Leaf-and-dart

Relief with leaf-and-dart

Leaf-and-dart (also known as rais-de-cœur and heart-and-dart)^[1] is an ornamental motif made up of heart-shaped leaves (or waterleaves inside hearts)^[2] alternating with spearheads (or darts). This motif was used in Ancient Greek and Roman architecture. It was taken up again during the Renaissance, abundantly in the 18th century, being used in the Louis XVI style.^[3]

The French word literally means "rays (beams of light) from heart[s]" (its Italian equivalent being raggi a cuori),^[2] as the "darts" can resemble triangular lightrays emerging from between the hearts. The singular equivalent (rai-de-cœur) is rarely used.^[4]

Gallery

• 
  Ancient Greek leaf-and-dart on an antefix fragment, 450-400 BC, unknown material, Museo archeologico nazionale di Crotone, Crotone, Italy
• 
  Ancient Greek leaf-and-dart (right above the egg-and-dart) on the Erechtheion, Athens, Greece, unknown architect or sculptor, 421-405 BC^[5]
• 
  Ancient Greek leaf-and-dart painted (right under the egg-and-dart lip) on the Pronomos Vase, c.410, ceramic, National Archaeological Museum, Naples, Italy^[6]
• 
  Ancient Greek leaf-and-dart on a gorytos, 400-336 BC, silver and gold, Museum of the Royal Tombs of Aigai, Vergina, Greece^[7]
• 
  Roman leaf-and-dart of a portico of the Trajaneum from Pergamon, 115-130 AD, stone, Pergamon Museum, Berlin
• 
  Roman leaf-and-dart on an altar of Mars and Venus, 124, marble, National Roman Museum of Palazzo Massimo, Rome
• 
  Roman leaf-and-dart right above the rinceaux and under the dentils, on the Temple of Hadrianus, Ephesus, Turkey, unknown architect, 138
• 
  Roman leaf-and-dart on an entablature of the Baths at Ostia, Ostia Antica, near modern Ostia, southwest of Rome, unknown architect, unknown date
• 
  Roman leaf-and-dart on the entablature of the Temple of Vesta, Rome, unknown architect, unknown date
• 
  Neoclassical leaf-and-dart under the Panthéon, Paris, unknown architect, unknown date
• 
  Greek Revival leaf-and-dart, illustrations from Materials and Documents of Architecture and Sculpture, by R. Raguenet, 19th century

See also

• Egg-and-dart, a similar motif

Notes

1. Altekamp, Stefan (1991). Zu griechischer Architekturornamentik im sechsten und fünften Jahrhundert v. Chr (in German). Lang. p. 14. ISBN 978-3-631-43613-4. Herzblatt, Wasserlaub, Herzlaub, heart-and-dart, rais-de-coeur, raggi a cuori, filla kardioschima
2. Ramée, Daniel (1868). Dictionnaire général des termes d'architecture en français, allemand, anglais et italien (in French). Reinwald. p. 364. Rais de cœur […] all. [allemand] Herzlaub, angl. Heart-shaped leaves, ital. [italien] Raggi a cuori. […] en forme de cœur, accompagné de feuilles d'eau [heart-shaped, joined by waterleaves]
3. Sylvie, Chadenet (2001). French Furniture • From Louis XIII to Art Deco. Little, Brown and Company. p. 72.
4. Jean-Marie Pérouse de Montclos, Architecture. Description et vocabulaire méthodiques, 2011, p. 420
5. Watkin, David (2022). A History of Western Architecture. Laurence King. p. 38. ISBN 978-1-52942-030-2.
6. Papaioannou, Kostas (1975). L’art grec (in French). Mazenod. p. 447.
7. Smith, David Michael (2017). Pocket Museum - Ancient Greece. Thames & Hudson. p. 209. ISBN 978-0-500-51958-5.

External links