. Ajude a melhorar este artigo inserindo citações no corpo do artigo. (Outubro de 2009) Alf, uma coisa do outro mundo (PT)Alf, O ETeimoso (BR) ALF (série de televisão) Informação geral Formato sitcom Género ComédiaFicção científicaFantasia Duração 23 minutos Estado f...
Tyne and Wear Metro and bus interchange in South Tyneside South ShieldsTyne and Wear Metro stationGeneral informationLocationSouth Shields, South TynesideEnglandCoordinates54°59′50″N 1°25′59″W / 54.9971852°N 1.4330314°W / 54.9971852; -1.4330314Grid referenceNZ325651Transit authorityTyne and Wear PTEPlatforms1Tracks1Bus stands15ConstructionBicycle facilities4 cycle lockersAccessibleStep-free access to platformOther informationFare zoneCHistoryOriginal compan...
1990 film by Roger Spottiswoode Air AmericaTheatrical release posterDirected byRoger SpottiswoodeScreenplay by John Eskow Richard Rush Based onAir Americaby Christopher RobbinsProduced byDaniel MelnickMario KassarStarring Mel Gibson Robert Downey Jr. Nancy Travis David Marshall Grant Lane Smith CinematographyRoger DeakinsEdited byJohn BloomLois Freeman-FoxMusic byCharles GrossProductioncompaniesCarolco PicturesIndieProd CompanyDistributed byTri-Star PicturesRelease date August 10, 1...
Type of rifled cannon 20-pounder Parrott rifle A 20-pounder Parrott rifle is located at Gettysburg National Military Park.TypeRifled cannonPlace of originUnited StatesService historyIn service1861–1865Used byUnited StatesConfederate StatesWarsAmerican Civil WarProduction historyDesignerRobert Parker ParrottDesigned1859–1860ManufacturerWest Point FoundryUnit cost$380Produced1861–1864No. builtUnited States: c. 300Confederate States: 45+SpecificationsMass1,750...
Chinese financial services company China United SME Guarantee Corporation中合中小企业融资担保股份有限公司TypeState-owned enterprisesHeadquartersBeijing, People's Republic of ChinaProductsBond insurance; loan guaranteesWebsite[1] China United SME Guarantee CorporationTraditional Chinese中合中小企業融資擔保股份有限公司Simplified Chinese中合中小企业融资担保股份有限公司TranscriptionsStandard MandarinHanyu PinyinZhōnghé Zhōngxiǎo Qǐyè Rón...
Artifacts from the Minoan civilization A gold signet ring and its impression. Ashmolean Museum Minoan seals are impression seals in the form of carved gemstones and similar pieces in metal, ivory and other materials produced in the Minoan civilization. They are an important part of Minoan art, and have been found in quantity at specific sites, for example in Knossos, Mallia and Phaistos. They were evidently used as a means of identifying documents and objects. Minoan seals are of a small size...
Городской округМяньянкит. упр. 绵阳, пиньинь Miányáng 31°28′01″ с. ш. 104°44′18″ в. д.HGЯO Страна Китай Провинция Сычуань История и география Дата образования 8 февраля 1985 Площадь 20 256,88 км² Высота 473 м Часовой пояс UTC+8:00 Население Население ▲4 868 243 чел. (2020...
Eastern Catholic archeparchy in Lebanon Archeparchy of Tyre (Maronite)Archeparchia Tyrensis MaronitarumLocationCountryLebanonMetropolitanImmediately subject to the Maronite Patriarchate of AntiochStatisticsPopulation- Catholics(as of 2014)42,500[1] (n/a%)Parishes22InformationSui iuris churchMaroniteRiteWest Syro-Antiochene RiteEstablished1965Current leadershipPopeFrancisPatriarchBechara Boutros al-RahiArcheparchCharbel Abdallah Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Tyre (in ...
This article's list of alumni may not follow Wikipedia's verifiability policy. Please improve this article by removing names that do not have independent reliable sources showing they merit inclusion in this article AND are alumni, or by incorporating the relevant publications into the body of the article through appropriate citations. (July 2013) Notable alumni Nobel prize laureates Main article: List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of Tokyo Of UTokyo winners, five have bee...
Rugby playerNorman LigairiBirth nameNorman Armstrong Senibici LigairiDate of birth (1976-01-29) 29 January 1976 (age 48)Place of birthNadi, FijiHeight184 cm (6 ft 0 in)Weight100 kg (15 st 10 lb; 220 lb)Rugby union careerPosition(s) Fullback, WingAmateur team(s)Years Team Apps (Points) Nadroga ()Senior careerYears Team Apps (Points)2001–200220022003–20062006–20092009–2011 HarlequinsSouthlandSecom RuggutsBriveLa Rochelle 074647 (0)(85)(65)Interna...